{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T04:23:20Z","timestamp":1769747000539,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,1]],"date-time":"1999-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":922924800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,1]],"date-time":"1999-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":922924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Synthese"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,4]]},"DOI":"10.1023\/a:1005299405864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,21]],"date-time":"2002-12-21T16:13:47Z","timestamp":1040487227000},"page":"157-189","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Boltzmann and Epistemology"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Blackmore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"242109_CR1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the In-ternational Symposium on Ludwig Boltzmann (Rome, February 9-11, 1989","year":"1993","unstructured":"Battimelli, C., M. G. Iannielo, and O. Kresten (eds.): 1993, Proceedings of the In-ternational Symposium on Ludwig Boltzmann (Rome, February 9-11, 1989),Verlag der \u00f6sterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien. [This recent publication includes articles by Cercigriani, Flamm, Wilson, and others. Most of the articles are on Boltzmann's contributions to physics or on controversies resulting from them.]"},{"key":"242109_CR2","volume-title":"Ernst Mach-His Life, Work, and Influence","author":"J. Blackmore","year":"1970","unstructured":"Blackmore, J.: 1970a, Ernst Mach-His Life, Work, and Influence, Vol.I, Xerox Microfilm, Ann Arbor."},{"key":"242109_CR3","volume-title":"Ernst Mach-His Life, Work, and Influence","author":"J. Blackmore","year":"1970","unstructured":"Blackmore, J.: 1970b, Ernst Mach-His Life, Work, and Influence, Vol.II, Xerox Microfilm, Ann Arbor."},{"key":"242109_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520325708","volume-title":"Ernst Mach-His Life, Work, and Influence","author":"J. Blackmore","year":"1972","unstructured":"Blackmore, J.: 1972, Ernst Mach-His Life, Work, and Influence, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles."},{"key":"242109_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1093\/bjps\/29.4.347","volume":"29","author":"J. Blackmore","year":"1978","unstructured":"Blackmore, J.: 1978, 'Is Planck's \"Principle\", True?', British Journal for the Philosophy of Science\n                  29, 347-9. [This article points out that Kuhn's quotation from Planek about how science advances is misleading, especially about Planck himself.]","journal-title":"British Journal for the Philosophy of Science"},{"key":"242109_CR6","first-page":"155","volume-title":"Ludwig Boltzmann Ausgew\u00e4hlte Abandlungen (Ludwig Boltzmann Gesamtausgabe","author":"J. Blackmore","year":"1982","unstructured":"Blackmore, J.: 1982, 'Boltzmann's Concessions to Mach's Philosophy of Science' in R. Sexl and J. Blackmore (eds.), Ludwig Boltzmann Ausgew\u00e4hlte Abandlungen (Ludwig Boltzmann Gesamtausgabe, Band 8), Vieweg, Braunschweig\/Wiesbaden, pp. 155-90."},{"key":"242109_CR7","volume-title":"Ernst Mach als Aussenseiter-Machs Briefwechsel \u00fcher Philosophie und Relativit\u00e4tstheorie mit Pers\u00f6nlichkeiten seiner Zeit","year":"1985","unstructured":"Blackmore, J. and K. Hentschel (eds.): 1985, Ernst Mach als Aussenseiter-Machs Briefwechsel \u00fcher Philosophie und Relativit\u00e4tstheorie mit Pers\u00f6nlichkeiten seiner Zeit, Wilhelm Braum\u00fcller, Wien."},{"key":"242109_CR8","volume-title":"Ernst Mach-A Deeper Look","year":"1992","unstructured":"Blackmore, J. (ed.): 1992, Ernst Mach-A Deeper Look, Kluwer, Dordrecht."