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Here, we confine aqueous solutions and air within \u223c50 nm-diameter multiwalled carbon nanotubes to stabilize nanoscale air\u2013water interfaces for three-dimensional transmission electron microscopy. Reconstructed multiphase structures reveal \u223c10 nm gas domains separated from the nanotube walls by ultrathin water films spanning molecular to nanometer thicknesses. Curvature analysis yields Laplace and disjoining pressure distributions indicating a repulsive pressure of \u223c10 MPa that prevents film collapse. This repulsion is consistent with an interfacial electric field on the order of several volts per nanometer, primarily associated with oriented water dipoles and potentially enhanced by the electric double layer. Consistent with this inferred field strength, the reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) to gold nanoparticles occurs exclusively within \u223c2 nm of the interface. These results provide evidence for intense, spatially confined electric fields at air\u2013water interfaces through the combined observations of strong non-Derjaguin\u2013Landau\u2013Verwey\u2013Overbeek repulsive pressures and localized interfacial Au reduction and establish their fundamental role in nanoscale interfacial chemistry across chemical, environmental, and energy-relevant systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6c08580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T13:39:23Z","timestamp":1784036363000},"page":"30689-30696","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["3D Electron Microscopy\nReveals Evidence for Strong\nElectric Fields at Nanoconfined Air\u2013Water Interfaces"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Ryota","family":"Saito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University , , 744 Motooka , ,","place":["Fukuoka, Japan, 819-0395"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruka","family":"Tsuruda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University , , 744 Motooka , ,","place":["Fukuoka, Japan, 819-0395"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenghui","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Nankai University , , , ,","place":["Tianjin, China, 300071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianze","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Nankai University , , , ,","place":["Tianjin, China, 300071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6093-5324","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xuehua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alberta , , 9211 116 Street NW , , ,","place":["Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 1H9"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3552-9292","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Koji","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University , , 744 Motooka , ,","place":["Fukuoka, Japan, 819-0395"]},{"name":"International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , ,","place":["Fukuoka, Japan, 819-0395"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5266-4253","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Richard N.","family":"Zare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University , , , ,","place":["Stanford, California, United States, 94305"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5884-2727","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xinxing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Nankai University , , , ,","place":["Tianjin, China, 300071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1388-7686","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qin-Yi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University , , 744 Motooka , ,","place":["Fukuoka, Japan, 819-0395"]},{"name":"International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , ,","place":["Fukuoka, Japan, 819-0395"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026073109204973600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1039\/D5CS00778J","article-title":"Electric fields at hydrophobic water interfaces: spectroscopic evidence,\nphysical origin, and implications on reactivity","volume":"55","author":"Chan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem. 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