{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T18:48:03Z","timestamp":1771008483973,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,1]],"date-time":"2003-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1046476800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,1]],"date-time":"2003-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1046476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scientometrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]},"DOI":"10.1023\/a:1022387105904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,28]],"date-time":"2003-03-28T17:25:21Z","timestamp":1048872321000},"page":"417-432","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Linguistic patterns of academic Web use in Western Europe"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Mike","family":"Thelwall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liz","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"5116308_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1108\/EUM0000000007205","volume":"53","author":"T. C. Almind","year":"1997","unstructured":"ALMIND, T. C., INGWERSEN, P. (1997), Informetric analyses on the world wide web: methodological approaches to 'webometrics', Journal of Documentation, 53 (4): 404-426.","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"key":"5116308_CR2","unstructured":"BAR-ILAN, J. (1999). Search engine results over time-A case study on search engine stability, Cybermetrics, 2\/3. Available: http:\/\/www.cindoc.csic.es\/cybermetrics\/articles\/v2i1p1.html"},{"issue":"1","key":"5116308_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005642218907","volume":"50","author":"L. Bj\u00d6RNEBORN","year":"2001","unstructured":"BJ\u00d6RNEBORN, L., INGWERSEN, P. (2001), Perspectives of webometrics, Scientometrics, 50 (1): 65-82.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"5116308_CR4","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 36","author":"C. Borgman","year":"2002","unstructured":"BORGMAN, C., FURNER, J. (2002). Scholarly communication and bibliometrics. In: CRONIN, B. (Ed.), Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 36, Medford, NJ: Information Today Inc. pp. 3-72."},{"issue":"1-7","key":"5116308_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7552(98)00110-X","volume":"30","author":"S. Brin","year":"1998","unstructured":"BRIN, S., PAGE, L. (1998), The anatomy of a large scale hypertextual web search engine, Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, 30 (1-7): 107-117.","journal-title":"Computer Networks and ISDN Systems"},{"key":"5116308_CR6","unstructured":"kingdom\/fp5-mini.htm"},{"issue":"1","key":"5116308_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/016555150102700101","volume":"27","author":"B. Cronin","year":"2001","unstructured":"CRONIN, B. (2001), Bibliometrics and beyond: Some thoughts on web-based citation analysis, Journal of Information Science, 27 (1): 1-7.","journal-title":"Journal of Information Science"},{"key":"5116308_CR8","volume-title":"English as a Global Language","author":"D. Crystal","year":"1997","unstructured":"CRYSTAL, D. (1997), English as a Global Language, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"5116308_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139164771","volume-title":"Language and the Internet","author":"D. Crystal","year":"2001","unstructured":"CRYSTAL, D. (2001), Language and the Internet, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"5116308_CR10","series-title":"ASIS Monograph Series","first-page":"517","volume-title":"The Web of Knowledge: A Festschrift in Honor of Eugene Garfield","author":"E. Davenport","year":"2000","unstructured":"DAVENPORT, E., CRONIN, B. (2000), The citation network as a prototype for representing trust in virtual environments, In: CRONIN, B., ATKINS, H. B. (Eds), The Web of Knowledge: A Festschrift in Honor of Eugene Garfield, Metford, NJ: Information Today Inc. ASIS Monograph Series, pp. 517-534."},{"key":"5116308_CR11","unstructured":"ESPRIT (2002), Non-EU Participation in ESPRIT, Available: http:\/\/www.cordis.lu\/esprit\/src\/non-eu.htm"},{"key":"5116308_CR12","unstructured":"EUROPA (2001), European Commission-Research: Fifth Framework Programme, Available: http:\/\/europa.eu.int\/comm\/research\/fp5.html. Accessed 11 July 2002."},{"key":"5116308_CR13","unstructured":"en.html. Accessed 11 July 2002."},{"key":"5116308_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"members\/index_en.htm. Accessed 17 July 2002.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-002-0959-2"},{"key":"5116308_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139524766","volume-title":"Research Perspectives on English for Academic Purposes","author":"J. Flowerdew","year":"2001","unstructured":"FLOWERDEW, J., PEACOCK, M. (2001), Research Perspectives on English for Academic Purposes, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"5116308_CR16","first-page":"19","volume":"26","author":"E. GARFIELD","year":"1967","unstructured":"GARFIELD, E. (1967), English-An international language for science? Current Contentsq, Dec 26, 19-20.","journal-title":"Current Contentsq"},{"key":"5116308_CR17","volume-title":"Cyberactivism: Critical Practices and Theories of Online Activism","author":"M. Garrido","year":"2002","unstructured":"GARRIDO, M., HALAVAIS, A. (2002), Mapping networks of support for the Zapatista movement: Applying social network analysis to study contemporary social movements, In: M. MCCAUGHEY, M. AYERS (Eds), Cyberactivism: Critical Practices and Theories of Online Activism, London: Routledge."},{"issue":"2","key":"5116308_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010561321723","volume":"50","author":"W. Gl\u00c4NZEL","year":"2001","unstructured":"GL\u00c4NZEL, W., SCHUBERT, A. (2001), Double effort = Double impact? A critical view at international coauthorship in chemistry, Scientometrics, 50 (2): 199-214.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"5116308_CR19","first-page":"1","volume-title":"English in Europe: the Acquisition of a Third Language","author":"C. Hoffmann","year":"2000","unstructured":"HOFFMANN, C. (2000), The spread of English and the growth of bilingualism with English in Europe, In: J. CENOZ, U, JESSNER (Eds), English in Europe: the Acquisition of a Third Language, Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, pp. 1-29."