{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T22:16:24Z","timestamp":1788300984881,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,5]],"date-time":"2015-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1423094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_ccby_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005187","name":"U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRC-HQ-12-G-38-0044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRC-HQ-12-G-38-0044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005187","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25870158"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25870158"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In an unprecedented food monitoring campaign for radionuclides, the Japanese government took action to secure food safety after the Fukushima nuclear accident (Mar. 11, 2011). In this work we analyze a part of the immense data set, in particular radiocesium contaminations in food from the first year after the accident. Activity concentrations in vegetables peaked immediately after the campaign had commenced, but they decreased quickly, so that by early summer 2011 only a few samples exceeded the regulatory limits. Later, accumulating mushrooms and dried produce led to several exceedances of the limits again. Monitoring of meat started with significant delay, especially outside Fukushima prefecture. After a buildup period, contamination levels of meat peaked by July 2011 (beef). Levels then decreased quickly, but peaked again in September 2011, which was primarily due to boar meat (a known accumulator of radiocesium). Tap water was less contaminated; any restrictions for tap water were canceled by April 1, 2011. Pre-Fukushima 137Cs and 90Sr levels (resulting from atmospheric nuclear explosions) in food were typically lower than 0.5 Bq\/kg, whereby meat was typically higher in 137Cs and vegetarian produce was usually higher in 90Sr. The correlation of background radiostrontium and radiocesium indicated that the regulatory assumption after the Fukushima accident of a maximum activity of 90Sr being 10% of the respective 137Cs concentrations may soon be at risk, as the 90Sr\/137Cs ratio increases with time. This should be taken into account for the current Japanese food policy as the current regulation will soon underestimate the 90Sr content of Japanese foods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/es5057648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]],"date-time":"2015-01-26T12:28:32Z","timestamp":1422275312000},"page":"2875-2885","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["Analysis\nof Japanese Radionuclide Monitoring Data\nof Food Before and After the Fukushima Nuclear Accident"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Stefan","family":"Merz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vienna University of Technology , , Stadionallee 2 , ,","place":["Vienna, Austria, 1020"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsumi","family":"Shozugawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokyo , , , ,","place":["Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 153-8902"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Steinhauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorado State University , , , ,","place":["Fort Collins, Colorado, United States, 80523"]},{"name":"Fukushima University , , ,","place":["Fukushima, Japan, 960-1296"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-408132-1.00003-6","volume-title":"Fukushima Accident: Radioactivity\nImpact on the Environment","author":"Povinec","year":"2013"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090117570593500_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E914","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1315684111","article-title":"Radiation\ndose rates now and in the future for residents neighboring restricted\nareas of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant","volume":"111","author":"Harada","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.10.029","article-title":"Comparison\nof the Chernobyl and Fukushima\nnuclear accidents: A review of the environmental impacts","volume":"470\u2013471","author":"Steinhauser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090117570593500_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5481","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-10-5481-2013","article-title":"Cesium, iodine and tritium in NW Pacific waters\u2500A\ncomparison of the Fukushima impact with global fallout","volume":"10","author":"Povinec","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"issue":"49","key":"2026090117570593500_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19530","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1112058108","article-title":"Cesium-137 deposition and contamination\nof Japanese\nsoils due to the Fukushima nuclear accident","volume":"108","author":"Yasunari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"49","key":"2026090117570593500_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19526","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1111724108","article-title":"Assessment of individual\nradionuclide distributions from the Fukushima nuclear accident covering\ncentral-east Japan","volume":"108","author":"Kinoshita","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.\nS. A."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026090117570593500_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9612","DOI":"10.1021\/es401422g","article-title":"137Cs trapped by biomass\nwithin 20 km of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant","volume":"47","author":"Koizumi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2011.08.008","article-title":"Food safety regulations: what we\nlearned from the Fukushima nuclear\naccident","volume":"111","author":"Hamada","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Environ. Radioact."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090117570593500_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2520","DOI":"10.1021\/es304128t","article-title":"Dietary intake of radiocesium\nin\nadult residents in Fukushima prefecture and neighboring regions after\nthe Fukushima nuclear power plant accident: 24-h food-duplicate survey\nin December 2011","volume":"47","author":"Harada","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090117570593500_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1007\/s12199-011-0251-9","article-title":"Preliminary assessment\nof ecological exposure of adult\nresidents in Fukushima Prefecture to radioactive cesium through ingestion\nand inhalation","volume":"17","author":"Koizumi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Health Prev. Med."