{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T23:27:37Z","timestamp":1792193257375,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ. Sci. Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,21]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/es204168d","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,18]],"date-time":"2012-01-18T18:13:19Z","timestamp":1326910399000},"page":"2242-2250","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1981,"title":["Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Food and Personal Care Products"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Alex","family":"Weir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sustainable Engineering\rand the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Box 5306, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5306, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Westerhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sustainable Engineering\rand the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Box 5306, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5306, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Fabricius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Z\u00fcrich, Zurich, Switzerland"},{"name":"The Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiril","family":"Hristovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Technology and InnovationArizona State University - Polytechnic Campus, Mesa,\rArizona 85212, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"von Goetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Z\u00fcrich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","unstructured":"ICIS Titanium Dioxide Uses and Market.http:\/\/www.icis.com\/Articles\/2007\/11\/07\/9076546\/titanium-dioxide-tio2-uses-and-market-data.html(June 1st, 2011) ."},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","unstructured":"U.S. EPA. External Review Draft-Nanomaterial Case Studies: Nanoscale Titanium Dioxide in Water Treatment and in Topical Sunscreen; EPA\/600\/R-09\/057;National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency:Research Triangle Park, NC, July, 2009; p222."},{"issue":"24","key":"ref3\/cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200902658","volume":"22","author":"Landsiedel R.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"12","key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4227","DOI":"10.1021\/es8032549","volume":"43","author":"Robichaud C. O.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"7","key":"ref5\/cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2562","DOI":"10.1021\/es103300g","volume":"45","author":"Hendren C. O.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"11","key":"ref6\/cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3669","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-011-5378-y","volume":"46","author":"Macwan D. P.","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref7\/cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2007.01.040","volume":"189","author":"Mahshid S.","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Mater. Process. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"ref8\/cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.2174\/157341308786306125","volume":"4","author":"Zhou X. P.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Nanosci."},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"Z7.12","DOI":"10.1557\/PROC-879-Z7.12","volume":"879","author":"Wu J.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc."},{"issue":"12","key":"ref10\/cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2010.02.012","volume":"158","author":"Labille J.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref11\/cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1080\/10715760802716633","volume":"43","author":"Carlotti M. E.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Free Radical Res."},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6757","DOI":"10.1021\/es901102n","volume":"43","author":"Kiser M. A.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"ref13\/cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1039\/c1em10017c","volume":"13","author":"Westerhoff P.","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Environ. Monit."},{"issue":"10","key":"ref14\/cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.12.021","volume":"409","author":"Neal C.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref15\/cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370802361057","volume":"21","author":"Ma-Hock L.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inhalation Toxicol."},{"issue":"12","key":"ref16\/cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200800922","volume":"4","author":"Semmler-Behnke M.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref17\/cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1039\/c0em00547a","volume":"13","author":"Gottschalk F.","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Environ. Monit."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00168509","volume":"37","author":"Hussain S.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref19\/cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS2001134","volume":"61","author":"Lomer M. C. E.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2009.11.008","volume":"62","author":"Fadeel B.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Delivery Rev."},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","unstructured":"CCOHS Titanium dioxide classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans.http:\/\/www.ccohs.ca\/headlines\/text186.html(accessed May 2011) ."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref22\/cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfj197","volume":"92","author":"Sayes C. M.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2008.09.009","volume":"87","author":"Suh W. H.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref24\/cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2008.07.001","volume":"120","author":"Warheit D. B.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref25\/cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2010.11.027","volume":"159","author":"Menard A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"6","key":"ref26\/cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201001037","volume":"50","author":"Krug H. F.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"issue":"17","key":"ref27\/cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2009.06.005","volume":"43","author":"Zhang Y.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"ref28\/cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2007.11.036","volume":"42","author":"Zhang Y.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"ref29\/cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1039\/b006285p","volume":"125","author":"Lomer M. C. E.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref30\/cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1006\/jcat.2001.3316","volume":"203","author":"Ohno T.","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Catal."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref31\/cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2007.02.024","volume":"588","author":"Packer A. P.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref32\/cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5196","DOI":"10.1021\/j100329a027","volume":"92","author":"Kormann C.","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5164","DOI":"10.1021\/es0352303","volume":"38","author":"Lecoanet H. F.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"ref34\/cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1179\/oeh.2010.16.4.406","volume":"16","author":"Lorenz C.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref35\/cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1039\/c0ay00205d","volume":"2","author":"Contado C.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anal. Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref36\/cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-010-4298-z","volume":"399","author":"Samontha A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","unstructured":"Davis, J.; Wang, A.; Shtakin, J. A.Nanomaterial Case Studies: Nanoscale Titanium Dioxide in Water Treatment and in Topical Sunscreen;U.S. EPA:Research Triangle Park, NC, 2010."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref38\/cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.03.038","volume":"59","author":"Hexsel C. L.","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref39\/cit39","first-page":"213","volume":"9","author":"Zachariadis G. A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cent. Eur. J. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref40\/cit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2006.02.058","volume":"317","author":"Sakata Y.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"6","key":"ref41\/cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2011.03.003","volume":"159","author":"Botta C.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref42\/cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2008.08.004","volume":"156","author":"Kaegi R.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."}],"container-title":["Environmental Science &amp; Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/es204168d","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T04:19:29Z","timestamp":1681705169000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/es204168d"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,8]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,21]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/es204168d"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es204168d","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,8]]}}}