{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T13:24:22Z","timestamp":1787059462928,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]],"date-time":"2014-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401667200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]],"date-time":"2014-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401667200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]],"date-time":"2014-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401667200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Titanium dioxide (TiO2), as an excellent photocatalyst, has been intensively investigated and widely used in environmental purification. However, the wide band gap of TiO2 and rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers significantly limit its overall photocatalytic efficiency. Here, efficient visible-light-active photocatalysts were developed on the basis of TiO2 modified with two ubiquitous nanoclusters. In this photocatalytic system, amorphous Ti(IV) oxide nanoclusters were demonstrated to act as hole-trapping centers on the surface of TiO2 to efficiently oxidize organic contaminants, while amorphous Fe(III) or Cu(II) oxide nanoclusters mediate the reduction of oxygen molecules. Ti(IV) and Fe(III) nanoclusters-modified TiO2 exhibited the highest quantum efficiency (QE = 92.2%) and reaction rate (0.69 \u03bcmol\/h) for 2-propanol decomposition among previously reported photocatalysts, even under visible-light irradiation (420\u2013530 nm). The desirable properties of efficient photocatalytic performance with high stability under visible light with safe and ubiquitous elements composition enable these catalysts feasible for large-scale practical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/nn502247x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]],"date-time":"2014-06-02T14:57:14Z","timestamp":1401721034000},"page":"7229-7238","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":131,"title":["Enhanced Photoactivity with Nanocluster-Grafted Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysts"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokyo , , 4-6-1 Komaba , ,","place":["Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 153-8904"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Inde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology , , 2-12-1 Ookayama , ,","place":["Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 152-8552"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masami","family":"Nishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nagaoka University of Technology , , 1603-1, Kamitomioka-machi , ,","place":["Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan, 940-2188"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqing","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokyo , , 4-6-1 Komaba , ,","place":["Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 153-8904"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daiki","family":"Atarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology , , 2-12-1 Ookayama , ,","place":["Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 152-8552"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Etsuo","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology , , 2-12-1 Ookayama , ,","place":["Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 152-8552"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Nosaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nagaoka University of Technology , , 1603-1, Kamitomioka-machi , ,","place":["Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan, 940-2188"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhito","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokyo , , 4-6-1 Komaba , ,","place":["Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 153-8904"]},{"name":"The University of Tokyo , , 7-3-1 Hongo , ,","place":["Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 113-8656"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Miyauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology , , 2-12-1 Ookayama , ,","place":["Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 152-8552"]},{"name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO , 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi , ,","place":["Saitama, Japan, 332-0012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1021\/cr00033a004","article-title":"Environmental Applications of Semiconductor Photocatalysis","volume":"95","author":"Hoffmann","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2891","DOI":"10.1021\/cr0500535","article-title":"Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, Modifications, and Applications","volume":"107","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6503","DOI":"10.1021\/cr1001645","article-title":"Semiconductor-Based Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation","volume":"110","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495602","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/23\/49\/495602","article-title":"ZnO Dense Nanowire Array on A Film Structure in A Single Crystal Domain Texture for Optical and Photoelectrochemical Applications","volume":"23","author":"Zhong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1246\/cl.2008.216","article-title":"Preparing Articles on Photocatalysis\ue5f8Beyond the Illusions Misconceptions and Speculation","volume":"37","author":"Ohtani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem. Lett."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2568","DOI":"10.1039\/C2CS35355E","article-title":"Progress, Challenge and Perspective of Heterogeneous Photocatalysts","volume":"42","author":"Qu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1038\/238037a0","article-title":"Electrochemical Photolysis of Water at A Semiconductor Electrode","volume":"238","author":"Fujishima","year":"1972","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1021\/cr00035a013","article-title":"Photocatalysis on TiO2 Surfaces: Principles, Mechanisms, and Selected Results","volume":"95","author":"Linsebigler","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1038\/353737a0","article-title":"A Low-Cost, High-Efficiency Solar Cell Based on Dye-Sensitized Colloidal TiO2 Films","volume":"353","author":"O\u2019Regan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8269","DOI":"10.1143\/JJAP.44.8269","article-title":"TiO2 Photocatalysis: A Historical Overview and Future Prospects","volume":"44","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5313","DOI":"10.1039\/c2cs35013k","article-title":"High Surface Area Crystalline Titanium Dioxide: Potential and Limits in Electrochemical Energy Storage and