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2183\/pjab.89.157","article-title":"Internal radiocesium\ncontamination of adults and children\nin Fukushima 7 to 20 months after the Fukushima NPP accident as measured\nby extensive whole-body-counter survey","volume":"89","author":"Hayano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc.\nJpn. Acad., Ser. B"},{"issue":"18","key":"2026090117570593500_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10356","DOI":"10.1021\/es301997c","article-title":"Radiostrontium in the Western North\nPacific: Characteristics, behavior, and the Fukushima impact","volume":"46","author":"Povinec","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090117570593500_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0057760","article-title":"Concentration\nof strontium-90 at\nselected hot spots in Japan","volume":"8","author":"Steinhauser","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00304","article-title":"Isotopic evidence of\nplutonium release into the environment from\nthe Fukushima DNPP accident","volume":"2","author":"Zheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090117570593500_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3649","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-10-3649-2013","article-title":"90Sr and 89Sr in seawater off\nJapan as a consequence of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear accident","volume":"10","author":"Casacuberta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep02988","article-title":"Plutonium\nrelease from Fukushima Daiichi fosters the need for more detailed\ninvestigations","volume":"3","author":"Schneider","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1269\/jrr.5.116","article-title":"Radioactive\ncontamination of rice in Japan with reference to Sr-90 and Cs-137\ncontent in rice until 1962","volume":"39","author":"Kodaira","year":"1964","journal-title":"J. Radiat. Res."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit18","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare (MHLW).\n          \n          http:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/stf\/shingi\/2r9852000001yw1j-att\/2r9852000001yw6t.pdf (November 2014)."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090117570593500_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrs032","article-title":"Safety regulations of food and water\nimplemented in the first year following the Fukushima nuclear accident","volume":"53","author":"Hamada","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Radiat. Res."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit20","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare (MHLW).\n          \n          http:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/english\/topics\/2011eq\/index_food_radioactive.html (September 2014)."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090117570593500_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1021\/es3037498","article-title":"Anthropogenic radionuclides in Japanese\nfood: Environmental and legal implications","volume":"47","author":"Merz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit22","unstructured":"Ministry of Education Culture Sports Science and Technology (MEXT).\n          \n          http:\/\/www.mext.go.jp\/english\/incident\/1307831.htm (January 2015)."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit23","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare (MHLW).\n          \n          http:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/stf\/seisakunitsuite\/bunya\/topics\/bukyoku\/kenkou\/suido\/kentoukai\/houshasei_monitoring.html (January 2015)."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit24","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare (MHLW).\n          \n          http:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/english\/topics\/2011eq\/watersupply.html (January 2015)."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit25","unstructured":"Nuclear\nRegulation Authority Environmental Radioactivity Survey Report, http:\/\/www.nsr.go.jp\/english\/ (October 2014)."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090117570593500_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.3769\/radioisotopes.50.80","article-title":"90Sr and 137Cs contamination of polished rice in Japan. Survey and analysis\nduring\nthe years 1959\u20131995","volume":"50","author":"Komamura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Radioisotopes"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090117570593500_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.3769\/radioisotopes.51.345","article-title":"90Sr and 137Cs contamination of wheat produced in Japan. Survey and\nanalysis during the years 1959 through 1995 including the Chernobyl\naccident","volume":"51","author":"Komamura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Radioisotopes"},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit28","first-page":"11","article-title":"Translocation of radioactive cesium\nin tea nursery stocks and its distribution in the branches and trunks\nof the matured tea bush","volume":"115","author":"Shiraki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tea Res. J."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit29","first-page":"759","article-title":"Radionuclides\nand fungal communities","volume-title":"The Fungal Community","author":"Zhdanova","year":"2005","edition":"3"},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.12.083","article-title":"Radioactivity in mushrooms: A health hazard?","volume":"154","author":"Guille\u0301n","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit31","first-page":"1","article-title":"Radionuclides in some edible and\nmedicinal macrofungal species from Tara Mountain, Serbia","author":"Rakic\u0301","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2013.06.008","article-title":"Accumulation\nand distribution of 137Cs and 90Sr in the body\nof the wild boar (Sus scrofa) found on the territory\nwith radioactive contamination","volume":"127","author":"Gulakov","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Environ.\nRadioact."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090117570593500_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.2307\/3800651","article-title":"Lichen intake estimates for reindeer\nand caribou during winter","volume":"43","author":"Holleman","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Wildlife Manage."