{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T14:07:08Z","timestamp":1789567628773,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"36","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000072","name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T90DE030860"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T90DE030860"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32GM145388"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32GM145388"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","award":["R01AI161828"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI161828"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","award":["R35GM145286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R35GM145286"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Iron is an essential micronutrient for nearly all forms of life, including pathogenic microbes that must acquire it from their host during infection. At the host\u2013pathogen interface, humans restrict microbial access to iron through nutritional immunity, which many pathogens overcome by secreting hemophores that scavenge extracellular heme (iron protoporphyrin IX). However, identifying hemophores and other ligand-binding proteoforms in complex proteomes remains challenging using conventional peptide-based bottom-up mass spectrometry (MS). Here, we introduce ProteoMIX (Proteome Analysis by Mixing), a function-based native top-down proteomics workflow that combines slow-mixing mode native MS with charge reduction to identify ligand-binding proteoforms directly from complex mixtures. Applying ProteoMIX to the Corynebacterium diphtheriae exoproteome identified ChtA30\u2013314, an abundant soluble hemophore generated by proteolytic processing of the surface-exposed ChtA heme receptor. Using native top-down MS sequencing, cell fractionation, and gene deletion, we show that the protease DIP2069 releases ChtA30\u2013314 by removing ChtA\u2019s transmembrane helix, producing a soluble proteoform that delivers heme to support microbial growth. In contrast, the related paralog ChtC is not processed, enabling C. diphtheriae to generate localization-specific heme-binding proteoforms from related gene products. Extending this approach to Staphylococcus aureus, ProteoMIX also revealed soluble IsdA hemophores that coexist with surface-anchored variants, demonstrating the generality of the method and suggesting that protease-mediated hemophore release may operate across Gram-positive pathogens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6c04584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T13:09:22Z","timestamp":1788440962000},"page":"38641-38653","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Native Proteomics Reveals\nProtease-Mediated Hemophore\nRelease by Bacterial Pathogens"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Andrew K.","family":"Goring","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California , , Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East , , ,","place":["Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsey R.","family":"Lyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food and Drug Administration , , , ,","place":["Silver Spring, Maryland, United States, 20903"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California , , Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East , , ,","place":["Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thermo Fisher Scientific , 355 River Oaks Pkwy , , ,","place":["San Jose, California, United States, 95134"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Mullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thermo Fisher Scientific , 355 River Oaks Pkwy , , ,","place":["San Jose, California, United States, 95134"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael D.","family":"Melani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thermo Fisher Scientific , 355 River Oaks Pkwy , , ,","place":["San Jose, California, United States, 95134"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael P.","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food and Drug Administration , , , ,","place":["Silver Spring, Maryland, United States, 20903"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5718-3985","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Robert T.","family":"Clubb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California , , Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East , , ,","place":["Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095"]},{"name":"University of California , , Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East , , ,","place":["Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095"]},{"name":"University of California , , Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East , , ,","place":["Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9989-1437","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Loo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California , , Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East , , ,","place":["Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095"]},{"name":"University of California , , Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East , , ,","place":["Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095"]},{"name":"University of California , , Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East , , ,","place":["Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2026091609112364200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.04.010","article-title":"Iron in Infection and Immunity","volume":"13","author":"Cassat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Host & Microbe"},{"key":"2026091609112364200_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00745-6","article-title":"Nutritional Immunity:\nThe Battle for Nutrient Metals\nat the Host\u2013Pathogen Interface","volume":"20","author":"Murdoch","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat.\nRev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026091609112364200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2836","article-title":"Nutritional Immunity: Transition\nMetals at the Pathogen\u2013Host\nInterface","volume":"10","author":"Hood","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026091609112364200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.VMBF-0010-20","article-title":"Iron Acquisition\nStrategies of Bacterial Pathogens","volume":"4","author":"Sheldon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiol.\nSpectr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026091609112364200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0284-4","article-title":"Bacterial Siderophores in Community\nand Host Interactions","volume":"18","author":"Kramer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"44","key":"2026091609112364200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21980","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1913991116","article-title":"Staphylococcus Aureus Exhibits Heterogeneous Siderophore\nProduction within the Vertebrate Host","volume":"116","author":"Perry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc.