{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T06:39:54Z","timestamp":1757313594040,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,1]],"date-time":"1998-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":886291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,1]],"date-time":"1998-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":886291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Minds and Machines"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]},"DOI":"10.1023\/a:1008234330618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,22]],"date-time":"2002-12-22T13:47:34Z","timestamp":1040564854000},"page":"39-60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Learning Causes: Psychological Explanations of Causal Explanation1"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Clark","family":"Glymour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"150273_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahn, W. and Bailenson, J. (1996), \u2018Causal Attribution as a Search for Underlying Mechanisms: An Explanation of the Conjunction Fallacy and the Discounting Principle\u2019, Cognitive Psychology.","DOI":"10.1006\/cogp.1996.0013"},{"key":"150273_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(94)00640-7","volume":"54","author":"W. Ahn","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ahn, W., Kalish, C.W., Medin, D.L. and Gelman, S.A. (1995), \u2018The Role of Covariation Versus Mechanism Information in Causal Attribution\u2019, Cognition 54, pp. 299\u2013352.","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"150273_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03334492","volume":"15","author":"L.G. Allan","year":"1980","unstructured":"Allan, L.G. (1980), \u2018A Note on Measurements of Contingency Between Two Binary Variables in Judgment Tasks\u2019. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 15, pp. 147\u2013149.","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society"},{"key":"150273_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/0023-9690(83)90024-3","volume":"14","author":"L.G. Allan","year":"1983","unstructured":"Allan, L.G. and Jenkins, H.M. (1983), \u2018The Effect of Representations of Binary Variables on Judgment of Influence\u2019. Learning and Motivation, 14, pp. 381\u2013405.","journal-title":"Learning and Motivation"},{"key":"150273_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03197251","volume":"23","author":"J.R. Anderson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Anderson, J.R. and Sheu, C-F. (1995), \u2018Causal Inferences as Perceptual Judgments\u2019. Memory & Cognition 23, pp. 510\u2013524.","journal-title":"Memory & Cognition"},{"key":"150273_CR6","first-page":"414","volume":"19","author":"A.G. Baker","year":"1993","unstructured":"Baker, A.G., Mercier, P., Valle-Tourangeau, F., Frank, R. and Pan, M. (1993), \u2018Selective Associations and Causality Judgments: The Presence of a Strong Causal Factor May Reduce Judgments of a Weaker One\u2019, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 19, pp. 414\u2013432.","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"key":"150273_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.104.2.367","volume":"104","author":"P.W. Cheng","year":"1997","unstructured":"Cheng, P.W. (1997), \u2018From Covariation to Causation: A Causal Power Theory\u2019. Psychological Review 104, pp. 367\u2013405.","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"150273_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.99.2.365","volume":"99","author":"P.W. Cheng","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cheng, P.W. and Novick, L.R. (1992), \u2018Covariation in Natural Causal Induction\u2019. Psychological Review, 99, pp. 365\u2013382.","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"150273_CR9","unstructured":"Glymour, C. and Cheng, P. W. Causal Mechanism and Probability: A Normative Approach\u2019, in M. Oaksford and N. Chater (eds.), Rational Models of Cognition. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press (in press)."},{"key":"150273_CR10","volume-title":"Causal Powers: A Theory of Natural Necessity","author":"R. Harr\u00e9","year":"1975","unstructured":"Harr\u00e9, R. and Madden, E.H. (1975), Causal Powers: A Theory of Natural Necessity, Totowa, New Jersey: Rowman & Littlefield."},{"key":"150273_CR11","unstructured":"Hashem, A.I. and Cooper, G.F. (1996), \u2018Human Causal Discovery From Observational Data\u2019. Proceedings of the 1996 symposium of the American Medical Information Association."},{"key":"150273_CR12","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Scientific Approaches to Consciousness.","author":"L. Jacoby","year":"1997","unstructured":"Jacoby, L., Yonelinas, A. and Jennings, J., (1997), The Relation Between Conscious and Unconscious (Automatic) Influences: A Declaration of Independence, in J. Cohen and J. Schooler (eds.), Scientific Approaches to Consciousness., Mahwah, N.J., Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 13\u201347."