{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T14:50:10Z","timestamp":1790347810798,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22373099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22373099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"State Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025PST-JJ-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025PST-JJ-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Super-tough poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites with an excellent balance between stiffness and toughness were successfully developed by incorporating core-shell particles comprising a rigid silica (SiO2) core and an elastomeric poly(ether-block-amide) grafted with a glycidyl methacrylate (PEBA-GMA) shell. Morphological observations confirmed the formation of a well-defined core-shell structure within the PLA matrix. The effects of SiO2 particle size (100\u2013800 nm) and core-shell mass ratio (1:3 to 3:1) on mechanical properties were systematically investigated. The results indicate that smaller SiO2 core particles (100 nm) led to severe agglomeration and poor dispersion, resulting in ineffective toughening. The optimal performance was achieved with PLA composites containing 500 nm SiO2 at a core-shell ratio of 1:3 and a total modifier content of 20 wt %, which exhibited a notched Izod impact strength of 70.6 kJ\/m2\u2500a significant enhancement over binary PLA\/PEBA-GMA composites. Furthermore, this composite maintained ductile fracture behavior even at a high SiO2 content, with an impact strength of 33.9 kJ\/m2 at a SiO2:PEBA-GMA core-shell ratio of 3:1. The flexural modulus of this optimized composite was retained at 87% of that of pure PLA, demonstrating an excellent balance between stiffness and toughness. This work presents an effective strategy for developing high-performance PLA materials with tailored mechanical properties, offering promising potential for advanced biodegradable applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/polymscitech.6c00012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T02:01:53Z","timestamp":1776218513000},"page":"505-514","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Core-Shell\nStructure Strategy to Prepare Super-tough\nPoly(lactic acid) Composites with Balanced Stiffness and Toughness"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Bao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China , ,","place":["Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China, 230026"]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130022"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China , ,","place":["Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China, 230026"]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130022"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130022"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2710-4243","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jing","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130022"]},{"name":"Wuhan Textile University , , ,","place":["Wuhan, People\u2019s Republic of China, 430200"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7084-8048","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yanxiong","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China , ,","place":["Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China, 230026"]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130022"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongwen","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Petrochemical Co Ltd, Sinopec , ,","place":["Yueyang, People\u2019s Republic of China, 414014"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7074-7722","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiangling","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China , ,","place":["Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China, 230026"]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130022"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4316-880X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China , ,","place":["Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China, 230026"]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130022"]},{"name":"Wuhan Textile University , , ,","place":["Wuhan, People\u2019s Republic of China, 430200"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026072818070272700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.169602","article-title":"Biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) copolymer\nmaterials: Structural design, synthesis strategy, the relationship\nbetween structure and performance, industrial application","volume":"524","author":"Ji","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. 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Bio Mater."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026072818070272700_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4576","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.3c02530","article-title":"A strategy to develop homo-polypropylene composites\nwith high impact and high rigidity","volume":"57","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026072818070272700_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.3c01921","article-title":"Formation of interconnected\nelastomeric phase unevenly jammed by nanosilica in the plastic matrix\nduring melt processing","volume":"57","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026072818070272700_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44677","DOI":"10.1002\/app.44677","article-title":"Crystallinity and mechanical properties\nof polylactide\/ether-amide copolymer blends","volume":"134","author":"Jauzein","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. 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Stab."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026072818070272700_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1016\/0032-3861(88)90269-8","article-title":"Effect of interfacial forces on polymer\nblend morphologies","volume":"29","author":"Hobbs","year":"1988","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"2026072818070272700_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2019.05.098","article-title":"Fabrication of super-tough\nternary blends by melt compounding of poly(lactic acid) with poly(butylene\nsuccinate) and ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate","volume":"172","author":"Xue","year":"2019","journal-title":"Composites B: Eng."},{"issue":"30","key":"2026072818070272700_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10088","DOI":"10.1021\/ie300526u","article-title":"Blends of linear and\nlong-chain branched poly(l-lactide)s with high melt strength and fast\ncrystallization rate","volume":"51","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026072818070272700_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2008.12.025","article-title":"Super-tough\npoly(lactic acid) materials: Reactive blending with ethylene copolymer","volume":"50","author":"Oyama","year":"2009","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"issue":"24","key":"2026072818070272700_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6799","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00356433","article-title":"Dilatational bands in rubber-toughened\npolymers","volume":"28","author":"Lazzeri","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."}],"container-title":["Polymer Science &amp; Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/polymscitech.6c00012","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/pstoco\/article-pdf\/2\/7\/505\/66308570\/polymscitech.6c00012.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/pstoco\/article-pdf\/2\/7\/505\/66308570\/polymscitech.6c00012.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T22:11:36Z","timestamp":1785276696000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/pstoco\/article\/2\/7\/505\/5235530\/Core-Shell-Structure-Strategy-to-Prepare-Super"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/polymscitech.6c00012","relation":{},"ISSN":["2997-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2997-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]}}}