Catalysis","volume":"41","author":"Froschl","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1061051","article-title":"Visible-Light Photocatalysis in Nitrogen-Doped Titanium Oxides","volume":"293","author":"Asahi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13669","DOI":"10.1021\/j100102a038","article-title":"The Role of Metal Ion Dopants in Quantum-Sized TiO2: Correlation Between Photoreactivity and Charge Carrier Recombination Dynamics","volume":"98","author":"Choi","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-6030(02)00051-5","article-title":"Degradation of Propanol Diluted in Water under Visible Light Irradiation Using Metal Ion-Implanted Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysts","volume":"148","author":"Yamashita","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol., A"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4908","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200351577","article-title":"Daylight Photocatalysis by Carbon-Modified Titanium Dioxide","volume":"42","author":"Sakthivel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-0294(02)00069-9","article-title":"Nanoparticles in Advanced Oxidation Processes","volume":"7","author":"Kamat","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphys.2007.07.024","article-title":"Effects of Doping of Metal Cations on Morphology, Activity, and Visible Light Response of Photocatalysts","volume":"339","author":"Kudo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5029","DOI":"10.1021\/jp0255482","article-title":"Visible-Light-Response and Photocatalytic Activities of TiO2 and SrTiO3 Photocatalysts Codoped with Antimony and Chromium","volume":"106","author":"Kato","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1021\/la0353125","article-title":"Photocatalytic Activity of SrTiO3 Codoped with Nitrogen and Lanthanum under Visible Light Illumination","volume":"20","author":"Miyauchi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17269","DOI":"10.1021\/jp0467090","article-title":"Oxidative Power of Nitrogen-Doped TiO2 Photocatalysts under Visible Illumination","volume":"108","author":"Mrowetz","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5483","DOI":"10.1021\/jp030133h","article-title":"Nitrogen-Concentration Dependence on Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2\u2013xNx Powders","volume":"107","author":"Irie","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3034","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-3773(19981116)37:21<3034::AID-ANIE3034>3.0.CO;2-2","article-title":"Modified, Amorphous Titania-A Hybrid Semiconductor for Detoxification and Current Generation by Visible Light","volume":"37","author":"Kisch","year":"1998","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cplett.2008.04.006","article-title":"Efficient Visible Light-Sensitive Photocatalysts: Grafting Cu(II) Ions onto TiO2 and WO3 Photocatalysts","volume":"457","author":"Irie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10761","DOI":"10.1021\/jp903063z","article-title":"Visible Light-Sensitive Cu(II)-Grafted TiO2 Photocatalysts: Activities and X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Analyses","volume":"113","author":"Irie","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16481","DOI":"10.1021\/jp1071956","article-title":"An Efficient Visible-Light-Sensitive Fe(III)-Grafted TiO2 Photocatalyst","volume":"114","author":"Yu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5282","DOI":"10.1021\/cm203025b","article-title":"Cu(II) Oxide Amorphous Nanoclusters Grafted Ti3+ Self-Doped TiO2: An Efficient Visible Light Photocatalyst","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10064","DOI":"10.1021\/ja401541k","article-title":"Energy-Level Matching of Fe (III) Ions Grafted at Surface and Doped in Bulk for Efficient Visible-Light Photocatalysts","volume":"135","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10251","DOI":"10.1021\/jp050259+","article-title":"Interfacial Charge Transfer Absorption: Semiclassical Treatment","volume":"109","author":"Creutz","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25181","DOI":"10.1021\/jp063953d","article-title":"Interfacial Charge-Transfer Absorption: 3. Application to Semiconductor-Molecule Assemblies","volume":"110","author":"Creutz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8031","DOI":"10.1021\/ja994527r","article-title":"Catalytic Mechanism of Galactose Oxidase: A Theoretical Study","volume":"122","author":"Himo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1021\/j100156a046","article-title":"Determination of The Volume of Activation of The Key Reaction Steps in The Oxidation of Phenanthroline-Copper(I) by Molecular Oxygen","volume":"95","author":"Goldstein","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1021\/cr00027a010","article-title":"Copper-Dioxygen Complexes. Inorganic and Bioinorganic Perspectives","volume":"94","author":"Kitajima","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5283.1848","article-title":"A Trinuclear Intermediate in The Copper-Mediated Reduction of O2: Four Electrons from Three Coppers","volume":"273","author":"Cole","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21283","DOI":"10.1021\/jp2070634","article-title":"Reaction Mechanism of Cu(II)-Grafted Visible-Light Responsive TiO2 and WO3 Photocatalysts Studied by Means of ESR Spectroscopy and Chemiluminescence Photometry","volume":"115","author":"Nosaka","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14900","DOI":"10.1021\/jp3020657","article-title":"Photocatalytic Reaction Mechanism of Fe(III)-Grafted TiO2 Studied by Means of ESR Spectroscopy and Chemiluminescence Photometry","volume":"116","author":"Nishikawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1039\/B800489G","article-title":"Heterogeneous Photocatalyst Materials for Water Splitting","volume":"38","author":"Kudo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1021\/jz1007966","article-title":"Photocatalytic Water Splitting: Recent Progress and Future Challenges","volume":"1","author":"Maeda","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.1021\/ar300227e","article-title":"Roles of Cocatalysts in Photocatalysis and Photoelectrocatalysis","volume":"46","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6345","DOI":"10.1039\/C1EE02053F","article-title":"Photocatalytic H2 Production on Pt\/TiO2\u2013SO42\u2013 with Tuned Surface-Phase Structures: Enhancing Activity and Reducing CO Formation","volume":"5","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.1021\/jz200852m","article-title":"Role of Water Oxidation Catalyst IrO2 in Shuttling Photogenerated Holes Across TiO2 Interface","volume":"2","author":"Meekins","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcat.2012.03.008","article-title":"Roles of Cocatalysts in Pt\u2013PdS\/CdS with Exceptionally High Quantum Efficiency for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production","volume":"290","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Catal."