},{"key":"242109_CR9","volume-title":"Ludwig Boltzmann His Later Life and Philosophy 1900-1906, A Documentary History","year":"1995","unstructured":"Blackmore, J. (ed.): 1995a, Ludwig Boltzmann His Later Life and Philosophy 1900-1906, A Documentary History, Vol. I, Kluwer, Dordrecht. [This work includes a translation of most of Boltzmann's letters from 1900 to 1906.]"},{"key":"242109_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-0489-2","volume-title":"Ludwig Boltzmann His Later Life and Philosophy 1900-1906, A Documentary History","author":"J. Blackmore","year":"1995","unstructured":"Blackmore, J.: 1995b, Ludwig Boltzmann His Later Life and Philosophy 1900-1906, A Documentary History, Vol. II, Kluwer, Dordrecht. [This book is an attempt to describe the changes in Boltzmann's philosophy of nature from 1903 to 1906.]"},{"key":"242109_CR11","first-page":"137","volume":"58","author":"L. Boltzmann","year":"1896","unstructured":"Boltzmann, L.: 1896, 'Zur Energetik', Annalen der Physik und Chemie,n.f.58, 137-140.","journal-title":"Annalen der Physik und Chemie"},{"key":"242109_CR12","volume-title":"Vorlesungen \u00fcber die Principe der Mechanik","author":"L. Boltzmann","year":"1897","unstructured":"Boltzmann, Ludwig: 1897 and 1906, Vorlesungen \u00fcber die Principe der Mechanik,2Vols., Barth, Leipzig."},{"key":"242109_CR13","first-page":"549","volume-title":"Enzyklop\u00e4die der mathematischen Wissenschaften","author":"L. Boltzmann","year":"1907","unstructured":"Boltzmann, L. and J. Nabl: 1907, 'Kinetische Theorie der Materie', Enzyklop\u00e4die der mathematischen Wissenschaften, Vol. 5, Physik Band 1, Teil 8, Teubner, Leipzig, p. 549 following."},{"key":"242109_CR14","volume-title":"Popul\u00e4re Schriften","author":"L. Boltzmann","year":"1925","unstructured":"Boltzmann, Ludwig.: 1925 (1905), Popul\u00e4re Schriften,Barth, Leipzig."},{"key":"242109_CR15","volume-title":"Wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen","author":"L. Boltzmann","year":"1968","unstructured":"Boltzmann, L.: 1968 (1909), in F. Hasen\u00f6hrl (ed.), Wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen,3 Vols., Chelsea Publishing Company, New York."},{"key":"242109_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-010-2091-6","volume-title":"theoretical Physics and Philosophical Problems","author":"L. Boltzmann","year":"1974","unstructured":"Boltzmann, L.: 1974, in B. McGuinness (ed.), theoretical Physics and Philosophical Problems, Reidel, Dordrecht."},{"key":"242109_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-322-86111-5","volume-title":"Popul\u00e4re Scriften","author":"L. Boltzmann","year":"1979","unstructured":"Boltzmann, L.: 1979 (1905), Popul\u00e4re Scriften (incomplete), chapters selected by E. Broda and edited by R. Sexl, Vieweg, Braunschweig\/Wiesbaden."},{"key":"242109_CR18","volume-title":"Lectures on Gas Theory","author":"L. Boltzmann","year":"1995","unstructured":"Boltzmann, Ludwig.: 1995 (1964), Lectures on Gas Theory, edited and translated by Stephen Brush, Dover, New York."},{"key":"242109_CR19","volume-title":"Ludwig Boltzmann-Man-Physicist-Philosopher","author":"E. Broda","year":"1983","unstructured":"Broda, E.: 1983, Ludwig Boltzmann-Man-Physicist-Philosopher, Ox Bow Press, Woodbridge, Connecticut. [This is the first biography on Boltzmann to appear in English. It is an updated translation of a 1955 book in German.]"},{"key":"242109_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-322-88803-7","volume-title":"Die Temperatur der Geschichte","author":"S. Brush","year":"1987","unstructured":"Brush, Stephen.: 1987, Die Temperatur der Geschichte, Vieweg, Branschweig."