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Although plasma-oxidized silver surfaces were found to display a considerably decreased overpotential for the production of CO, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), a competing reaction against CO2 reduction, was found to increase over time. More stable and C1-product-selective SnOx\/AgOx catalysts were obtained by electrodepositing Sn on O2-plasma-pretreated Ag surfaces. In particular, a strong suppression of HER (below 5% Faradaic efficiency (FE) at \u22120.8 V vs the reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE) during 20 h was observed. Ex situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and operando X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES) measurements showed that our synthesis led to a highly roughened surface containing stable Sn\u03b4+\/Sn species that were found to be key in the enhanced activity and stable CO\/formate (HCOO\u2013) selectivity. Our study highlights the importance of roughness, composition, and chemical state effects in CO2 electrocatalysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b12766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,3]],"date-time":"2019-03-03T13:49:55Z","timestamp":1551620995000},"page":"5261-5266","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":132,"title":["Enhanced\nStability and CO\/Formate Selectivity of Plasma-Treated\nSnO\n                    <i>x<\/i>\n                    \/AgO\n                    <i>x<\/i>\n                    Catalysts\nduring CO2 Electroreduction"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Yong-Wook","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruhr University Bochum , , ,","place":["Bochum, Germany, 44780"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Scholten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruhr University Bochum , , ,","place":["Bochum, Germany, 44780"]},{"name":"Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society , , ,","place":["Berlin, Germany, 14195"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilya","family":"Sinev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruhr University Bochum , , ,","place":["Bochum, Germany, 44780"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8025-307X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Roldan Cuenya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruhr University Bochum , , ,","place":["Bochum, Germany, 44780"]},{"name":"Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society , , ,","place":["Berlin, Germany, 14195"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"15","key":"2026090313453080700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201600394","article-title":"A Gross-Margin\nModel for Defining Technoeconomic Benchmarks in the Electroreduction\nof CO2","volume":"9","author":"Verma","year":"2016","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090313453080700_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8594","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.7b02822","article-title":"Importance\nof Ag\u2013Cu Biphasic\nBoundaries for Selective Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Ethanol","volume":"7","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"issue":"40","key":"2026090313453080700_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14107","DOI":"10.1021\/ja505791r","article-title":"Electrocatalytic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Methane\nand Methanol on Transition Metal Surfaces","volume":"136","author":"Kuhl","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\nAm. 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