{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T03:13:39Z","timestamp":1788405219021,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,28]],"date-time":"2015-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1432771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2053,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_termsofuse.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Successful delivery of labile vaccine antigens, such as peptides and proteins, to stimulate CD4 and CD8 T cell immunity could improve vaccine strategies against chronic infections such as HIV and Hepatitis C. Layer-by-layer (LbL)-assembled nanoengineered hydrogel capsules represent a novel and promising technology for the protection and delivery of labile vaccine candidates to antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Here we report on the in vitro and in vivo immunostimulatory capabilities of LbL-assembled disulfide cross-linked poly(methacrylic acid) (PMASH) hydrogel capsules as a delivery strategy for protein and peptide vaccines using robust transgenic mice models and ovalbumin (OVA) as a model vaccine. We demonstrate that OVA protein as well as multiple OVA peptides can be successfully encapsulated within nanoengineered PMASH hydrogel capsules. OVA-containing PMASH capsules are internalized by mouse APCs, resulting in presentation of OVA epitopes and subsequent activation of OVA-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells in vitro. OVA-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells are also activated to proliferate in vivo following intravenous vaccination of mice with OVA protein- and OVA peptide-loaded PMASH hydrogel capsules. Furthermore, we show that OVA encapsulated within the PMASH capsules resulted in at least 6-fold greater proliferation of OVA-specific CD8 T cells and 70-fold greater proliferation of OVA-specific CD4 T cells in vivo compared to the equivalent amount of OVA protein administered alone. These results highlight the potential of nanoengineered hydrogel capsules for vaccine delivery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/nn900715g","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,13]],"date-time":"2009-10-13T14:42:54Z","timestamp":1255444974000},"page":"3391-3400","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":167,"title":["A Protective Vaccine Delivery System for\n                    <i>In Vivo<\/i>\n                    T Cell Stimulation Using Nanoengineered Polymer Hydrogel Capsules"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Amy","family":"Sexton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul G.","family":"Whitney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siow-Feng","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander N.","family":"Zelikin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angus P. R.","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"De Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Caruso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Kent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090222215410300_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4650","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.68.7.4650-4655.1994","article-title":"Temporal Association of Cellular Immune Responses with the Initial Control of Viremia in Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Syndrome","volume":"68","author":"Koup","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. 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Med."}],"container-title":["ACS Nano"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/nn900715g","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article-pdf\/3\/11\/3391\/17321569\/nn900715g.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article-pdf\/3\/11\/3391\/17321569\/nn900715g.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T02:22:01Z","timestamp":1788402121000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article\/3\/11\/3391\/1627652\/A-Protective-Vaccine-Delivery-System-for-In-Vivo-T"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,13]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/nn900715g","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-0851","1936-086X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-0851","type":"print"},{"value":"1936-086X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,13]]}}}