\nNatl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091609112364200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.58.030603.123811","article-title":"Bacterial\nIron Sources: From Siderophores to Hemophores","volume":"58","author":"Wandersman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026091609112364200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2020.08.001","article-title":"Molecular\nEvolution of Transition Metal Bioavailability at the Host\u2013Pathogen\nInterface","volume":"29","author":"Antelo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026091609112364200_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3503","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00602-13","article-title":"Sequestration\nand Scavenging of Iron\nin Infection","volume":"81","author":"Parrow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"2026091609112364200_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-006-9050-y","article-title":"Heme Acquisition by\nHemophores","volume":"20","author":"Cescau","year":"2007","journal-title":"BioMetals"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091609112364200_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00509-4","article-title":"Siderophore\nCheating and Cheating Resistance Shape Competition for Iron in Soil\nand Freshwater Pseudomonas Communities","volume":"8","author":"Butaite\u0307","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat.\nCommun."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2026091609112364200_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.05.023","article-title":"The Ins and Outs\nof Siderophore Mediated\nIron Uptake by Extra-Intestinal Pathogenic Escherichia Coli","volume":"153","author":"Gare\u0301naux","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026091609112364200_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.892485","article-title":"Editorial: Microbial Siderophores: Biosynthesis, Regulation,\nand\nPhysiological and Ecological Impacts","volume":"13","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front.\nMicrobiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026091609112364200_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-015-9821-4","article-title":"The Fate of Siderophores: Antagonistic\nEnvironmental Interactions in Exudate-Mediated Micronutrient Uptake","volume":"28","author":"Harrington","year":"2015","journal-title":"BioMetals"},{"issue":"150","key":"2026091609112364200_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2018.0674","article-title":"Why Microbes Secrete\nMolecules to\nModify Their Environment: The Case of Iron-Chelating Siderophores","volume":"16","author":"Leventhal","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Interface."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026091609112364200_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.04593-22","article-title":"Interplay between Porphyromonas\nGingivalis Hemophore-Like Protein HmuY and Kgp\/RgpA Gingipains Plays\na Superior Role in Heme Supply","volume":"11","author":"S\u0301miga","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectrum"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091609112364200_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26545-9","article-title":"A Slam-Dependent\nHemophore Contributes to Heme Acquisition in the Bacterial Pathogen\nAcinetobacter Baumannii","volume":"12","author":"Bateman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026091609112364200_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000132","article-title":"Bacillus Anthracis Secretes Proteins\nThat Mediate Heme Acquisition from Hemoglobin","volume":"4","author":"Maresso","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026091609112364200_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2015.09.001","article-title":"Buried Treasure: Evolutionary Perspectives\non Microbial\nIron Piracy","volume":"31","author":"Barber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Genet."},{"issue":"50","key":"2026091609112364200_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34886","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.583013","article-title":"Novel Mechanism\nof Hemin Capture by Hbp2, the Hemoglobin-Binding Hemophore from Listeria\nMonocytogenes","volume":"289","author":"Malmirchegini","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026091609112364200_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2852","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00244-13","article-title":"Analysis of Novel Iron-Regulated,\nSurface-Anchored Hemin-Binding Proteins in Corynebacterium Diphtheriae","volume":"195","author":"Allen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091609112364200_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2411833122","article-title":"Molecular Basis\nof Hemoglobin Binding and Heme Removal in Corynebacterium Diphtheriae","volume":"122","author":"Mahoney","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad.\nSci. U.S.A."},{"issue":"5608","key":"2026091609112364200_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1081147","article-title":"Passage of Heme-Iron\nAcross the Envelope of Staphylococcus Aureus","volume":"299","author":"Mazmanian","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"13","key":"2026091609112364200_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3503","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00054-10","article-title":"Bacillus Anthracis S-Layer\nHomology Protein That Binds Heme and Mediates Heme Delivery to IsdC","volume":"192","author":"Tarlovsky","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091609112364200_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07667.x","article-title":"Sortase\nIndependent and Dependent Systems for Acquisition of Haem and Haemoglobin\nin Listeria Monocytogenes","volume":"80","author":"Xiao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026091609112364200_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00221","article-title":"Tracking Proteins Secreted by Bacteria:\nWhat\u2019s in the Toolbox?","volume":"7","author":"Maffei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Cell.\nInfect. Microbiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026091609112364200_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124630","article-title":"Chlamydia Trachomatis\nInfection Leads\nto Defined Alterations to the Lipid Droplet Proteome in Epithelial\nCells","volume":"10","author":"Saka","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026091609112364200_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00055","article-title":"Bioinformatic and\nMass Spectrometry Identification of Anaplasma Phagocytophilum Proteins\nTranslocated into Host Cell Nuclei","volume":"6","author":"Sinclair","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091609112364200_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.4c00443","article-title":"The Exoproteome and Surfaceome of Toxigenic Corynebacterium Diphtheriae 1737 and Its Response\nto Iron Restriction and Growth on Human Hemoglobin","volume":"24","author":"Goring","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091609112364200_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12826-x","article-title":"A Secreted\nMetal-Binding Protein Protects Necrotrophic Phytopathogens from Reactive\nOxygen Species","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091609112364200_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2019.10.004","article-title":"An RNA-Binding Protein\nSecreted by a Bacterial Pathogen\nModulates RIG-I Signaling","volume":"26","author":"Pagliuso","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"Supplement_1","key":"2026091609112364200_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S116","DOI":"10.1086\/315551","article-title":"The Pathology of Diphtheria","volume":"181","author":"Hadfield","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026091609112364200_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2638","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01784-08","article-title":"HtaA Is an Iron-Regulated Hemin Binding