{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:56:42Z","timestamp":1792598202819,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"41","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22574002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22574002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22574046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22574046"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005238","name":"State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SKLEAC202103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKLEAC202103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005238","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003995","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2508085MB039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2508085MB039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003995","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Anhui Province","award":["2022AH030100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022AH030100"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Conventional photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems typically rely on static semiconductor interfaces that merely translate biomolecular recognition into amplitude modulation of the pre-existing photocurrent, thus limiting their analytical robustness and self-validation capabilities. Herein, we report in situ ion-exchange-mediated dynamic nanointerface engineering to fabricate an analyte-programmed reconfigurable PEC\u2013photothermal (PT) dual-mode biosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) assay. The Z-scheme heterostructure of a plasmonic Au nanoparticle (NP) layer-supported BiOI\/AgI\/indium tin oxide glass (BiOI\/AgI\/Au NPs\/ITO) is constructed as the initial photoelectrode. In the sensing process, a CEA recognition event directly reshapes the phase composition of BiOI\/AgI, charge-transfer behavior, and photoresponse polarity. The synergistic integration of the BiOI\/AgI heterostructure and the close-packed layer of plasmonic Au NPs substantially enhance the light absorption, charge separation, and interfacial charge transfer, making BiOI\/AgI\/Au NPs\/ITO a highly suitable photoelectrode for the PEC mode of the PEC\u2013PT biosensor. This analyte-driven phase evolution reconstructs the semiconductor composition, band alignment, and charge-transfer pathways to switch the photocurrent polarity from cathodic to anodic. In addition, a photothermal imaging mode of the PEC\u2013PT biosensor is triggered by regulating the Bi2S3 formation for intrinsic cross-validation. By integrating an artificial neural network (ANN)-assisted analysis, PEC\u2013PT biosensors enable robust multimodal quantification and improved analytical reliability, achieving &amp;gt; 99.8% prediction accuracy in real-sample analysis. This is the first example of integrating a dynamic nanointerface-driven PEC\u2013PT dual-mode biosensor with artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced multimodal analysis for CEA detection and provides a dynamic nanointerface-driven strategy for intelligent multimode biosensing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6c18273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T06:02:10Z","timestamp":1791784930000},"page":"45235-45244","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Situ Ion-Exchange-Mediated\nDynamic Nanointerface\nReconfiguration for Polarity-Switchable Photoelectrochemical\u2013Photothermal\nBiosensing"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Hao","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Polytechnic University , , ,","place":["Wuhu, China, 241000"]},{"name":"Hunan University , , , ,","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China, 410082"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan University , , , ,","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China, 410082"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Western Australia , , , Western Australia ,","place":["Perth, Australia, 6009"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7610-9833","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chuanping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Polytechnic University , , ,","place":["Wuhu, China, 241000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2583-7133","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ren","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan University , , , ,","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China, 410082"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8066-1524","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Weihong","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan University , , , ,","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China, 410082"]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , , ,","place":["Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310022"]},{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200240"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2026102111091401400_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2025.102821","article-title":"Oxygen reduction active-site\nregulation enables reverse photocurrent\nin photoelectrochemical sensing","volume":"12","author":"Qin","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026102111091401400_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-026-68359-7","article-title":"Reversible bismuth reduction-driven dark photoelectrochemistry","volume":"17","author":"Qin","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026102111091401400_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2410546","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202410546","article-title":"Flexible Ti3C2Tx MXene regulated\nphotoelectrochemical sensing platform for sensitive monitoring of\ndopamine","volume":"34","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"15","key":"2026102111091401400_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7421","DOI":"10.1021\/cr500100j","article-title":"Photoelectrochemical DNA biosensors","volume":"114","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026102111091401400_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2019.03.018","article-title":"Perspective on signal amplification strategies and\nsensing protocols in photoelectrochemical immunoassay","volume":"391","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026102111091401400_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat1734","article-title":"All-solid-state\nZ-scheme in CdS\u2013Au\u2013TiO2 three-component nanojunction\nsystem","volume":"5","author":"Tada","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026102111091401400_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-022-01249-7","article-title":"Porosity-based heterojunctions enable\nleadless optoelectronic modulation of tissues","volume":"21","author":"Prominski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"issue":"27","key":"2026102111091401400_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20572","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c02638","article-title":"Dual-functional ratio\nphotoelectrochemical biosensing\nplatform for photothermal simultaneous sterilization and lipopolysaccharides-mediated\ndetection of Escherichia coli O157:H7","volume":"98","author":"Zou","year":"2026","journal-title":"Anal.\nChem."},{"key":"2026102111091401400_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2315917","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202315917","article-title":"NIR-excitable POM-encapsulated\nYb-Bi2S3 decorated graphene for wearable photoelectrochemical\nsensing","volume":"34","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026102111091401400_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6686","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c06761","article-title":"Photo-nanozyme-integrated\nphotoelectrochemical-electrochemical dual-mode biosensor: enabling\namplification-free detection of miRNA-133a in acute myocardial infarction","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026102111091401400_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7114","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c08273","article-title":"Built-in electric\nfield-assisted enzyme catalytic amplification with ZnO\/CIS heterojunctions\nfor photoelectrochemical immunoassay","volume":"98","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Anal.