},{"key":"242109_CR21","volume-title":"Kraft und Stoff","author":"L. B\u00fcchner","year":"1876","unstructured":"B\u00fcchner, L.: 1876 (1855), Kraft und Stoff, 14 Auflage, Verlag von Theodor Thomas, Leipzig."},{"key":"242109_CR22","volume-title":"Introductory Course of Natural Philosophy for the Use of High Schools and Academies","year":"1881","unstructured":"Burbank, L. S. and J. I. Hanson (eds.): 1881, Introductory Course of Natural Philosophy for the Use of High Schools and Academies, edited from Ganot's Popular Physics by William G. Peck.: 1860, A.S. Barnes and Company, New York and Chicago."},{"key":"242109_CR23","volume-title":"The Metaphysical Foundations of Modern Science","author":"E. A. Burtt","year":"1954","unstructured":"Burtt, E. A:1954 (1924), The Metaphysical Foundations of Modern Science, Doubleday, Garden City. [This is a very fundamental book for people who want to understand the epistemological assumptions of the leaders of the Scientific Revolution.]"},{"key":"242109_CR24","volume-title":"Meaning and Necessity-A Study in Semantics and Model Logic","author":"R. Carnap","year":"1956","unstructured":"Carnap, R.: 1956, Meaning and Necessity-A Study in Semantics and Model Logic, University of Chicago Press, Chicago."},{"key":"242109_CR25","volume-title":"Ludwig Boltzman-The Man Who Trusted Atoms","author":"C. Cercignani","year":"1998","unstructured":"Cercignani, Carlo: 1998, Ludwig Boltzman-The Man Who Trusted Atoms, foreword by Sir Roger Penrose, Oxford University Press, Oxford. [The first well-documented biography of Boltzmann in English.]"},{"key":"242109_CR26","volume-title":"La Th\u00e9orie physique au sens de Boltzmann et ses prolongements modernes","author":"R. Dugas","year":"1959","unstructured":"Dugas, R.: 1959, La Th\u00e9orie physique au sens de Boltzmann et ses prolongements modernes, \u00c9ditions du Griffon, Neuchatel-Suisse, Distribution Dunod, Paris.","edition":"\u00c9ditions du Gri"},{"key":"242109_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1002\/andp.19023141007","volume":"9","author":"A. Einstein","year":"1902","unstructured":"Einstein, A.: 1902, 'Kinetisehe Theorie des Warmegleichgewichtes und des zweiten Hauptsatzes der Thermodynamik', Annalen der Physik\n                  9, 417-433.","journal-title":"Annalen der Physik"},{"key":"242109_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1002\/andp.19033160510","volume":"11","author":"A. Einstein","year":"1903","unstructured":"Einstein, A.: 1903, 'Eine Theorie der Grundlagen der Thermodynamik', Annalen der Physik11, 170-87.","journal-title":"Annalen der Physik"},{"key":"242109_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1002\/andp.19053221004","volume":"17","author":"A. Einstein","year":"1905","unstructured":"Einstein, A.: 1905, 'Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter K\u00f6rper', Annalen der Physik\n                  17, 891-921.","journal-title":"Annalen der Physik"},{"key":"242109_CR30","volume-title":"Out of MyLaterYears","author":"A. Einstein","year":"1970","unstructured":"Einstein, A.: 1970 (1950), Out of MyLaterYears,Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut."},{"key":"242109_CR31","volume-title":"Collected Papers of Albert Einstein","author":"A. Einstein","year":"1987","unstructured":"Einstein, A.: 1987, in J. Stachel (ed.), Collected Papers of Albert Einstein, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey."