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Herein we report three new second-generation molecular motors featuring a phosphorus center in the lower half, which engenders a unique element of axial chirality. These motors exhibit unusual behavior, in that all four diastereomeric states can interconvert solely photochemically. Kinetic analysis and modeling reveal that the behavior of the new motors is consistent with all-photochemical unidirectional rotation. Furthermore, X-ray crystal structures of all four diastereomeric states of two of these new motors were obtained, which constitute the first achievements of crystallographic characterization of the full 360\u00b0 rotational cycle of overcrowded-alkene-based molecular motors. Finally, the axial phosphorus stereoelement in the phosphine motor can be thermally inverted, and this epimerization enables a \u201cshortcut\u201d of the traditional rotational cycle of these compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c08249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T18:48:35Z","timestamp":1599677315000},"page":"16868-16876","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["All-Photochemical Rotation\nof Molecular Motors with\na Phosphorus Stereoelement"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"Gregory B.","family":"Boursalian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Groningen , , Nijenborgh 4 , ,","place":["Groningen, The Netherlands, 9747 AG"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eise R.","family":"Nijboer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Groningen , , Nijenborgh 4 , ,","place":["Groningen, The Netherlands, 9747 AG"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8617-8648","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ruth","family":"Dorel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Groningen , , Nijenborgh 4 , ,","place":["Groningen, The Netherlands, 9747 AG"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8461-3909","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lukas","family":"Pfeifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Groningen , , Nijenborgh 4 , ,","place":["Groningen, The Netherlands, 9747 AG"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9706-5323","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Omer","family":"Markovitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Groningen , , Nijenborgh 4 , ,","place":["Groningen, The Netherlands, 9747 AG"]},{"name":"University of Groningen , , Nijenborgh 7 , ,","place":["Groningen, The Netherlands, 9747 AG"]},{"name":"Origins Center , Nijenborgh 7 , ,","place":["Groningen, The Netherlands, 9747 AG"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Blokhuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Groningen , , Nijenborgh 4 , ,","place":["Groningen, The Netherlands, 9747 AG"]},{"name":"University of Groningen , , Nijenborgh 7 , ,","place":["Groningen, The Netherlands, 9747 AG"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0588-8435","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ben L.","family":"Feringa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Groningen , , Nijenborgh 4 , ,","place":["Groningen, The Netherlands, 9747 AG"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090121140489700_cit1a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.9b00288","article-title":"Design of\ncollective motions from synthetic molecular switches, rotors, and\nmotors","volume":"120","author":"Dattler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. 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