{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T21:28:48Z","timestamp":1788470928492,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,20]],"date-time":"2016-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1482192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["222259"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222259"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, Norwegian Polar Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (cVMS) are emitted to aquatic environments with wastewater effluents. Here, we evaluate the environmental behavior of three cVMS compounds (octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6)) in a high latitude lake (Storvannet, 70\u00b0N 23\u00b0E), experiencing intermittent wastewater emissions and high latitude environmental conditions (low temperatures and seasonal ice cover). Measured cVMS concentrations in lake water were below detection limits in both March and June 2014. However, mean concentrations in sediments were 207 \u00b1 30, 3775 \u00b1 973 and 848 \u00b1 211 ng g\u20131 organic carbon for D4, D5 and D6, respectively. To rationalize measurements, a fugacity-based model for lakes (QWASI) was parametrized for Storvannet. The key removal process for cVMS from the lake was predicted to be advection due to the low hydraulic retention time of the lake, followed by volatilization. Predicted cVMS behavior was highly sensitive to the partition coefficient between organic carbon and water (KOC) and its temperature dependence. Predictions indicated lower overall persistence with decreasing temperature due to enhanced partitioning from sediments to water. Inverse modeling to predict steady-state emissions from cVMS concentrations in sediment provided unrealistically high emissions, when evaluated against measured concentrations in sewage. However, high concentrations of cVMS in sediment and low concentrations in water could be explained via a hypothetical dynamic emission scenario consistent with combined sewer overflows. The study illustrates the importance of considering compound-specific behavior of emerging contaminants that may differ from legacy organic contaminants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b04828","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]],"date-time":"2016-12-06T17:23:36Z","timestamp":1481045016000},"page":"401-409","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Understanding\nof Cyclic Volatile Methyl Siloxane Fate\nin a High Latitude Lake Is Constrained by Uncertainty in Organic Carbon\u2013Water\nPartitioning"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6063-6655","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ingjerd Sunde","family":"Krogseth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NILU \u2212 Norwegian Institute for Air Research, The Fram Centre , P.O. Box 6606 Langnes , ,","place":["Troms\u00f8, Norway, 9296"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael John","family":"Whelan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Leicester , , ,","place":["Leicester, United Kingdom, LE1 7RH"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guttorm Normann","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Akvaplan-niva AS, The Fram Centre , P.O. Box 6606 Langnes , ,","place":["Troms\u00f8, Norway, 9296"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Knut","family":"Breivik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NILU \u2212 Norwegian Institute for Air Research , P.O. Box 100, ,","place":["Kjeller, Norway, 2027"]},{"name":"University of Oslo , , P.O. Box 1033, Blindern , ,","place":["Oslo, Norway, 0315"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Evenset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Akvaplan-niva AS, The Fram Centre , P.O. Box 6606 Langnes , ,","place":["Troms\u00f8, Norway, 9296"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas Alexander","family":"Warner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NILU \u2212 Norwegian Institute for Air Research, The Fram Centre , P.O. Box 6606 Langnes , ,","place":["Troms\u00f8, Norway, 9296"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit1","volume-title":"Environmental Risk Assessment Report:\nDecamethylcyclopentasiloxane","author":"Brooke","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit2","volume-title":"Environmental Risk Assessment Report:\nOctamethylcyclotetrasiloxane","author":"Brooke","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit3","volume-title":"Environmental Risk Assessment Report:\nDodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane","author":"Brooke","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.10.041","article-title":"Review of\nrecent advances in research on the toxicity, detection, occurrence\nand fate of cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes in the environment","volume":"93","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.10.046","article-title":"Monitoring and modelling of siloxanes in a sewage treatment\nplant in the UK","volume":"93","author":"van Egmond","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.10.047","article-title":"Concentrations of cyclic\nvolatile methylsiloxanes in biosolid amended\nsoil, influent, effluent, receiving water, and sediment of wastewater\ntreatment plants in Canada","volume":"93","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2014.10.007","article-title":"Fate of anthropogenic\ncyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in a wastewater treatment plant","volume":"72","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit8","volume-title":"Member state committe (MSC)\nopinion on persistency and bioaccumulation of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane\n(D4) EC Number: 209\u2013136\u20137 CAS Number: 556\u201367\u20132\nand decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) EC Number: 208\u2013764\u20139\nCAS Number 541\u201302\u20136 according to a MSC mandate, adopted\non 22 April 2015","author":"European Chemicals Agency (ECHA).","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit9","volume-title":"Background Document to the Opinion on the Annex XV\ndossier proposing restrictions on Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4)\nand Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). 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Pollut."},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit52","volume-title":"Siloxanes\nin Freshwater\nFood Webs\u2500A Study of Three Lakes in Norway","author":"Borga\u030a","year":"2013"},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit53","volume-title":"Siloxanes in the Environment of the\nInner Oslofjord","author":"Schlabach","year":"2007"},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.10.044","article-title":"Determination\nof cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in water, sediment, soil, biota,\nand biosolid using large-volume injection-gas chromatography-mass\nspectrometry","volume":"93","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2011.11.058","article-title":"Analysis\nof linear and cyclic methylsiloxanes\nin water by headspace-solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass\nspectrometry","volume":"89","author":"Companioni-Damas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit56","volume-title":"Trophic Dilution of Cyclic\nVolatile Methylsiloxane (cVMS) Materials in a Temperate Freshwater\nLake","author":"Powell","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit57","volume-title":"Bioaccumulation and Trophic\nTransfer of Cyclic Volatile Methylsiloxane (cVMS) Materials in the\nAquatic Marine Food Webs of the Inner and outer Oslofjord, Norway","author":"Powell","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026090113433799300_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8434","DOI":"10.1021\/es0502526","article-title":"Improving\ndata quality for environmental fate models: A least-squares adjustment\nprocedure for harmonizing physicochemical properties of organic compounds","volume":"39","author":"Schenker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. 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