{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:44:00Z","timestamp":1790837040164,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,7]],"date-time":"2015-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01AI101798"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01AI101798"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U19AI067773"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19AI067773"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000957","name":"Alzheimer's Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIRG-11-203674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIRG-11-203674"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Exposure to ionizing radiation has dramatically increased in modern society, raising serious health concerns. The molecular response to ionizing radiation, however, is still not completely understood. Here, we screened mouse serum for metabolic alterations following an acute exposure to \u03b3 radiation using a multiplatform mass-spectrometry-based strategy. A global, molecular profiling revealed that mouse serum undergoes a series of significant molecular alterations following radiation exposure. We identified and quantified bioactive metabolites belonging to key biochemical pathways and low-abundance, oxygenated, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the two groups of animals. Exposure to \u03b3 radiation induced a significant increase in the serum levels of ether phosphatidylcholines (PCs) while decreasing the levels of diacyl PCs carrying PUFAs. In exposed mice, levels of pro-inflammatory, oxygenated metabolites of arachidonic acid increased, whereas levels of anti-inflammatory metabolites of omega-3 PUFAs decreased. Our results indicate a specific serum lipidomic biosignature that could be utilized as an indicator of radiation exposure and as novel target for therapeutic intervention. Monitoring such a molecular response to radiation exposure might have implications not only for radiation pathology but also for countermeasures and personalized medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/pr5005295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,7]],"date-time":"2014-08-07T23:07:22Z","timestamp":1407452842000},"page":"4143-4154","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Metabolic Phenotyping Reveals\na Lipid Mediator Response\nto Ionizing Radiation"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Evagelia C.","family":"Laiakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgetown University , , ,","place":["Washington, DC, United States, 20057"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Strassburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leiden University , , ,","place":["Leiden, The Netherlands, 2333 CC"]},{"name":"Leiden University , , ,","place":["Leiden, The Netherlands, 2333 CL"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Bogumil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIOCRATES Life Sciences , ,","place":["Innsbruck, Austria, 6020"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Waters Corporation , , , ,","place":["Milford, Massachusetts, United States, 01757"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rob J.","family":"Vreeken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leiden University , , ,","place":["Leiden, The Netherlands, 2333 CC"]},{"name":"Leiden University , , ,","place":["Leiden, The Netherlands, 2333 CL"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Hankemeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leiden University , , ,","place":["Leiden, The Netherlands, 2333 CC"]},{"name":"Leiden University , , ,","place":["Leiden, The Netherlands, 2333 CL"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Langridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Waters Corporation , , , ,","place":["Milford, Massachusetts, United States, 01757"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Plumb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Waters Corporation , , , ,","place":["Milford, Massachusetts, United States, 01757"]},{"name":"Imperial College London , , , ,","place":["London, United Kingdom, SW7 2AZ"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Albert J.","family":"Fornace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgetown University , , ,","place":["Washington, DC, United States, 20057"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Astarita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgetown University , , ,","place":["Washington, DC, United States, 20057"]},{"name":"Waters Corporation , , , ,","place":["Milford, Massachusetts, United States, 01757"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra072149","article-title":"Computed tomography\u2500an\nincreasing source of\nradiation exposure","volume":"357","author":"Brenner","year":"2007","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60815-0","article-title":"Radiation\nexposure from CT scans in childhood and subsequent risk of leukaemia\nand brain tumours: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"380","author":"Pearce","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"f2360","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f2360","article-title":"Cancer risk in 680,000 people exposed\nto computed tomography scans in childhood or adolescence: data linkage\nstudy of 11 million Australians","volume":"346","author":"Mathews","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2013.311","article-title":"The use of\ncomputed tomography in\npediatrics and the associated radiation exposure and estimated cancer\nrisk","volume":"167","author":"Miglioretti","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncr168","article-title":"Risk of cancer\nand\nnon-cancer diseases in the atomic bomb survivors","volume":"146","author":"Ozasa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiat. Prot. Dosim."