},{"key":"242109_CR32","volume-title":"Ludwig Boltzmann Principien der Naturfilosofi","year":"1990","unstructured":"Fasol-Boltzmann, I. M. (ed.): 1990, Ludwig Boltzmann Principien der Naturfilosofi, Springer Verlag, Berlin. [This is an extremely valuable work for anyone interested in Boltzmann's late philosophy. Frau Fasol-Boltzmann deciphered Boltzmann's short hand notes and included the results plus other documents. This book also includes articles by Gerhard Fasol and Stephen Brush.]"},{"key":"242109_CR33","volume-title":"Ludwig Boltzmann Gesamtausgabe","author":"D. Flamm","year":"1982","unstructured":"Flamm, D.: 1982, 'Die Pers\u00f6nchkeit Ludwig Boltzmanns', in R. Sexl and J. Blackmore (eds.), Ludwig Boltzmann Gesamtausgabe, Band 8, Vieweg, Braunschweig."},{"key":"242109_CR34","volume-title":"Hochgeehrter Herr Professor! Innig geliebter Louis! Ludwig Boltzmann Henriette von Aigentler B riefwechsel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Flamm, D. (ed.): 1995, Hochgeehrter Herr Professor! Innig geliebter Louis! Ludwig Boltzmann Henriette von Aigentler B riefwechsel, B\u00f6hlau Verlag, Wien-K\u00f6ln-Weimar. [This book includes the correspondence between Boltzmann and his fianc\u00e9 from 1872 to 1876 when Boltzmann got married and returned from teaching mathematics in Vienna to teaching experimental physics in Graz.]"},{"key":"242109_CR35","unstructured":"Frank, P.: 1962, 'Transcript of a Tape-Recorded Interview by Thomas S. Kuhn', July 16, 1962, copy located in the Niels Bohr Library, College Park, Maryland."},{"key":"242109_CR36","unstructured":"Ganot, A.: 1851, Trait\u00e9 \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire de physique exp\u00e9rimentale et appliqu\u00e9e et de met\u00e9orologie...[published by the author himself], Paris."},{"key":"242109_CR37","unstructured":"Ganot, A.: 1859, Cours de physique purement exp\u00e9rimentale, 'a l'usage des personnes \u00e9trang\u00e8res aux connaisances math\u00e9matiques,...[published by the author himself], Pans."},{"key":"242109_CR38","volume-title":"Natural Philosophy for the Use of Schools and Academies","author":"J. A. Gillet","year":"1881","unstructured":"Gillet, J. A. and W. J. Rolfe: 1881, Natural Philosophy for the Use of Schools and Academies, American Book Company, New York-Cincinnati-Chicago."},{"key":"242109_CR39","volume-title":"A Textbook of Physics-Largely Experimental","author":"E. H. Hall","year":"1892","unstructured":"Hall, E. H.. and J. Y. Bergen Jr.: 1892, A Textbook of Physics-Largely Experimental, Henry Holt, New York."},{"key":"242109_CR40","unstructured":"Hertz, H: 1894, Die Principien der Mechanik,Barth."},{"key":"242109_CR41","volume-title":"Ludwig Boltzmann Leben und Briefe","author":"W. H\u00f6flechner","year":"1994","unstructured":"H\u00f6flechner, W.: 1994, Ludwig Boltzmann Leben und Briefe, Akademische Druck und Verlagsanstalt, Graz. [This book includes almost all of the extant correspondence of Ludwig Boltzmann. It also contains a detailed biography.]"},{"key":"242109_CR42","volume-title":"Schabus' Anfangsgr\u00fcnde der Naturlehre. Zum Gebrauche an den unteren Classen der Mittelschulen","year":"1881","unstructured":"H\u00f6fler, A (ed.): 1881 (1854), Schabus' Anfangsgr\u00fcnde der Naturlehre. Zum Gebrauche an den unteren Classen der Mittelschulen, Vierzehnte Auflage, Carl Gerold's Sohn, Wien."},{"key":"242109_CR43","volume-title":"Naturlehre f\u00fcr die Oberstufe der Gymnasien, Realschulen, und verwandter Lehranstalten","author":"A. H\u00f6fler","year":"1903","unstructured":"H\u00f6fler, A.: 1903, Naturlehre f\u00fcr die Oberstufe der Gymnasien, Realschulen, und verwandter Lehranstalten, unter mitwirkung von Dr. Eduard Maisss und Dr. Friedrich Poske, Vieweg und Sohn, Braunschweig und Carl Gerold's Sohn, Wien."