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4096","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201001259","article-title":"Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting Promoted by Two Sifferent Cocatalysts for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution under Visible Light","volume":"49","author":"Maeda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8390","DOI":"10.1039\/c2ee21801a","article-title":"Visible-Light-Driven Nonsacrificial Water Oxidation over Tungsten Trioxide Powder Modified with Two Different Cocatalysts","volume":"5","author":"Ma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11252","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201303693","article-title":"Core\/Shell Photocatalyst with Spatially Separated Co-catalysts for Efficient Reduction and Oxidation of Water","volume":"52","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1162018","article-title":"In Situ Formation of An Oxygen-Evolving Catalyst in Neutral Water Containing Phosphate and Co2+","volume":"321","author":"Kana","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"034303","DOI":"10.1088\/1468-6996\/12\/3\/034303","article-title":"New Functionalities in Abundant Element Oxides: Ubiquitous Element Strategy","volume":"12","author":"Hosono","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4963","DOI":"10.1039\/c0cp02030c","article-title":"Reactivity of Sub 1 nm Supported Clusters: (TiO2)n Clusters Supported on Rutile TiO2 (110)","volume":"13","author":"Iwaszuk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10982","DOI":"10.1021\/ja909901f","article-title":"A Potential Site for Trapping Photogenerated Holes on Rutile TiO2 Surface as Revealed by EPR Spectroscopy: An Avenue for Enhancing Photocatalytic Activity","volume":"132","author":"Gopal","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfrep.2010.10.001","article-title":"Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy and Its Application","volume":"66","author":"Melitz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Surf. Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201002270","article-title":"Recent Trends in Surface Characterization and Chemistry with High-Resolution Scanning Force Methods","volume":"23","author":"Barth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit51","first-page":"1251","article-title":"Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy Study of a Pt\/TiO2 Catalyst Model Placed in An Atmospheric Pressure of N2 Environment","volume":"7","author":"Kokawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem.\ue5f8Asian J."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4323","DOI":"10.1039\/c2cc31162c","article-title":"Improved Photocatalytic Efficiency of A WO3 System by An Efficient Visible-Light Induced Hole Transfer","volume":"48","author":"Anandan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9517(88)90238-2","article-title":"Photocatalytic Deposition of Silver on Powder Titania: Consequences for The Recovery of Silver","volume":"113","author":"Hermann","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Catal."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1039\/b202140d","article-title":"Crystal Faces of Rutile and Anatase TiO2 Particles and Their Roles in Photocatalytic Reactions","volume":"26","author":"Ohno","year":"2002","journal-title":"New J. Chem."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-6030(97)00208-6","article-title":"ESR Investigation into The Effects of Heat Treatment and Crystal Structure on Radicals Produced over Irradiated TiO2 Powder","volume":"110","author":"Nakaoka","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol., A"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7277","DOI":"10.1021\/j100130a026","article-title":"Trapped Holes on Titania Colloids Studied by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance","volume":"97","author":"Micic","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elspec.2005.01.294","article-title":"Probing Reaction Mechanisms in Mixed Phase TiO2 by EPR","volume":"150","author":"Hurum","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5368","DOI":"10.1021\/la010153f","article-title":"EPR Study of The Surface Characteristics of Nanostructured TiO2 under UV Irradiation","volume":"17","author":"Coronado","year":"2001","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5223","DOI":"10.1021\/jp057053t","article-title":"EPR Investigation of TiO2 Nanoparticles with Temperature-Dependent Properties","volume":"110","author":"Kumar","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/1010-6030(91)87075-7","article-title":"Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Study of Photogenerated Radicals in Titanium Dioxide Powder and Its Aqueous Suspensions","volume":"59","author":"Brezova","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol., A"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3146","DOI":"10.1021\/j100487a017","article-title":"Spin Trapping and Electron Spin Resonance Detection of Radical Intermediates in The Photodecomposition of Water at Titanium Dioxide Particulate Systems","volume":"83","author":"Jaeger","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/41233","article-title":"Light-Induced Amphiphilic Surfaces","volume":"388","author":"Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4095(199801)10:2<135::AID-ADMA135>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Photogeneration of Highly Amphiphilic TiO2 Surfaces","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026081808151745200_cit64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progsolidstchem.2004.08.001","article-title":"Photoinduced Reactivity of Titanium Dioxide","volume":"32","author":"Carp","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prog. Solid State Chem."}],"container-title":["ACS Nano"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/nn502247x","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article-pdf\/8\/7\/7229\/13911213\/nn502247x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article-pdf\/8\/7\/7229\/13911213\/nn502247x.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T12:28:25Z","timestamp":1787056105000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article\/8\/7\/7229\/1353890\/Enhanced-Photoactivity-with-Nanocluster-Grafted"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/nn502247x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-0851","1936-086X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-0851","type":"print"},{"value":"1936-086X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]]}}}