{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T09:08:05Z","timestamp":1762506485573,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"6","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PEst-OE\/EEI\/UI0308\/2014","PTDC\/SEN-TRA\/117251\/2010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PEst-OE\/EEI\/UI0308\/2014","PTDC\/SEN-TRA\/117251\/2010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Quadro de Refer\u00eancia Estrat\u00e9gico Nacional"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CENTRO 07 0224 FEDER 002004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CENTRO 07 0224 FEDER 002004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ. Sci. Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,17]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/es505435j","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]],"date-time":"2015-01-26T20:46:22Z","timestamp":1422305182000},"page":"3949-3957","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Assessment of Nigerian Liquefied Natural Gas Addressing Uncertainty"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Amir","family":"Safaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research\rand Development Unit, INESC-Coimbra, R. Antero Quental, 199, 3000\u2212033 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"ADAI-LAETA,\rDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, P\u00f3lo\rII Campus, Rua Luis Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Fausto","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADAI-LAETA,\rDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, P\u00f3lo\rII Campus, Rua Luis Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Henggeler Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research\rand Development Unit, INESC-Coimbra, R. Antero Quental, 199, 3000\u2212033 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Department\rof Electrical Engineering and Computers, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Polo II, University of Coimbra, 3030\u2212290 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","unstructured":"IGU. International Gas Union; World LNG Report 2013 Edition,  (2013."},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","unstructured":"U.S. EIA. Nigeria country report: http:\/\/www.eia.gov\/countries\/cab.cfm?fips=ni. 2012 (last accessed March 9, 2014) ."},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","unstructured":"World Bank Estimated Flared Volumes from Satellite Data, 2007\u20132011. 2012. Available at:http:\/\/go.worldbank.org\/G2OAW2DKZ0(last accessed March 9, 2014) ."},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2012.03.018","volume":"45","author":"Anomohanran O.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"volume-title":"Gas Flaring and Venting: Extent, Impacts, and Remedies","year":"2010","author":"Buzcu-Guven B.","key":"ref5\/cit5"},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","unstructured":"Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation. 2013, Annual Statistical Bulletin. 2011. Available at:http:\/\/www.nnpcgroup.com\/PublicRelations\/OilandGasStatistics\/AnnualStatisticsBulletin.aspx(accessed March 9, 2014) ."},{"key":"ref7\/cit7","unstructured":"Kavalov, B.; Petri\u0107, H.; Georgakaki, A.Liquefied NG for Europe\u2014Some Important Issues for Consideration. JRC\u2013IE report.European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Energy:Luxembourg, 2010."},{"issue":"17","key":"ref8\/cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6290","DOI":"10.1021\/es063031o","volume":"41","author":"Jaramillo P.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","unstructured":"NETL. Life Cycle Analysis: Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) Power Plant. September 10, 2012. DOE\/NETL-403\u2013110509."},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-2619(00)00062-3","volume":"68","author":"Tamura I.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2007.05.005","volume":"84","author":"Okamura T.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2009.11.012","volume":"87","author":"Arteconi A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref13\/cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2008.08.018","volume":"86","author":"L\u00f3pez J. M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","unstructured":"Edwards, R.; Lariv\u00e9, J. F.; Rickeard, D.; Weindorf, W.Well-to-wheels analysis of future automotive fuels and powertrains in the European context. 2006. Version 4a. April 2014."},{"issue":"4","key":"ref15\/cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s10669-010-9292-7","volume":"30","author":"Ekpoh I. J.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environmentalist"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref16\/cit16","first-page":"70","volume":"1","author":"Ite A. E.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Environ. Prot."},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","unstructured":"Environmental management\u2014Life cycle assessment\u2014 Requirements and guidelines. ISO 14044:2006.International Organization for Standardization:Geneva, Switzerland, 2006."},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2012.11.010","volume":"53","author":"Jenner S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2012.04.010","volume":"46","author":"Stephenson E.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8182","DOI":"10.1021\/es200930h","volume":"45","author":"Venkatesh A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2172\/1515238","volume-title":"Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Inventory of Natural Gas Extraction, Delivery and Electricity Production","author":"Skone T. J.","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","unstructured":"API. Compendium of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Methodologiesfor the Oil and NG Industry\u2014 (2009.http:\/\/www.api.org\/environment-health-and-safety\/climate-change\/whats-new\/compendium-ghg-methodologies-oil-and-gas-industry.aspx."