\nChem."},{"issue":"22","key":"2026102111091401400_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8855","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c01062","article-title":"Recent advances in photoelectrochemical\nsensing for food safety","volume":"96","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"20","key":"2026102111091401400_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8147","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.3c05475","article-title":"Multiplex signal transduction\nand output at single recognition interface\nof multiplexed photoelectrochemical sensors","volume":"96","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026102111091401400_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1706668","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201706668","article-title":"Formation of hierarchical Cu-doped\nCoSe2 microboxes via sequential ion exchange for high-performance\nsodium-ion batteries","volume":"30","author":"Fang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026102111091401400_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.1c00076","article-title":"Single-atom-based\nheterojunction coupling with ion-exchange\nreaction for sensitive photoelectrochemical immunoassay","volume":"21","author":"Qin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026102111091401400_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c17945","article-title":"Thermally driven\nsolid-phase ion exchange for in situ transition from heterocore\u2013shell\nto alloy Nanostructures","volume":"148","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026102111091401400_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6828","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42649-w","article-title":"Tandem-biocatalysis\nreactors constructed by topological evolution of CaCO3 particles\ninto hollow metal hydroxide spheres","volume":"14","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026102111091401400_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2025.118309","article-title":"Photothermal\u2013thermoelectric\nsynergy enhanced photocurrent for ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical\nbiosensing of E. coli O157:H7","volume":"296","author":"Zou","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"issue":"39","key":"2026102111091401400_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26916","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c08089","article-title":"Revealing the chemical\nand structural complexity of electrochemical ion exchange in layered\noxide materials","volume":"146","author":"Mu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026102111091401400_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6846","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c13746","article-title":"Ir single atoms\nboost metal\u2013oxygen covalency on selenide-derived NiOOH for\ndirect intramolecular oxygen coupling","volume":"146","author":"Yin","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am.\nChem. Soc."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026102111091401400_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202423018","article-title":"In-situ growth of metallocluster\ninside heterometal-organic cage to switch electron transfer for targeted\nCO2 photoreduction","volume":"137","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem.,\nInt. Ed."},{"key":"2026102111091401400_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2021.12.024","article-title":"Enhancing the intrinsic properties of flower-like BiOI\nby S-doping toward excellent photocatalytic performances","volume":"118","author":"Xiong","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026102111091401400_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2019.07.223","article-title":"Fabrication and characterization\nof Ag\/BiOI\/GO composites with enhanced\nphotocatalytic activity","volume":"806","author":"Zhong","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026102111091401400_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.3c04952","article-title":"Construction of multi-mode\nphotoelectrochemical immunoassays for accurate detection of cancer\nmarkers: assisted with MOF-confined plasmonic nanozyme","volume":"96","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"32","key":"2026102111091401400_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17882","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c03904","article-title":"Engineering the interfacial\ncharge transfer dynamics by plasmonic S-scheme heterojunctions for\nmachine-learning-assisted dual-mode immunoassays","volume":"97","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026102111091401400_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9944","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c01157","article-title":"Enhanced label-free photoelectrochemical strategy for\npollutant detection: using surface oxygen vacancies-enriched BiVO4 photoanode","volume":"96","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026102111091401400_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2960","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-58174-x","article-title":"Pt nanocluster-Fe\nsingle atom pairs dual-regulate charge extraction and interfacial\nreaction for enhanced photoelectric response","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"46","key":"2026102111091401400_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25888","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c05880","article-title":"Aptamer-gated\norganic photoelectrochemical transistor\nbiosensor based on a TiO2-embedded vertically ordered mesoporous\nSiO2 film for sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen","volume":"97","author":"Tian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026102111091401400_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.2c04235","article-title":"High-indexed intermetallic Pt3Sn nanozymes with high activity\nand specificity for sensitive immunoassay","volume":"23","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nano\nLett."},{"issue":"15","key":"2026102111091401400_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11822","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6c00474","article-title":"Tumor-selective\nautophagy blockade of renal-clearable Bi2S3 nanoflowers\nfor precise photothermal therapy","volume":"20","author":"Gao","year":"2026","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026102111091401400_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2025.118162","article-title":"Two-dimensional nanomaterials-based\noptical biosensors empowered by machine learning for intelligent diagnosis","volume":"185","author":"Tang","year":"2025","journal-title":"TrAC, Trends Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026102111091401400_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5477","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.5c01001","article-title":"Machine learning-assisted\nportable dual-readout biosensor for visual detection of milk allergen","volume":"25","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nano Lett."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American\nChemical Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/jacs.6c18273","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jacsat\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1021\/jacs.6c18273\/68813921\/jacs.6c18273.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jacsat\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1021\/jacs.6c18273\/68813921\/jacs.6c18273.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:31:44Z","timestamp":1792596704000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jacsat\/article\/148\/41\/45235\/5448651\/In-Situ-Ion-Exchange-Mediated-Dynamic"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"41","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jacs.6c18273","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-7863","1520-5126"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-7863","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5126","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]}}}