{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:55:27Z","timestamp":1792598127445,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"41","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14302322"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14302322"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004853","name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004853","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Photocatalytic urea synthesis from N2 and CO2 offers a sustainable alternative to the energy-intensive industrial process. However, the efficiency remains hindered by the sluggish C\u2013N coupling kinetics. Herein, a new, kinetically favorable urea synthesis pathway is achieved by a rationally designed RuCu alloy\/plasmonic WO3\u2013x hybrid photocatalyst. A remarkable urea production rate of 750 \u03bcg gcat\u20131 h\u20131 together with a solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency of 0.072% is obtained under simulated sunlight illumination, outperforming those of most reported systems. Unlike commonly studied C\u2013N coupling involving *CO and *N2, a new mechanism is proposed. This mechanism activates and reduces N2 and CO2 into the *NH2NH2 and *CO, respectively, followed by two successive C\u2013N coupling processes to form urea with substantially reduced kinetic barriers. The RuCu alloy demonstrates a much lower energy barrier compared to pure metals, which is attributed to its optimized electronic structure and enhanced intermediate adsorption properties enabled by the intersite synergistic effect within the alloy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6c18367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T21:01:38Z","timestamp":1791406898000},"page":"45245-45255","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Plasmon-Driven Urea\nPhotosynthesis on a Rationally\nDesigned RuCu Nanoalloy Cocatalyst Through a Kinetically Favorable\nC\u2013N Coupling Mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Boyuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong , , , ,","place":["Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China, 999077"]},{"name":"Taiyuan University of Technology , , , ,","place":["Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, 030024"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoya","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaanxi Normal University , , , ,","place":["Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China, 710119"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6172-9952","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Binbin","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials, Huanghe Science and Technology College , , , ,","place":["Zhengzhou, Henan, China, 450006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penglei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong , , , ,","place":["Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yini","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong , , , ,","place":["Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong , , , ,","place":["Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6977-3421","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ruibin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaanxi Normal University , , , ,","place":["Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China, 710119"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baocheng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials, Huanghe Science and Technology College , , , ,","place":["Zhengzhou, Henan, China, 450006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2467-8751","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jianfang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong , , , ,","place":["Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2026102111093487400_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s10533-005-3070-5","article-title":"Escalating\nworldwide use of urea \u2013 a global change contributing to coastal\neutrophication","volume":"77","author":"Glibert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biogeochemistry"},{"issue":"6391","key":"2026102111093487400_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar6611","article-title":"Beyond fossil fuel-driven nitrogen transformations","volume":"360","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"18","key":"2026102111093487400_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4995","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201800667","article-title":"Radical anions from urea-type carbonyls:\nradical cyclizations and cyclization cascades","volume":"57","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angew. 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