Protein Involved\nin the Utilization of Heme Iron in Corynebacterium Diphtheriae","volume":"191","author":"Allen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026091609112364200_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5374","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.05508-11","article-title":"Novel Hemin Binding\nDomains in the Corynebacterium Diphtheriae HtaA Protein Interact with Hemoglobin\nand Are Critical for Heme Iron Utilization by HtaA","volume":"193","author":"Allen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026091609112364200_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.02413-14","article-title":"Utilization of Host\nIron Sources by Corynebacterium Diphtheriae: Multiple Hemoglobin-Binding\nProteins Are Essential for the Use of Iron from the Hemoglobin-Haptoglobin\nComplex","volume":"197","author":"Allen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"92","key":"2026091609112364200_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13864","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CC07369H","article-title":"Structural\nBasis for the Heme Transfer Reaction in Heme Uptake Machinery\nfrom Corynebacteria","volume":"55","author":"Muraki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026091609112364200_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00676-17","article-title":"Corynebacterium Diphtheriae Iron-Regulated Surface\nProtein HbpA Is Involved in the Utilization\nof the Hemoglobin-Haptoglobin Complex as an Iron Source","volume":"200","author":"Lyman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026091609112364200_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00349-22","article-title":"Analysis of the\nHbpA Protein from Corynebacterium Diphtheriae Clinical Isolates and Identification of a Putative Hemoglobin-Binding\nSite on HbpA","volume":"204","author":"Lyman","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091609112364200_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-024-00318-2","article-title":"Top-down Proteomics","volume":"4","author":"Roberts","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Methods Primers"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026091609112364200_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.2c00215","article-title":"Quantifying\nBiomolecular Interactions Using\nSlow Mixing Mode (SLOMO) Nanoflow ESI-MS","volume":"8","author":"Bui","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS\nCent. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091609112364200_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47693-8","article-title":"Exposing the Molecular\nHeterogeneity of Glycosylated Biotherapeutics","volume":"15","author":"Schachner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026091609112364200_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7269","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.1c00212","article-title":"High-Resolution\nNative Mass Spectrometry","volume":"122","author":"Tamara","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026091609112364200_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15732","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b03925","article-title":"Proton Transfer\nCharge Reduction Enables High-Throughput Top-Down Analysis of Large\nProteoforms","volume":"91","author":"Huguet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026091609112364200_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.4c00462","article-title":"To 200,000 m\/z and Beyond: Native Electron Capture Charge Reduction Mass\nSpectrometry Deconvolves Heterogeneous Signals in Large Biopharmaceutical\nAnalytes","volume":"10","author":"Le Huray","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Cent. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026091609112364200_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4370","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5b00140","article-title":"Bayesian Deconvolution\nof Mass and Ion Mobility Spectra:\nFrom Binary Interactions to Polydisperse Ensembles","volume":"87","author":"Marty","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026091609112364200_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-021-01156-3","article-title":"SignalP 6.0 Predicts All Five Types\nof Signal Peptides Using Protein Language Models","volume":"40","author":"Teufel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2026091609112364200_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2025.110633","article-title":"Structural\nBasis of Heme Scavenging by the ChtA and HtaA Hemophores in Corynebacterium Diphtheriae","volume":"301","author":"Ford","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2026091609112364200_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0685-7_4","article-title":"GeLC-MS\/MS\nAnalysis of Complex Protein Mixtures","volume-title":"Shotgun\nProteomics: Methods and Protocols","author":"Dzieciatkowska","year":"2014"},{"key":"2026091609112364200_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00196-21","article-title":"The Corynebacterium Diphtheriae HbpA Hemoglobin-Binding Protein Contains\na Domain That Is Critical for Hemoprotein-Binding, Cellular Localization\nand Function","volume":"203","author":"Lyman","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091609112364200_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.757","article-title":"Signal Peptidase I: Cleaving the\nWay to Mature Proteins","volume":"21","author":"Auclair","year":"2012","journal-title":"Protein Sci."},{"key":"2026091609112364200_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.607679","article-title":"NEAr Transporter (NEAT) Domains:\nUnique Surface Displayed Heme Chaperones That Enable Gram-Positive\nBacteria to Capture Heme-Iron From Hemoglobin","volume":"11","author":"Ellis-Guardiola","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026091609112364200_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3384","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.8b00288","article-title":"Label-Free\nProteomic Approach to Characterize Protease-Dependent and -Independent\nEffects of sarA Inactivation on the Staphylococcus Aureus Exoproteome","volume":"17","author":"Byrum","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026091609112364200_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2664","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00362-11","article-title":"Cutaneous\nDiphtheria in the Urban\nPoor Population of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada: A 10-Year\nReview","volume":"49","author":"Lowe","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026091609112364200_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2023.1113762","article-title":"Perspective:\nStructure Determination\nof Protein-Ligand Complexes at Room Temperature Using X-Ray Diffraction\nApproaches","volume":"10","author":"Hough","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026091609112364200_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.3c00294","article-title":"Absolute Affinities\nfrom Quantitative\nShotgun Glycomics Using Concentration-Independent (COIN) Native Mass\nSpectrometry","volume":"9","author":"Bui","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Cent. Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026091609112364200_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2502","DOI":"10.1021\/jasms.5c00244","article-title":"Going with\nthe Flow: Mechanistic Insights into Slow Mixing Mode Native Mass Spectrometry","volume":"36","author":"Dhillon","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. 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