{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T17:23:46Z","timestamp":1791912226236,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":630,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000139","name":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25 RW-89-92332601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25 RW-89-92332601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000139","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006133","name":"Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE-SC000378"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-SC000378"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this work, we evaluate ambient ozone trends at urban, suburban, and rural monitoring sites across the United States over a period of decreasing NOx and VOC emissions (1998\u20132013). We find that decreasing ozone trends generally occur in the summer, in less urbanized areas, and at the upper end of the ozone distribution. Conversely, increasing ozone trends generally occur in the winter, in more urbanized areas, and at the lower end of the ozone distribution. The 95th percentile ozone concentrations decreased at urban, suburban, and rural monitors by 1\u20132 ppb\/yr in the summer and 0.5\u20131 ppb\/yr in the winter. In the summer, there are both increasing and decreasing trends in fifth percentile ozone concentrations of less than 0.5 ppb\/yr at urban and suburban monitors, while fifth percentile ozone concentrations at rural monitors decreased by up to 1 ppb\/yr. In the winter, fifth percentile ozone concentrations generally increased by 0.1\u20131 ppb\/yr. These results demonstrate the large scale success of U.S. control strategies targeted at decreasing peak ozone concentrations. In addition, they indicate that as anthropogenic NOx emissions have decreased, the ozone distribution has been compressed, leading to less spatial and temporal variability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/es504514z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]],"date-time":"2014-12-02T16:24:07Z","timestamp":1417537447000},"page":"186-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":378,"title":["Ozone Trends\nAcross the United States over a Period\nof Decreasing NOx and VOC Emissions"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Heather","family":"Simon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. EPA , , , ,","place":["Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States, 27711"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Reff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. EPA , , , ,","place":["Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States, 27711"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Wells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. EPA , , , ,","place":["Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States, 27711"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. EPA , , , ,","place":["Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States, 27711"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. EPA , , , ,","place":["Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States, 27711"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090200562115500_cit1","author":"U.S. EPA.","year":"2013"},{"key":"2026090200562115500_cit2","first-page":"1326","volume-title":"Atmospheric Chemistry\nand Physics from Air Pollution to Climate Change","author":"Seinfeld","year":"1998"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026090200562115500_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1016\/S1352-2310(02)00188-7","article-title":"Spectral analysis of weekday-weekend differences in\nambient ozone, nitrogen oxide, and non-methane hydrocarbon time series\nin California","volume":"36","author":"Marr","year":"2002","journal-title":"Atmos. 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Technol."},{"key":"2026090200562115500_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2008JD010090","article-title":"Regional ground-level\nozone trends in the context of meteorological influences across Canada\nand the eastern United States from 1997 to 2006","volume":"114","author":"Chan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos."},{"issue":"18","key":"2026090200562115500_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8629","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-10-8629-2010","article-title":"Baseline levels\nand trends of ground level ozone in\nCanada and the United States","volume":"10","author":"Chan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. 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