},{"key":"242109_CR44","volume-title":"Die Deutsche Philosophie der Gegenwart in Selbstdarstellungen","author":"A. H\u00f6fler","year":"1921","unstructured":"H\u00f6fler, A..: 1921, 'DeDie Philosophic des Alois H\u00f6fler', in R. Schmidt (ed.), Die Deutsche Philosophie der Gegenwart in Selbstdarstellungen, zweiter Band, Verlag von Felix Meiner, Leipzig."},{"key":"242109_CR45","volume-title":"Ludwig Boltzmanns Wege nach Berlin","year":"1989","unstructured":"H\u00f6rst, H. and Andreas Laa\u00df (eds.): 1989, Ludwig Boltzmanns Wege nach Berlin, Akademie Verlag, Berlin. [This work includes documents and correspondence about Boltzmann's abortive attempt to become a professor in Berlin in the late 1880's.]"},{"key":"242109_CR46","volume-title":"Introduction to Concepts and Theories in Physical Science","author":"G. Holton","year":"1974","unstructured":"Holton, G.: 1974, Introduction to Concepts and Theories in Physical Science, revised and with new material by Stephen G. Brush, 2nd edn, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading Massachusetts.","edition":"2nd edn"},{"key":"242109_CR47","first-page":"261","volume-title":"Thematic Origins of Scientific Thought-Kepler to Einstein","author":"G. Holton","year":"1974","unstructured":"Holton, G.: 1974, 'Einstein, Michelson, and the 'Crucial' Experiment', in Thematic Origins of Scientific Thought-Kepler to Einstein,Harvard University Press, Cambridge, pp. 261-352."},{"key":"242109_CR48","volume-title":"Science and Anti-Science","author":"G. Holton","year":"1993","unstructured":"Holton, G.: 1993, Science and Anti-Science, Harvard University Press, Cambridge."},{"key":"242109_CR49","volume-title":"Aus dem wissenschaftlichen Briefwechsel Wilhelm Ostwalti","year":"1961","unstructured":"K\u00f6rber, H. G. (ed.): 1961, Aus dem wissenschaftlichen Briefwechsel Wilhelm Ostwalti, Band I, Akademie Verlag, Berlin."},{"key":"242109_CR50","volume-title":"The Structure of Scientific Revolutions","author":"T. Kuhn","year":"1970","unstructured":"Kuhn, T.: 1970 (1962), The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 2nd edn. Enlarged (International Encyclopedia of Unified Science, editor-in-chief Otto Neurath, Vol. 2, No. 2), University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London.","edition":"2nd edn."},{"key":"242109_CR51","volume-title":"The Einstein Decade (1905-1915","author":"C. Lanczos","year":"1974","unstructured":"Lanczos, C.: 1974, The Einstein Decade (1905-1915), Academic Press, New York and London."},{"key":"242109_CR52","volume-title":"A Biographical History of Philosophy","author":"G. H. Lewes","year":"1902","unstructured":"Lewes, G. H.: 1902 (1845-46), A Biographical History of Philosophy,4vols., George Routledge & Sons, London."},{"key":"242109_CR53","volume-title":"Physik im Lehrbuch 1700-1850-Zur Geschichte der Physik und ihrer Didaktik in Deutschland","author":"G. Lind","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lind, G.: 1992, Physik im Lehrbuch 1700-1850-Zur Geschichte der Physik und ihrer Didaktik in Deutschland, Springer-Verlag, Berlin."},{"key":"242109_CR54","volume-title":"Compendium der Physik f\u00fcr Mediciner","author":"E. Mach","year":"1863","unstructured":"Mach, E.: 1863, Compendium der Physik f\u00fcr Mediciner, W. Braum\u00fcller, Wien."},{"key":"242109_CR55","unstructured":"Mach, E.: 1872, Die Geschichte und Wurzel des Satzes von der Erhaltung der Arbeit, Calve, Prag."},{"key":"242109_CR56","volume-title":"Die Mechanik in ihrer Etwicklung historisch-kritisch dargestellt","author":"E. Mach","year":"1883","unstructured":"Mach, E.: 1883, Die Mechanik in ihrer Etwicklung historisch-kritisch dargestellt, Brockhaus, Leipzig."