},{"key":"150273_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/h0093874","volume":"7","author":"H. Jenkins","year":"1965","unstructured":"Jenkins, H. and Ward, W. (1965), \u2018Judgment of Contingency Between Responses and Outcomes\u2019. Psychological Monographs 7, pp. 1\u201317.","journal-title":"Psychological Monographs"},{"key":"150273_CR14","volume-title":"Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems: Networks of Plausible Inference","author":"J. Pearl","year":"1988","unstructured":"Pearl, J. (1988), Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems: Networks of Plausible Inference. San Mateo, California: Morgan Kaufmann."},{"issue":"4","key":"150273_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/82.4.669","volume":"82","author":"J. Pearl","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pearl, J. (1995), \u2018Causal Diagrams for Empirical Research\u2019, Biomtrika 82(4), pp. 669\u2013709.","journal-title":"Biomtrika"},{"key":"150273_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03197189","volume":"21","author":"P.C. Price","year":"1993","unstructured":"Price, P.C. and Yates, J.F. (1993), \u2018Judgmental Overshadowing: Further Evidence of Cue Interaction in Contingency Judgment\u2019. Memory & Cognition 21, pp. 561\u2013572.","journal-title":"Memory & Cognition"},{"key":"150273_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/h0025984","volume":"66","author":"R.A. Rescorla","year":"1968","unstructured":"Rescorla, R.A. (1968), \u2018Probability of Shock in the Presence and Absence of CS in Fear Conditioning\u2019. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 66, pp. 1\u20135.","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology"},{"key":"150273_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1080\/14640749508401390","volume":"48A","author":"D.R. Shanks","year":"1995","unstructured":"Shanks, D.R. (1995), \u2018Is human learning rational?\u2019 Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 48A, pp. 257\u2013279.","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"150273_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shultz, T.R. (1982), \u2018Rules of Causal Attribution\u2019. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 47,(1).","DOI":"10.2307\/1165893"},{"key":"150273_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00385.x","volume":"7","author":"B.A. Spellman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Spellman, B.A. (1996a), \u2018Acting as Intuitive Scientists: Contingency Judgments are Made While Controlling for Alternative Potential Causes\u2019. Psychological Science, 7, pp. 337\u2013342.","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"key":"150273_CR21","series-title":"Causal learning","first-page":"167","volume-title":"The Psychology of Learning and Motivation","author":"B.A. Spellman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Spellman, B.A. (1996b), Conditionalizing causality, in D.R. Shanks, K.J. Holyoak, D.L. Medin (eds.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation, vol 34: Causal learning (pp. 167\u2013207). San Diego: Academic Press."},{"key":"150273_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-2748-9","volume-title":"Causation, Prediction and Search","author":"P. Spirtes","year":"1993","unstructured":"Spirtes, P., Glymour, C. and Scheines, R. (1993), Causation, Prediction and Search, New York: Springer."},{"key":"150273_CR23","volume-title":"Death is the Mother of Beauty: Mind, Metaphor, Criticism","author":"M. Turner","year":"1987","unstructured":"Turner, M. (1987), Death is the Mother of Beauty: Mind, Metaphor, Criticism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"150273_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.121.2.222","volume":"121","author":"M.R. Waldmann","year":"1992","unstructured":"Waldmann, M.R. and Holyoak, K.J. (1992), \u2018Predictive and Diagnostic Learning Within Causal Models: Asymmetries in Cue Competition\u2019. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 121, pp. 222\u2013236.","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"key":"150273_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1989.tb02334.x","volume":"80","author":"P.A. White","year":"1989","unstructured":"White, P.A. (1989), \u2018A Theory of Causal Processing\u2019, British Journal of Psychology, 80, pp. 431\u2013454.","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"150273_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03197225","volume":"23","author":"P.A. White","year":"1995","unstructured":"White, P.A. (1995), \u2018Use of Prior Beliefs in the Assignment of Causal Roles: Causal Powers Versus Regularity-based Accounts\u2019. Memory & Cognition, 23, pp. 243\u2013254.","journal-title":"Memory & Cognition"}],"container-title":["Minds and Machines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1008234330618.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1008234330618\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1008234330618.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T05:43:03Z","timestamp":1747892583000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1023\/A:1008234330618"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]}},"alternative-id":["150273"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/a:1008234330618","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-6495","1572-8641"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0924-6495"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1572-8641"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]}}}