{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:17:12Z","timestamp":1791605832764,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]],"date-time":"2013-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378771200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]],"date-time":"2013-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378771200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]],"date-time":"2013-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378771200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Both reduction and surface adsorption of mercuric mercury [Hg(II)] are found to occur simultaneously on G. sulfurreducens PCA cells under dark, anaerobic conditions. Reduction of Hg(II) to elemental Hg(0) initially follows a pseudo-first order kinetics with a half-life of &amp;lt;2 h in the presence of 50 nM Hg(II) and 1011 cells L\u20131 in a phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Multiple gene deletions of the outer membrane cytochromes in this organism resulted in a decrease in reduction rate from \u223c0.3 to 0.05 h\u20131, and reduction was nearly absent with heat-killed cells or in the cell filtrate. Adsorption of Hg(II) by cells is found to compete with, and thus inhibit, Hg(II) reduction. Depending on the Hg to cell ratio, maximum Hg(II) reduction was observed at about 5 \u00d7 10\u201319 mol Hg cell\u20131, but reduction terminated at a low Hg to cell ratio (&amp;lt;10\u201320 mol Hg cell\u20131). This inhibitory effect is attributed to bonding between Hg(II) and the thiol (\u2212SH) functional groups on cells and validated by experiments in which the sorbed Hg(II) was readily exchanged by thiols (e.g., glutathione) but not by carboxylate compounds such as ethylenediamine-tetraacetate (EDTA). We suggest that coupled Hg(II)\u2013cell interactions, i.e., reduction and surface binding, could be important in controlling Hg species transformation and bioavailability and should therefore be considered in microbial Hg(II) uptake and methylation studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/es400527m","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]],"date-time":"2013-09-10T13:48:58Z","timestamp":1378820938000},"page":"10922-10930","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["Mercury Reduction and Cell-Surface Adsorption by\n                    <i>Geobacter sulfurreducens<\/i>\n                    PCA"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , Guangzhou , Guangdong , 510640 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory , , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37830 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory , , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37830 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory , , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37830 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balaji","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory , , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37830 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinbin","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , Guiyang , Guizhou 550002 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyuan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory , , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37830 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dwayne A.","family":"Elias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory , , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baohua","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory , , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37830 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-6445(03)00046-9","article-title":"Bacterial\nmercury resistance from\natoms to ecosystems","volume":"27","author":"Barkay","year":"2003","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3938","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02993-10","article-title":"Sulfate-reducing\nbacterium Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ND132 as a\nmodel for understanding\nbacterial mercury methylation","volume":"77","author":"Gilmour","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Environ.\nMicrobiol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1230667","article-title":"The genetic\nbasis for bacterial mercury\nmethylation","volume":"339","author":"Parks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2441","DOI":"10.1021\/es304370g","article-title":"Mechanisms\nregulating mercury bioavailability for methylating microorganisms\nin the aquatic environment: A critical review","volume":"47","author":"Hsu-Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7919","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01602-06","article-title":"Mercury methylation by dissimilatory iron-reducing\nbacteria","volume":"72","author":"Kerin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7693","DOI":"10.1021\/es2010072","article-title":"Methanogens:\nPrincipal methylators of mercury in lake periphyton","volume":"45","author":"Hamelin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4174","DOI":"10.1021\/es0600577","article-title":"Complexation\nof mercury(II) in soil organic matter: EXAFS evidence for linear two-coordination\nwith reduced sulfur groups","volume":"40","author":"Skyllberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1008747108","article-title":"Mercury reduction\nand complexation by natural organic\nmatter in anoxic environments","volume":"108","author":"Gu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad.\nSci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1021\/es203402p","article-title":"Mercury reduction\nand oxidation by\nreduced natural organic matter in anoxic environments","volume":"46","author":"Zheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3576","DOI":"10.1021\/es104207g","article-title":"Binding constants\nof mercury and dissolved organic matter determined by a modified ion\nexchange technique","volume":"45","author":"Dong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4058","DOI":"10.1021\/es0114005","article-title":"Mercury(II)\nsorption to two Florida Everglades peats: Evidence for strong and\nweak binding and competition by dissolved organic matter released\nfrom the peat","volume":"36","author":"Drexel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marchem.2004.03.015","article-title":"Application of multiple\nstable mercury isotopes to\ndetermine the adsorption and desorption dynamics of Hg(II) and MeHg\nto sediments","volume":"90","author":"Hintelmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mar. Chem."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-010-0500-3","article-title":"Effect of carboxylic\nand thiol ligands\n(oxalate, cysteine) on the kinetics of desorption of Hg(II) from kaolinite","volume":"215","author":"Senevirathna","year":"2011","journal-title":"Water, Air, Soil Pollut."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9597","DOI":"10.1021\/es201820c","article-title":"Binding of Hg(II)\nto high-affinity sites on bacteria inhibits reduction to Hg(0) by\nmixed Fe(II\/III) phases","volume":"45","author":"Mishra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/NGSO1894","article-title":"Oxidation and methylation\nof dissolved elemental mercury by anaerobic bacteria","author":"Hu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. 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Sci.\nTechnol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6690","DOI":"10.1021\/es061046g","article-title":"Novel reduction of mercury(II) by\nmercury-sensitive dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria","volume":"40","author":"Wiatrowski","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2004.49.6.2265","article-title":"Biological and photochemical production of dissolved\ngaseous mercury in a boreal lake","volume":"49","author":"Poulain","year":"2004","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1021\/es0262939","article-title":"Microbial\nmercury transformation\nin anoxic freshwater sediments under iron-reducing and other electron-accepting\nconditions","volume":"37","author":"Warner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(03)00545-9","article-title":"Reduction of Ag(I),\nAu(III), Cu(II), and Hg(II) by\nFe(II)\/Fe(III) hydroxysulfate green rust","volume":"53","author":"O\u2019Loughlin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00290916","article-title":"Geobacter-metallireducens gen. nov.