},{"key":"242109_CR57","volume-title":"Beitr\u00e4ge zur Analyse der Empfindungen","author":"E. Mach","year":"1886","unstructured":"Mach, E.: 1886, Beitr\u00e4ge zur Analyse der Empfindungen, G. Fischer, Jena."},{"key":"242109_CR58","volume-title":"Grundriss der Naturlehre f\u00fcr die unteren Classen der Mittelschulen, Ausgabe f\u00fcr Gymnasien","author":"E. Mach","year":"1910","unstructured":"Mach, E. and J. Odstrcil: 1910 (1887), Grundriss der Naturlehre f\u00fcr die unteren Classen der Mittelschulen, Ausgabe f\u00fcr Gymnasien,Vol.7,Auflage,Tempsky, Prag."},{"key":"242109_CR59","volume-title":"Grundriss der Naturlehre f\u00fcr die oberen Classen der Mittelschulen, Ausgabe f\u00fcr Gymnasien","author":"E. Mach","year":"1891","unstructured":"Mach, E. and J. Odstrcil: 1891, Grundriss der Naturlehre f\u00fcr die oberen Classen der Mittelschulen, Ausgabe f\u00fcr Gymnasien, Tempsky, Prag."},{"key":"242109_CR60","volume-title":"Leitfaden der Physik f\u00fcr Studierende","author":"E. Mach","year":"1891","unstructured":"Mach, E. and G. Jaumann: 1891, Leitfaden der Physik f\u00fcr Studierende, Tempsky, Prag und Wien; Freytag, Leipzig. [A second edition appeared in 1891 without the contribution from Jaumann.]"},{"key":"242109_CR61","first-page":"599","volume":"11","author":"E. Mach","year":"1910","unstructured":"Mach, E.: 1910, 'Die Leigedanken meiner naturwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnislehre und ihre Aufnahme durch die Zeitgenossen', Physikalische Zeitschrift\n                  11, 599-606.","journal-title":"Physikalische Zeitschrift"},{"key":"242109_CR62","volume-title":"Analysis of Sensations","author":"E. Mach","year":"1959","unstructured":"Mach, E.: 1959 (1897), Analysis of Sensations, Dover, New York."},{"key":"242109_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1080\/00963402.1964.11454713","volume":"20","author":"L. Meitner","year":"1964","unstructured":"Meitner, L.: 1964, 'Looking Back', Bulletin of Atomic Scientists\n                  20, 2-7.","journal-title":"Bulletin of Atomic Scientists"},{"key":"242109_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-1102-7","volume-title":"Reminiscences of the Vienna Circle and the Mathematical Colloquium","author":"K. Menger","year":"1994","unstructured":"Menger, K.: 1994, in L. Golland, B. McGuinness, and A. Sklar (eds.), Reminiscences of the Vienna Circle and the Mathematical Colloquium, Kluwer, Dordrecht"},{"key":"242109_CR65","unstructured":"Moleschott, J.: 1857 (1852), Der Kreislauf des Lebens,V.vonZabern,Mainz."},{"key":"242109_CR66","unstructured":"Motz, H.: 1982, 'Did the Germ of General Relativity Come from Boltzmann?', in R. Sexl and J. Blackmore (eds.), Ludwig Boltzmann Ausgew\u00e4hlte Abhandlungen(Ludwig Boltzmann Gesamtausgabe, Band 8), Vieweg, Braunschweig\/Wiesbaden, pp. 355-61."},{"key":"242109_CR67","volume-title":"American Physics in Transition","author":"A. E. Moyer","year":"1986","unstructured":"Moyer, Albert E.: 1986, American Physics in Transition(The History of Modern Physics 1800-1950, Volume 3), Tomash Publishers, Los Angeles and San Francisco."},{"key":"242109_CR68","first-page":"62","volume":"10","author":"M. Planck","year":"1909","unstructured":"Planck, M.: 1909, 'Die Einheit des physikalischen Weltbildes', Physikalische Zeitschrift\n                  10, 62-75.","journal-title":"Physikalische Zeitschrift"},{"key":"242109_CR69","first-page":"1186","volume":"11","author":"M. Planck","year":"1910","unstructured":"Planck, M.: 1910, 'Zur Machschen Theorie der physikalischen Erkenntnis-Eine Erwiderung', Physikalische Zeitschrift\n                  11, 1186-1190.","journal-title":"Physikalische Zeitschrift"},{"key":"242109_CR70","volume-title":"Elementary Treatise on Physics-Experimental and Applied