{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T11:41:06Z","timestamp":1784720466038,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]],"date-time":"2002-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1025481600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]],"date-time":"2002-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1025481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Machine Learning"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"DOI":"10.1023\/a:1013964023376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,28]],"date-time":"2002-12-28T13:55:48Z","timestamp":1041083748000},"page":"287-297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":159,"title":["Estimating Generalization Error on Two-Class Datasets Using Out-of-Bag Estimates"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Tom","family":"Bylander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"393399_CR1","unstructured":"Blake, C. L., & Merz, C. J. (1998). UCI repository of machine learning databases. [http:\/\/www.ics.uci.edu\/ ~mlearn\/MLRepository.html]. Irvine, California: Department of Information and Computer Science, University of California."},{"issue":"2","key":"393399_CR2","first-page":"123","volume":"24","author":"L. Breiman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Breiman, L. (1996a). Bagging predictors. Machine Learning, 24:2, 123\u2013140.","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"key":"393399_CR3","unstructured":"Breiman, L. (1996b). Out-of-bag estimation. [ftp:\/\/ftp.stat.berkeley.edu\/pub\/users\/breiman\/OOBestimation.ps.Z]. Berkeley, California: Department of Statistics, University of California."},{"issue":"2","key":"393399_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007607513941","volume":"40","author":"T. G. Dietterich","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dietterich, T. G. (2000). An experimental comparison of three methods for constructing ensembles of decision trees: Bagging, boosting, and randomization. Machine Learning, 40:2, 139\u2013157.","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"key":"393399_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-4541-9","volume-title":"An introduction to the bootstrap","author":"B. Efron","year":"1993","unstructured":"Efron, B., & Tibshirani, R. J. (1993). An introduction to the bootstrap. New York: Chapman and Hall."},{"key":"393399_CR6","first-page":"148","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Machine Learning","author":"Y. Freund","year":"1996","unstructured":"Freund, Y., & Schapire, R. E. (1996). Experiments with a new boosting algorithm. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Machine Learning (pp. 148\u2013156). Bara, Italy: Morgan Kaufmann."},{"key":"393399_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1145\/267460.267491","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Conference on Computational Learning Theory","author":"M. J. Kearns","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kearns, M. J., & Ron, D. (1997). Algorithmic stability and sanity-check bounds for leave-one-out cross-validation. In Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Conference on Computational Learning Theory (pp. 152\u2013162). Nashville, Tennessee: ACM Press."},{"key":"393399_CR8","first-page":"1137","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","author":"R. Kohavi","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kohavi, R. (1995). A study of cross-validation and bootstrap for accuracy estimation and model selection. In Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 1137\u20131143). Montr\u00e9al: Morgan Kaufmann."},{"key":"393399_CR9","first-page":"546","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Fourteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence","author":"R. Maclin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Maclin, R., & Opitz, D. (1997). An empirical evaluation of bagging and boosting. In Proceedings of the Fourteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 546\u2013551). Providence, Rhode Island: AAAI Press."},{"key":"393399_CR10","volume-title":"Machine learning, neural and statistical classification","author":"D. Michie","year":"1994","unstructured":"Michie, D., Spiegelhalter, D. J., & Taylor, C. C. (1994). Machine learning, neural and statistical classification. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall."},{"issue":"1","key":"393399_CR11","first-page":"81","volume":"1","author":"J. R. Quinlan","year":"1986","unstructured":"Quinlan, J. R. (1986). Induction of decision trees. Machine Learning, 1:1, 81\u2013106.","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"key":"393399_CR12","volume-title":"C4.5: Programs for machine learning","author":"J. R. Quinlan","year":"1993","unstructured":"Quinlan, J. R. (1993). C4.5: Programs for machine learning. San Mateo, California: Morgan Kaufmann."},{"key":"393399_CR13","first-page":"725","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Thirteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence","author":"J. R. Quinlan","year":"1996","unstructured":"Quinlan, J. R. (1996). Bagging, boosting, and C4.5. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 725\u2013730). Portland, Oregon: AAAI Press."},{"key":"393399_CR14","unstructured":"Tibshirani, R. (1996). Bias, variance and prediction error for classification rules. [http:\/\/www-stat.stanford.edu\/ ~tibs\/ftp\/biasvar.ps]. Toronto: Department of Statistics, University of Toronto."},{"key":"393399_CR15","volume-title":"Computer systems that learn: Classification and prediction methods from statistics, neural nets, machine learning, and expert systems","author":"S. M. Weiss","year":"1991","unstructured":"Weiss, S. M., & Kulikowski, C. A. (1991). Computer systems that learn: Classification and prediction methods from statistics, neural nets, machine learning, and expert systems. San Mateo, California: Morgan Kaufmann."},{"issue":"1","key":"393399_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007519102914","volume":"35","author":"D. H. Wolpert","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wolpert, D. H., & Macready, W.G. (1999). An efficient method to estimate bagging's generalization error. Machine Learning, 35:1, 41\u201355.","journal-title":"Machine Learning"}],"container-title":["Machine Learning"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1013964023376.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1013964023376\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1013964023376.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T11:33:04Z","timestamp":1752147184000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1023\/A:1013964023376"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]}},"alternative-id":["393399"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/a:1013964023376","relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-6125","1573-0565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-6125","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-0565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}