\nsp. nov., a microorganism capable of coupling the complete\noxidation of organic compounds to the reduction of iron and other\nmetals","volume":"159","author":"Lovley","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2005.06.016","article-title":"Formation of dissolved gaseous mercury in a tropical lake (Petit-Saut\nreservoir, French Guiana)","volume":"364","author":"Peretyazhko","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2010.09.009","article-title":"History\nof mercury use and environmental contamination\nat the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant","volume":"159","author":"Brooks","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.3354\/ame01563","article-title":"Characterization\nof the Deltaproteobacteria in contaminated and uncontaminated\nstream sediments and identification of potential mercury methylators","volume":"66","author":"Mosher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aquat. Microb. Ecol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01715-10","article-title":"Mercury and other\nheavy metals influence bacterial community structure in contaminated\nTennessee streams","volume":"77","author":"Vishnivetskaya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo412","article-title":"High methylation\nrates of mercury bound to cysteine\nby Geobacter sulfurreducens","volume":"2","author":"Schaefer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Geosci."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8714","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1105781108","article-title":"Active\ntransport, substrate specificity, and methylation\nof Hg(II) in anaerobic bacteria","volume":"108","author":"Schaefer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl.\nAcad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.1021\/es203658f","article-title":"Dissolved organic matter enhances\nmicrobial mercury methylation under sulfidic conditions","volume":"46","author":"Graham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.1.51-58.2001","article-title":"Aspects of bioavailability of mercury\nfor methylation in pure cultures of Desulfobulbus propionicus","volume":"67","author":"Benoit","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2371","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02250-09","article-title":"Role of Geobacter sulfurreducens outer surface c-type cytochromes\nin reduction of soil humic acid and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate","volume":"76","author":"Voordeckers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-2920.1999.00009.x","article-title":"Humics\nas an electron donor for anaerobic respiration","volume":"1","author":"Lovley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4347(00)00560-0","article-title":"Determination of biological thiols\nby high-performance liquid chromatography following derivatization\nby ThioGlo maleimide reagents","volume":"753","author":"Ercal","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr.,\nB"},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9854","DOI":"10.1021\/es301381n","article-title":"Estimation\nof reactive thiol concentrations in dissolved organic matter and bacterial\ncell membranes in aquatic systems","volume":"46","author":"Joe-Wong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(03)00162-5","article-title":"Enhanced microbial\nreduction of Cr(VI) and U(VI) by different natural\norganic matter fractions","volume":"67","author":"Gu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim.\nActa"},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2009.05.004","article-title":"Selection\nof a variant of Geobacter sulfurreducens with enhanced\ncapacity for current\nproduction in microbial fuel cells","volume":"24","author":"Yi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biosens.\nBioelectron."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2472","DOI":"10.1021\/es991181b","article-title":"Potential for nonenzymatic\nreduction of Fe(III) via\nelectron shuttling in subsurface sediments","volume":"34","author":"Nevin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-5-41","article-title":"A novel Geobacteraceae-specific outer membrane protein J (OmpJ)\nis essential for electron transport to Fe (III) and Mn (IV) oxides\nin Geobacter sulfurreducens","volume":"5","author":"Afkar","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8634","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.12.8634-8641.2005","article-title":"Outer membrane c-type\ncytochromes required for Fe(III) and Mn(IV) oxide reduction in Geobacter sulfurreducens","volume":"71","author":"Mehta","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Environ.\nMicrobiol."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2007.00915.x","article-title":"Evidence that OmcB\nand OmpB of Geobacter sulfurreducens are outer membrane\nsurface proteins","volume":"277","author":"Qian","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1758-2229.2009.00035.x","article-title":"The roles of outer membrane cytochromes\nof Shewanella and Geobacter in extracellular\nelectron transfer","volume":"1","author":"Shi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol. Rep."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1038\/35011098","article-title":"A role for excreted\nquinones in extracellular electron\ntransfer","volume":"405","author":"Newman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3968","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0710525105","article-title":"Shewanella secretes\nflavins that mediate extracellular electron transfer","volume":"105","author":"Marsili","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15248","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1108616108","article-title":"Extracellular\nreduction of uranium via Geobacter conductive pili\nas a protective cellular mechanism","volume":"108","author":"Cologgi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl.\nAcad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1002\/elan.200800007","article-title":"Voltammetry and growth physiology of Geobacter\nsulfurreducens biofilms as a function of growth stage and\nimposed electrode potential","volume":"22","author":"Marsili","year":"2010","journal-title":"Electroanalysis"},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2282","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2010.07644.x","article-title":"Contribution\nof exofacial thiol groups in the reducing activity of Lactococcus\nlactis","volume":"277","author":"Michelon","year":"2010","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-0728(02)01145-2","article-title":"Studying thiol adsorption on Au,\nAg and Hg surfaces\nby potentiometric measurements","volume":"550","author":"Cohen-Atiya","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Electroanal.\nChem."},{"key":"2026081802113667400_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6950","DOI":"10.1021\/es203181m","article-title":"Methylation of mercury by bacteria exposed to dissolved,\nnanoparticulate, and microparticulate mercuric sulfides","volume":"46","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."}],"container-title":["Environmental\nScience &amp; Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/es400527m","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article-pdf\/47\/19\/10922\/8915758\/es400527m.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article-pdf\/47\/19\/10922\/8915758\/es400527m.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T08:55:50Z","timestamp":1787043350000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article\/47\/19\/10922\/850718\/Mercury-Reduction-and-Cell-Surface-Adsorption-by"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es400527m","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]]}}}