{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T15:18:58Z","timestamp":1777994338965,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chem. Res. Toxicol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/tx0502239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,16]],"date-time":"2006-01-16T05:14:53Z","timestamp":1137388493000},"page":"156-163","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["In Vitro Phototoxicity of Phenothiazines:\u2009 Involvement of Stable UVA Photolysis Products Formed in Aqueous Medium"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Miolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biology, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Levorato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biology, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Gallocchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biology, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Caffieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biology, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Bastianon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biology, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Zanoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biology, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Reddi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biology, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"tx0502239b00001\/tx0502239b00001_1","first-page":"35","volume":"3","author":"Ljunggren B.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Photodermatology"},{"key":"tx0502239b00002\/tx0502239b00002_1","volume-title":"Phototoxicity of phenothiazine derivatives. II. Photosensitized cross-linking of erythrocyte membrane proteins. Chem.-Biol. Interact. 44, 275\u2212287","author":"Merville M. P.","year":"1983"},{"key":"tx0502239b00003\/tx0502239b00003_1","volume-title":"20, 108\u2212109.","author":"Llambrich A.","year":"2004"},{"key":"tx0502239b00004\/tx0502239b00004_1","volume-title":"Thioridazine induces immediate and delayed erythema in Photopatch Test. Photochem. Photobiol., in press","author":"Takiwaki H.","year":"2005"},{"key":"tx0502239b00005\/tx0502239b00005_1","first-page":"170","volume":"29","author":"Beijersbergen van Henegouwen G. M. J.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Res."},{"key":"tx0502239b00006\/tx0502239b00006_1","volume-title":"Photoinduced free radicals from chlorpromazine and related phenothiazines:\u2009 Relationship to phenothiazine-induced photosensitization. Environ. Health Perspect. 64, 103\u2212110","author":"Chignell C. F.","year":"1985"},{"key":"tx0502239b00007\/tx0502239b00007_1","volume":"103","author":"M\u00fcller L.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett. 102\u2212"},{"key":"tx0502239b00008\/tx0502239b00008_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1562\/0031-8655(2002)075<0011:ESPAIV>2.0.CO;2","volume":"75","author":"Elisei F.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"tx0502239b00009\/tx0502239b00009_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/9781847550712","volume-title":"Drugs:\u2009 Photochemistry and Photostability","author":"Albini A.","year":"1998"},{"key":"tx0502239b00010\/tx0502239b00010_1","volume-title":"Chemical characterization of decomposition products of drugs. Pharmazie 29, 585\u2212589","author":"Pawelczyk E.","year":"1974"},{"key":"tx0502239b00011\/tx0502239b00011_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1981.tb13767.x","volume":"33","author":"Sharples D.","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"tx0502239b00012\/tx0502239b00012_1","volume":"32","author":"Moore D. E.","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"tx0502239b00013\/tx0502239b00013_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(83)90303-4","volume":"65","author":"Mosmann T.","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"tx0502239b00014\/tx0502239b00014_1","volume-title":"Photochemistry of 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid, major metabolite of the photosensitizing platelet antiaggregant drug triflusal. Photochem. Photobiol. 73, 463\u2212468","author":"Bosc\u00e0 F.","year":"2001"},{"key":"tx0502239b00015\/tx0502239b00015_1","volume":"14","author":"Abdel-Moety E. M.","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"tx0502239b00016\/tx0502239b00016_1","volume-title":"Drugs:\u2009 Photochemistry and Photostability","author":"Glass B. D.","year":"1998"},{"key":"tx0502239b00017\/tx0502239b00017_1","volume":"54","author":"Kreyenb\u00fchl B.","year":"1979","journal-title":"Pharm. Acta Helv."},{"key":"tx0502239b00018\/tx0502239b00018_1","first-page":"294","volume-title":"Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances","author":"Florey K.","year":"1973"},{"key":"tx0502239b00019\/tx0502239b00019_1","first-page":"525","volume-title":"Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances","author":"Abdel-Moety E. M.","year":"1989"},{"key":"tx0502239b00020\/tx0502239b00020_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600820323","volume":"82","author":"Jaworski T. J.","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"tx0502239b00021\/tx0502239b00021_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1985.tb03540.x","volume":"42","author":"Motten A.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"tx0502239b00022\/tx0502239b00022_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)95104-0","volume":"13","author":"Huang C. L.","year":"1964","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr."},{"key":"tx0502239b00023\/tx0502239b00023_1","volume-title":"Measurement of cell lysis by light scattering. Photochem. Photobiol. 42, 335\u2212339","author":"Valenzeno D. P.","year":"1985"},{"key":"tx0502239b00024\/tx0502239b00024_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2004.11.016","volume":"37","author":"Bastianon C.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"tx0502239b00025\/tx0502239b00025_1","first-page":"52","volume-title":"Part A","author":"Mitchell S. C.","year":"1998"},{"key":"tx0502239b00026\/tx0502239b00026_1","first-page":"31","volume":"11","author":"Spielmann H.","year":"1994","journal-title":"ALTEX"},{"key":"tx0502239b00027\/tx0502239b00027_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10672.x","volume":"199","author":"Sharma S.","year":"2001","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"tx0502239b00028\/tx0502239b00028_1","volume":"270","author":"Wang J.","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"tx0502239b00029\/tx0502239b00029_1","volume-title":"Calcium\/calmodulin inhibition of basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor domains. Nature 368, 760\u2212764","author":"Corneliussen B.","year":"1994"},{"key":"tx0502239b00030\/tx0502239b00030_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(98)00092-X","volume":"23","author":"Dwyer D. S.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"tx0502239b00031\/tx0502239b00031_1","volume-title":"Distribution of fluphenazine and 163 itsmetabolites in brain regions and other tissues of the rat. Neuropsychopharmacology 13, 235\u2212247","author":"Aravagiri M.","year":"1995"},{"key":"tx0502239b00032\/tx0502239b00032_1","volume-title":"Plasma levels of parent drug and metabolites in patients receiving oral and depot fluphenazine. Psychopharmacol. Bull. 25, 479\u2212482","author":"Marder S. R.","year":"1989"},{"key":"tx0502239b00033\/tx0502239b00033_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eap, C. B., Koeb, L., Powell, K., and Baumann, P. (1995) Determination of the enantiomers of thioridazine, thioridazine 2-sulfone, and of the isomeric pairs of thioridazine 2-sulfoxide and thioridazine 5-sulfoxide in human plasma. J. Chromatogr. B:\u2009 Biomed. Sci. Appl.669, 271\u2212279.","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4347(95)00096-2"},{"key":"tx0502239b00034\/tx0502239b00034_1","volume-title":"Quantitative determination of perphenazine and its metabolites in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography and coulometric detection. J. Chromatogr. B:\u2009 Biomed. Sci. Appl. 668, 291\u2212297","author":"Foglia J. P.","year":"1995"},{"key":"tx0502239n00001\/tx0502239n00001_1","volume-title":"H\u2212H correlation spectroscopy","author":"Abbreviations COSY"}],"container-title":["Chemical Research in Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/tx0502239","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T03:52:06Z","timestamp":1736221926000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/tx0502239"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,17]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/tx0502239"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/tx0502239","relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-228X","1520-5010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-228X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5010","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,17]]}}}