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-12-157","article-title":"Cancer and\nnon-cancer brain and eye effects of chronic low-dose ionizing radiation\nexposure","volume":"12","author":"Picano","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2010.3742","article-title":"Radiation as a risk factor for cardiovascular\ndisease","volume":"15","author":"Baker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signaling"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i37","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrt202","article-title":"Radiation-associated\ncardiovascular risks for future deep-space missions","volume":"55","author":"Yan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Radiat. Res."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b5349","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b5349","article-title":"Radiation\nexposure and circulatory disease risk: Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic\nbomb survivor data, 1950\u20132003","volume":"340","author":"Shimizu","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit10","first-page":"27","article-title":"Low dose ionizing radiation\nexposure\nand cardiovascular disease mortality: cohort study based on Canadian\nnational dose registry of radiation workers","volume":"22","author":"Zielinski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-009-0250-z","article-title":"Review and meta-analysis\nof epidemiological associations between low\/moderate doses of ionizing\nradiation and circulatory disease risks, and their possible mechanisms","volume":"49","author":"Little","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiat. Environ. Biophys."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2012.00120","article-title":"Immunomodulatory properties and molecular\neffects in inflammatory diseases of low-dose X-irradiation","volume":"2","author":"Rodel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1080\/09553000701317358","article-title":"Radiobiological\nmechanisms in inflammatory diseases of low-dose radiation therapy","volume":"83","author":"Rodel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.3109\/09553002.2011.556177","article-title":"Radiation metabolomics and its potential\nin biodosimetry","volume":"87","author":"Coy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit15","first-page":"142","article-title":"Utility of biological\nmembranes as indicators for radiation\nexposure: alterations in membrane structure and function over time","volume":"13","author":"Dainiak","year":"1995","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1080\/09553000110104065","article-title":"Radiation-induced peroxidation and\nfragmentation of lipids in a model membrane","volume":"78","author":"Shadyro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1667\/RR1796.1","article-title":"Radiation metabolomics. 3. Biomarker\ndiscovery in the urine of gamma-irradiated rats using a simplified\nmetabolomics protocol of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined\nwith random forests machine learning algorithm","volume":"172","author":"Lanz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-5896-4_4","article-title":"Serum and\nplasma proteomics and its possible use as detector and predictor of\nradiation diseases","volume":"990","author":"Guipaud","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1504\/IJBRA.2013.054701","article-title":"Identifying radiation exposure biomarkers\nfrom mouse blood transcriptome","volume":"9","author":"Hyduke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Bioinf.\nRes. Appl."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e87079","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087079","article-title":"Long-term differential changes in\nmouse intestinal metabolomics after gamma and heavy ion radiation\nexposure","volume":"9","author":"Cheema","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1667\/RR13479.1","article-title":"Development of urinary biomarkers for internal exposure\nby cesium-137 using a metabolomics approach in mice","volume":"181","author":"Goudarzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1667\/RR13567.1","article-title":"Development of a\nmetabolomic radiation signature in urine from patients undergoing\ntotal body irradiation","volume":"181","author":"Laiakis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1097\/HP.0b013e3182a4ed3b","article-title":"Identification\nand quantitation of\nbiomarkers for radiation-induced injury via mass spectrometry","volume":"106","author":"Jones","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Phys."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.1226","article-title":"Plasma phospholipid metabolic profiling\nand biomarkers of rats following radiation exposure based on liquid\nchromatography-mass spectrometry technique","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomed. Chromatogr."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1667\/RR2297.1","article-title":"Oxidative lipidomics of gamma-radiation-induced\nlung injury: mass spectrometric characterization of cardiolipin and\nphosphatidylserine peroxidation","volume":"175","author":"Tyurina","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2007.08.021","article-title":"Oxidative lipidomics of gamma-irradiation-induced\nintestinal\ninjury","volume":"44","author":"Tyurina","year":"2008","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol. Med."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1667\/RR2771.1","article-title":"Comparison\nof mouse urinary metabolic\nprofiles after exposure to the inflammatory stressors gamma radiation\nand lipopolysaccharide","volume":"177","author":"Laiakis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4299","article-title":"Responses to ionizing\nradiation mediated by inflammatory mechanisms","volume":"232","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e89728","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089728","article-title":"Targeted metabolomics\nidentifies\nreliable and stable metabolites in human serum and plasma samples","volume":"9","author":"Breier","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3466","article-title":"Plasma\nphospholipids identify antecedent memory impairment in older adults","volume":"20","author":"Mapstone","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-012-6226-x","article-title":"Quantitative\nprofiling of oxylipins through comprehensive LC\u2013MS\/MS analysis:\napplication in cardiac surgery","volume":"404","author":"Strassburg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal.\nChem."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D801","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks1065","article-title":"HMDB 3.0\u2500The Human Metabolome Database in 2013","volume":"41","author":"Wishart","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1021\/ac402477z","article-title":"MetaboLyzer:\na novel statistical workflow for analyzing Postprocessed\nLC\u2013MS metabolomics data","volume":"86","author":"Mak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W127","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks374","article-title":"MetaboAnalyst 2.0\u2500a comprehensive\nserver for\nmetabolomic data analysis","volume":"40","author":"Xia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1667\/RR1880.1","article-title":"Animal\nmodels for medical countermeasures to radiation exposure","volume":"173","author":"Williams","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit36","volume-title":"Radiobiology for the\nRadiologist","author":"Hall","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002310001655421","article-title":"Radiation-induced\nfragmentation of cardiolipin in a model membrane","volume":"80","author":"Shadyro","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.2.525","article-title":"Ionizing radiation acts on cellular\nmembranes to generate ceramide and initiate apoptosis","volume":"180","author":"Haimovitz-Friedman","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80091-4","article-title":"Acid sphingomyelinase-deficient human\nlymphoblasts and mice are defective in radiation-induced apoptosis","volume":"86","author":"Santana","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.2595","article-title":"Plasmalogen phospholipids as potential\nprotectors against lipid peroxidation of low density lipoproteins","volume":"204","author":"Engelmann","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4992","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00472a032","article-title":"Plasmenylcholine and phosphatidylcholine membrane bilayers\npossess distinct conformational motifs","volume":"29","author":"Han","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2003.08.001","article-title":"Plasmalogens protect unsaturated\nlipids against UV-induced oxidation in monolayer","volume":"1616","author":"Morandat","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0531-5565(98)00014-X","article-title":"The biological significance of plasmalogens in defense against oxidative\ndamage","volume":"33","author":"Brosche","year":"1998","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.2174\/092986709788682164","article-title":"Plasmalogens in biological systems: their role in oxidative processes\nin biological membranes, their contribution to pathological processes\nand aging and plasmalogen analysis","volume":"16","author":"Lessig","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Med.\nChem."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1042\/bst0320147","article-title":"Plasmalogens:\ntargets for oxidants and major lipophilic antioxidants","volume":"32","author":"Engelmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. 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Workshop Ser."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60761-322-0_14","article-title":"Lipidomic analysis of prostanoids\nby liquid chromatography\u2013electrospray tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"579","author":"Nicolaou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2011.05.027","article-title":"Psoralidin, a dual inhibitor of COX-2 and 5-LOX, regulates ionizing\nradiation (IR)-induced pulmonary inflammation","volume":"82","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/91.17.1501","article-title":"Enhancement of tumor response to gamma-radiation by\nan inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme","volume":"91","author":"Milas","year":"1999","journal-title":"J.\nNatl. 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U.S.A."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7085","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1204903","article-title":"Inflammatory-type\nresponses after exposure to ionizing radiation in vivo: a mechanism\nfor radiation-induced bystander effects?","volume":"20","author":"Lorimore","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2013.09.009","article-title":"Non-targeted\neffects induced by ionizing\nradiation: mechanisms and potential impact on radiation induced health\neffects","author":"Morgan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4765","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.12-215228","article-title":"Evaluation of systemic\nmarkers of inflammation in atomic-bomb survivors with special reference\nto radiation and age effects","volume":"26","author":"Hayashi","year":"2012","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2004.06.045","article-title":"Long-term\neffects of radiation dose on inflammatory markers in atomic bomb survivors","volume":"118","author":"Hayashi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1269\/jrr.45.181","article-title":"Involvement\nof reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the induction of genetic instability\nby radiation","volume":"45","author":"Tominaga","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Radiat. Res."},{"key":"2026090119334385200_cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215158","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/215158","article-title":"The role of\ncyclooxygenase-2 in cell proliferation and cell death in human malignancies","volume":"2010","author":"Sobolewski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. 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