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026090117570593500_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11598","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-014-3143-x","article-title":"The effect of environmental\nremediation on the cesium-137 levels in white-tailed deer","volume":"21","author":"Rispoli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090117570593500_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-012-1140-5","article-title":"Artificial radioactivity\nin environmental media (air, rainwater, soil, vegetation) in Austria\nafter the Fukushima nuclear accident","volume":"20","author":"Steinhauser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090117570593500_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.5387\/fms.2014-11","article-title":"Radioactive substances in tap water","volume":"60","author":"Atsuumi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fukushima J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit37","first-page":"8","article-title":"Consequences of the\nJapanese earthquake 2011 and the Fukushima power plant accident on\nthe Japanese water environment including drinking water","volume":"345","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spec. Publ.\u2500R. Soc. Chem."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090117570593500_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.02.028","article-title":"Estimation of thyroid doses and health\nrisks resulting from the intake\nof radioactive iodine in foods and drinking water by the citizens\nof Tokyo after the Fukushima nuclear accident","volume":"87","author":"Murakami","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090117570593500_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.05.050","article-title":"Can we remove iodine-131 from tap water in Japan by\nboiling?\u2500Experimental testing in response to the Fukushima\nDaiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident","volume":"84","author":"Tagami","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2011.12.016","article-title":"Radioactivity\nfrom Fukushima Dai-ichi\nin air over Europe; part 2: What can it tell us about the accident?","volume":"114","author":"Kirchner","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Environ. Radioact."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090117570593500_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5433","DOI":"10.1021\/es500403h","article-title":"Isotopic ratio of 135Cs\/137Cs as a new tracer of radiocesium released\nfrom the Fukushima nuclear accident","volume":"48","author":"Zheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"issue":"14","key":"2026090117570593500_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7103","DOI":"10.1021\/ac501712m","article-title":"Determination of 135Cs and 135Cs\/137Cs atomic ratio in environmental samples by combining ammonium molybdophosphate\n(AMP)-selective Cs adsorption and ion-exchange chromatographic separation\nto triple-quadrupole inductively coupled plasma\u2013mass spectrometry","volume":"86","author":"Zheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090117570593500_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ja50291k","article-title":"Determination of radioactive cesium isotope ratios\nby triple quadrupole ICP-MS and its application to rainwater following\nthe Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident","volume":"29","author":"Ohno","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Anal. At. Spectrom."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090117570593500_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1080\/00223131.2014.891954","article-title":"Analysis of\ncesium isotope compositions in environmental samples by thermal ionization\nmass spectrometry\u25001. A preliminary study for source analysis\nof radioactive contamination in Fukushima prefecture","volume":"51","author":"Shibahara","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4649","DOI":"10.1021\/es405654c","article-title":"Fukushima\u2019s\nforgotten radionuclides: A review of the understudied radioactive\nemissions","volume":"48","author":"Steinhauser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8621","DOI":"10.1021\/es300556m","article-title":"Analysis\nof a nuclear accident: Fission\nand activation product releases from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear\nfacility as remote indicators of source identification, extent of\nrelease, and state of damaged spent nuclear fuel","volume":"46","author":"Schwantes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090117570593500_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0265-931X(88)90056-2","article-title":"Radioactivity in surface\nair and precipitation in Japan after the Chernobyl accident","volume":"6","author":"Higuchi","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Environ. Radioact."},{"key":"2026090117570593500_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.3390\/nu5072276","article-title":"Assessment of daily food and nutrient\nintake in Japanese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using Dietary\nReference Intakes","volume":"5","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"26","key":"2026090117570593500_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10670","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1221834110","article-title":"Evaluation of radiation doses and\nassociated risk from\nthe Fukushima nuclear accident to marine biota and human consumers\nof seafood","volume":"110","author":"Fisher","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"16","key":"2026090117570593500_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5984","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1120794109","article-title":"Fukushima-derived\nradionuclides in\nthe ocean and biota off Japan","volume":"109","author":"Buesseler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad.\nSci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090117570593500_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4739","DOI":"10.1021\/es500129b","article-title":"Trace levels of\nFukushima disaster radionuclides in East Pacific albacore","volume":"48","author":"Neville","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."}],"container-title":["Environmental Science &amp; Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/es5057648","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article-pdf\/49\/5\/2875\/15740402\/es5057648.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article-pdf\/49\/5\/2875\/15740402\/es5057648.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T21:57:39Z","timestamp":1788299859000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article\/49\/5\/2875\/1480068\/Analysis-of-Japanese-Radionuclide-Monitoring-Data"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es5057648","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]]}}}