},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","unstructured":"Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.Stocker, T. F.; Qin, D.; Plattner, G.K.; Tignor, M.; Allen, S. K.; Boschung, J.; Nauels, A.; Xia, Y.; Bex, V.; Midgley, P. M., Eds.Cambridge University Press,Cambridge,1535"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","unstructured":"Advanced Resources International, Inc.; ICF International. Greenhouse Gas Life-Cycle Emissions Study: Fuel Life-Cycle of U.S. NG Supplies and International LNG. 2008."},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","unstructured":"REN. Gas Properties. REN Gasodutos S.A.Rede Nacional De Transportes De G\u00e1s Natural:Portugal. 2008."},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","unstructured":"Sevenster, M. N.; Croezen, H. J.The natural gas chain. Toward a global life-cycle assessment.CE:Delft, Netherlands, 2006."},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","unstructured":"Galp Energia. Natural Gas supply in Portugal. 2012.http:\/\/www.galpenergia.com\/EN\/Investidor\/ConhecerGalpEnergia\/Os-nossos-negocios\/Gas-Power\/Gas-Natural\/Aprovisionamento\/Paginas\/Aprovisionamento.aspx(last accessed March 9, 2014)."},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","unstructured":"Schori, S.; Frischknecht, R.Life-cycle Inventory of NG Supply. Version 2012.ESU-Services, Ltd. 2012."},{"volume-title":"Sachbilanzen von Energiesystemen: Grundlagen f\u00fcr den \u00f6kologischen Vergleich von Energiesystemen und den Einbezug von Energiesystemen in \u00d6kobilanzen f\u00fcr die Schweiz","year":"2004","author":"Jungbluth N. E.","key":"ref29\/cit29"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1596\/978-0-8213-9973-6","volume-title":"Assessing low-carbon development in Nigeria: An analysis of four sectors","author":"Cervigni R.","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref31\/cit31","unstructured":"Willbros Nembe Creek Gas Gathering Pipeline Project. 2011.http:\/\/www.willbros.com\/_filelib\/FileCabinet\/Projects\/Africa\/0273.pdf?FileName=0273.pdf."},{"issue":"9","key":"ref32\/cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.1021\/ie302877g","volume":"52","author":"Lim W.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","unstructured":"Pillarella, M.; Liu, Y.N.; Petrowski, J.; Bower, R.The C3MR liquefaction cycle: Versatility for a Fast Growing, Ever Changing LNG Industry. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on LNG (LNG-15), Barcelona, Spain,Saipem S.p.A:Milanese, Milan - Italy, April 24\u201327, 2007."},{"key":"ref34\/cit34","unstructured":"Eni-Saipem. LNG liquefaction, regasification, and tankage onshore engineering and construction project references. 2010.http:\/\/www.saipem.com\/site\/download.jsp?idDocument=1919&instance=2."},{"key":"ref35\/cit35","unstructured":"Pluto LNG Project Greenhouse Gas Abatement Program. Second Revision.Woodside:Perth, Western Australia, 2011.http:\/\/www.woodside.com.au\/Our-Business\/pluto\/sustainability\/Pages\/Environment.aspx."},{"key":"ref36\/cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9571","DOI":"10.1021\/ie801975q","volume":"48","author":"Faruque Hasan M. M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","unstructured":"ERSE Annual Report to the European Commission. Energy Services Regulatory Authority of Portugal. 2011.http:\/\/www.erse.pt\/pt\/uniaoeuropeia\/Documents\/Annual_Report_EC_2011.pdf."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref38\/cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1162\/jiec.2007.1136","volume":"11","author":"Lloyd S.","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Ind. Ecol."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref39\/cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-9290.2010.00227.x","volume":"14","author":"Mal\u00e7a J.","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Ind. Ecol."},{"key":"ref40\/cit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2013.06.048","volume":"114","author":"Mal\u00e7a J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"ref41\/cit41","unstructured":"Oracle Crystal Ball. EPM Information Development Team. Release 11.1.2.2. 2012."},{"key":"ref42\/cit42","unstructured":"Ruether, J.; Ramezan, M.; Grol, E.Life-cycle analysis of greenhouse gas emissions for hydrogen fuel production in the United States from LNG and coal.U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory:Washington, DC, 2005."},{"key":"ref43\/cit43","unstructured":"Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change fourth assessment report (AR4) Working Group 1, the Physical Science Basis. 2007.http:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/publications_and_data\/ar4\/wg1\/en\/contents.html."},{"key":"ref44\/cit44","unstructured":"Uyigue, E.; Agho, M.Coping with climate change and environmental degradation in the Niger Delta of southern Nigeria.Community Research and Development Centre:Benin, Nigeria, 2007"},{"issue":"44","key":"ref45\/cit45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17768","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1304880110","volume":"110","author":"Allen D. T.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"ref46\/cit46","unstructured":"Global Methane Initiative. Global MethaneEmissions andMitigation Opportunities.  (2011.https:\/\/www.globalmethane.org."}],"container-title":["Environmental Science &amp; Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/es505435j","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]],"date-time":"2023-04-22T17:50:58Z","timestamp":1682185858000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/es505435j"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,24]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,17]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/es505435j"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es505435j","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0013-936X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1520-5851"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,24]]}}}