for the Use of Colleges and Schools","year":"1909","unstructured":"Reinold, A. W. (ed.): 1909, Elementary Treatise on Physics-Experimental and Applied for the Use of Colleges and Schools, translated from Ganot's \u00c9l\u00e9ments de Physique by E. Atkinson, seventeenth edition (1906), William Wood and Company, New York.","edition":"seventeenth edi"},{"key":"242109_CR71","volume-title":"Albert Einstein-Eine dokumentarische Biographie","author":"C. Seelig","year":"1954","unstructured":"Seelig, C.: 1954, Albert Einstein-Eine dokumentarische Biographie, Europa Verlag, Z\u00fcrich-Stuttgart-Wien."},{"key":"242109_CR72","unstructured":"Sexl, R. and J. Blackmore (eds.): 1982, Ausgew\u00e4hlte Abhandlungen der internationalen Tagung Wien 1981(Ludwig Boltzmann Gesamtausgabe, Band 8), Akademische Druck und Verlagsanstalt, Graz und Freidrich Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig\/Wiesbaden."},{"key":"242109_CR73","volume-title":"Ludwig Boltzmann Altmeister der klassischen Physik und Wegbereiter der Quantenmechanik und Evolutionstheorie","author":"W. Stiller","year":"1989","unstructured":"Stiller, W.: 1989, Ludwig Boltzmann Altmeister der klassischen Physik und Wegbereiter der Quantenmechanik und Evolutionstheorie, Verlag Harri Deutsch, Thun & Frankfurt am Main. [This book has added much useful information about Boltzmann's colleagues, friends, and opponents.]"},{"key":"242109_CR74","unstructured":"Vogt, C.: 1855 (1954), K\u00f6hlenglaube und Wissenschaft,J.Ricker,Giessen."},{"key":"242109_CR75","first-page":"341","volume-title":"Ludwig Boltzmann Ausgew\u00e4hlte Abhandlungen","author":"S. Wagner","year":"1982","unstructured":"Wagner, S.: 1982, 'Ludwig Boltzmann and the Special Theory of Relativity', in R. Sexl and J. Blackmore (eds.), Ludwig Boltzmann Ausgew\u00e4hlte Abhandlungen(Ludwig Boltzmann Gesamtausgabe, Band 8), Vieweg, Braunschweig\/Wiesbaden, pp. 341-54."},{"key":"242109_CR76","first-page":"48","volume":"XLV","author":"S. Weinberg","year":"1998","unstructured":"Weinberg, S.: 1998, 'The Non-Revolution of T. S. Kuhn', The New York Review of Books, XLV, 48-52.","journal-title":"The New York Review of Books"},{"key":"242109_CR77","first-page":"57","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Ludwig Boltzmann (Rome, February 9-11, 1989","author":"A. Wilson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wilson, A.: 1993, 'Boltzmann's Philosophical Education and its Bearing on His Mature Scientific Epistemology', in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Ludwig Boltzmann (Rome, February 9-11, 1989), Verlag der \u00f6sterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, pp. 57-69. [This article documents information about what Boltzmann's teachers in philosophy probably taught him during the 1860's.]"}],"container-title":["Synthese"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1005299405864.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1005299405864\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1005299405864.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]],"date-time":"2025-08-08T05:56:46Z","timestamp":1754632606000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1023\/A:1005299405864"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,4]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,4]]}},"alternative-id":["242109"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/a:1005299405864","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-7857","1573-0964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-7857","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-0964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,4]]}}}