{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T21:57:52Z","timestamp":1791496672193,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000165","name":"Division of Chemistry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1955456"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1955456"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000165","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000921","name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA21101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA21101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Am. Chem. Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6c01756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:55:27Z","timestamp":1771980927000},"page":"10241-10256","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Probing Terra Incognita of Ni\u2013P Catalysts:\n                    <i>Operando<\/i>\n                    Explorations during Hydrogen Evolution Reaction"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Seongyoung","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Iowa State University","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Ames National Laboratory","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Energy","place":["Ames, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5346-7382","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ernesto","family":"Soto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Iowa State University","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Ames National Laboratory","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Energy","place":["Ames, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3631-0559","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jiyun","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource","place":["Menlo Park, United States"]},{"name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","place":["Menlo Park, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource","place":["Menlo Park, United States"]},{"name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","place":["Menlo Park, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource","place":["Menlo Park, United States"]},{"name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","place":["Menlo Park, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9584-0808","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vladimir","family":"Roddatis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam D-14473, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oleg I.","family":"Lebedev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire CRISMAT ENSICAEN, CNRS UMR 6508, 6 Boulevard du Mar\u00e9chal Juin, Caen F-14050 , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9915-6982","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Weiran","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry","place":["Shantou, P.R. China"]},{"name":"Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology","place":["Shantou, P.R. China"]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion","place":["Shantou, P.R. China"]},{"name":"Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology","place":["Shantou, P.R. China"]},{"name":"Technion-Israel Institute of Technology","place":["Haifa, Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Humphrey W.","family":"Odhiambo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ames National Laboratory","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Energy","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Materials Science & Engineering","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Iowa State University","place":["Ames, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nakyung","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ames National Laboratory","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Energy","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Materials Science & Engineering","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Iowa State University","place":["Ames, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek","family":"Upadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Iowa State University","place":["Ames, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia C. M.","family":"Spera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL)","place":["Braga, Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhruv","family":"Raturi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ames National Laboratory","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Energy","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Materials Science & Engineering","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Iowa State University","place":["Ames, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashant","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ames National Laboratory","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Energy","place":["Ames, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaoyuan","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ames National Laboratory","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Energy","place":["Ames, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6508-4896","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fernando D.","family":"Vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics","place":["Seattle, United States"]},{"name":"University of Washington","place":["Seattle, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4932-0342","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simon R.","family":"Bare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource","place":["Menlo Park, United States"]},{"name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","place":["Menlo Park, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7493-1762","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yury V.","family":"Kolen\u2019ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL)","place":["Braga, Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duane D.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ames National Laboratory","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Energy","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Materials Science & Engineering","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Iowa State University","place":["Ames, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1152-1912","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kirill","family":"Kovnir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Iowa State University","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"Ames National Laboratory","place":["Ames, United States"]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Energy","place":["Ames, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2014.12.035"},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad4998"},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5TA02974K"},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3313"},{"key":"ref5\/cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1595\/205651321X16067419458185"},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.3c00712"},{"key":"ref7\/cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.201700395"},{"key":"ref8\/cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0EE01706J"},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202001194"},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.0c04789"},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.201700083"},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fenrg.2018.00066"},{"key":"ref13\/cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.141939"},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ente.202200788"},{"key":"ref15\/cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201806620"},{"key":"ref16\/cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpca.0c09047"},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.1c00078"},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c08182"},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c00467"},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05540-0"},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf1525"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202103383"},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-020-00709-1"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1EE02249K"},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3EE01856C"},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202114899"},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41929-018-0203-5"},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.9b00382"},{"key":"ref29\/cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.8b03446"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201705322"},{"key":"ref31\/cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp044301x"},{"key":"ref32\/cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja0540019"},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.7b04466"},{"key":"ref34\/cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CP06143B"},{"key":"ref35\/cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.7b02761"},{"key":"ref36\/cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.3c00460"},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b07606"},{"key":"ref38\/cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultramic.2020.113116"},{"key":"ref39\/cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17904-z"},{"key":"ref40\/cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4481"},{"key":"ref41\/cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-019-0277-x"},{"key":"ref42\/cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17231-3"},{"key":"ref43\/cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202007245"},{"key":"ref44\/cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-14848-2"},{"key":"ref45\/cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CP07423B"},{"key":"ref46\/cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c10017"},{"key":"ref47\/cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0909049505012719"},{"key":"ref48\/cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21057"},{"key":"ref49\/cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/6\/40\/015"},{"key":"ref50\/cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.77.3865"},{"key":"ref51\/cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.13.5188"},{"key":"ref52\/cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.87.235110"},{"key":"ref53\/cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/26\/41\/416001"},{"key":"ref54\/cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S160057671900997X"},{"key":"ref55\/cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jctc.7b01175"},{"key":"ref56\/cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2021.108033"},{"key":"ref57\/cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2017.08.172"},{"key":"ref58\/cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.5c04802"},{"key":"ref59\/cit59","unstructured":"Rauri, D.\n                      Realizing Platinum-free catalysts for hydrogen production through modular, reliable, and efficient models of surfaces and chemical disorder\n                      . Ph.D. Dissertation; Lowa State University, 2025."},{"key":"ref60\/cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.76.195116"},{"key":"ref61\/cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA00437D"},{"key":"ref62\/cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.2c06427"},{"key":"ref63\/cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.6b01437"},{"key":"ref64\/cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcat.2015.03.012"},{"key":"ref65\/cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b00947"},{"key":"ref66\/cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0CS00575D"},{"key":"ref67\/cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2NR04053K"},{"key":"ref68\/cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6TA03028A"},{"key":"ref69\/cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4TA03468F"},{"key":"ref70\/cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1038\/1\/012108"},{"key":"ref71\/cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202002280"},{"key":"ref72\/cit72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202402640"},{"key":"ref73\/cit73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201501758"},{"key":"ref74\/cit74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9NA00391F"},{"key":"ref75\/cit75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S2052252519005128"},{"key":"ref76\/cit76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic00005a010"},{"key":"ref77\/cit77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b13228"},{"key":"ref78\/cit78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49015-4"},{"key":"ref79\/cit79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-024-02080-y"},{"key":"ref80\/cit80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.2086450"},{"key":"ref81\/cit81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1EE01487K"},{"key":"ref82\/cit82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-1425(97)00040-1"},{"key":"ref83\/cit83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.8b01511"},{"key":"ref84\/cit84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja0519031"},{"key":"ref85\/cit85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0SC00676A"},{"key":"ref86\/cit86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202011318"},{"key":"ref87\/cit87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2019.118156"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Chemical Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/jacs.6c01756","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/jacs.6c01756","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T08:29:50Z","timestamp":1773217790000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/jacs.6c01756"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/jacs.6c01756"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jacs.6c01756","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-7863","1520-5126"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-7863","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5126","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]}}}