},{"issue":"1","key":"5116308_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1093\/applin\/23.1.83","volume":"23","author":"J. Jenkins","year":"2002","unstructured":"JENKINS, J. (2002), A sociolinguistically based, empirically researched pronunciation syllabus for English as an international language, Applied Linguistics, 23 (1): 83-103.","journal-title":"Applied Linguistics"},{"key":"5116308_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1038\/417898b","volume":"417","author":"E. Jim\u00c9NEZ-CONTRERAS","year":"2002","unstructured":"JIM\u00c9NEZ-CONTRERAS, E., L\u00d3PEZ-C\u00d3ZAR, E. D., RUIZ-P\u00c9REZ, R., FERN\u00c1NDEZ, V. M. (2002), Impact-factor rewards affect Spanish research, Nature, 417: 898.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"5116308_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1145\/324133.324140","volume":"46","author":"J. Kleinberg","year":"1999","unstructured":"KLEINBERG, J. (1999), Authoritative sources in a hyperlinked environment, Journal of the ACM, 46 (5): 604-632.","journal-title":"Journal of the ACM"},{"key":"5116308_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1038\/21987","volume":"400","author":"S. Lawrence","year":"1999","unstructured":"LAWRENCE, S., GILES, C. L. (1999), Accessibility of information on the web, Nature, 400: 107-109.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"5116308_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014812810602","volume":"53","author":"H. F. Moed","year":"2002","unstructured":"MOED, H. F. (2002), Measuring China's research performance using the Science Citation Index, Scientometrics, 53 (3): 281-296.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"7","key":"5116308_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.10072","volume":"53","author":"H. W. Park","year":"2002","unstructured":"PARK, H. W., BARNETT, G. A., NAM, I. (2002), Hyperlink-affiliation network structure of top web sites: Examining affiliates with hyperlink in Korea, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 53 (7): 592-601.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"key":"5116308_CR26","volume-title":"The Cultural Politics of English as an International Language","author":"A. Pennycook","year":"1996","unstructured":"PENNYCOOK, A. (1996), The Cultural Politics of English as an International Language, London: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co."},{"key":"5116308_CR27","volume-title":"Clustering and Mapping Web Sites for Displaying Implicit Associations and Visualising Networks","author":"X. Polanco","year":"2001","unstructured":"POLANCO, X., BOUDOURIDES, M. A., BESAGNI D., ROCHE, I. (2001), Clustering and Mapping Web Sites for Displaying Implicit Associations and Visualising Networks, University of Patras, Greece."},{"issue":"1","key":"5116308_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1080\/01434630208666458","volume":"23","author":"F. Rash","year":"2002","unstructured":"RASH F. (2002), The German-Romance language borders in Switzerland, Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 23 (1): 112-136.","journal-title":"Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development"},{"key":"5116308_CR29","unstructured":"ROUSSEAU, R. (1999), Daily time series of common single word searches in AltaVista and NorthernLight, Cybermetrics, 2\/3. Available: http:\/\/www.cindoc.csic.es\/cybermetrics\/articles\/v2i1p2.html"},{"key":"5116308_CR30","volume-title":"Linguistic Genocide in Education or Worldwide Diversity of Human Rights?","author":"T. Skutnab-KANGAS","year":"2000","unstructured":"SKUTNAB-KANGAS, T. (2000), Linguistic Genocide in Education or Worldwide Diversity of Human Rights? New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates."},{"issue":"3","key":"5116308_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016030415822","volume":"54","author":"A. Smith","year":"2002","unstructured":"SMITH, A., THELWALL, M. (2002), Web impact factors for Australasian universities, Scientometrics, 54 (3): 363-380.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"5116308_CR32","unstructured":"SVAVARSSON, M. (2002), Index of \/~magnus\/MHonArc. Available: http:\/\/www.sprog.auc.dk\/~magnus\/MHonArc\/"},{"key":"5116308_CR33","unstructured":"THELWALL, M. (2001a), The responsiveness of search engine indexes, Cybermetrics, 5 (1) http:\/\/www.cindoc.csic.es\/cybermetrics\/articles\/v5i1p1.html"},{"issue":"13","key":"5116308_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.1182","volume":"52","author":"M. Thelwall","year":"2001","unstructured":"THELWALL, M. (2001b), Extracting macroscopic information from web links, Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 52 (13): 1157-1168.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"6","key":"5116308_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1177\/016555150102700605","volume":"27","author":"M. Thelwall","year":"2001","unstructured":"THELWALL, M. (2001c), Exploring the link structure of the Web with network diagrams, Journal of Information Science, 27 (6): 393-402.","journal-title":"Journal of Information Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"5116308_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.10135","volume":"53","author":"M. Thelwall","year":"2002","unstructured":"THELWALL, M. (2002a), Conceptualizing documentation on the Web: an evaluation of different heuristicbased models for counting links between university web sites, Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 53 (12): 995-1005.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"5116308_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1108\/10662240210422503","volume":"12","author":"M. Thelwall","year":"2002","unstructured":"THELWALL, M. (2002b), Methodologies for crawler based web surveys, Internet Research: Electronic Networking and Applications, 12 (2): 124-138.","journal-title":"Internet Research: Electronic Networking and Applications"},{"issue":"1","key":"5116308_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014836021080","volume":"53","author":"M. Thelwall","year":"2002","unstructured":"THELWALL, M., BINNS, R., HARRIES, G., PAGE-KENNEDY, T., PRICE E., WILKINSON, D. (2002), European Union associated university websites, Scientometrics, 53 (1): 95-111.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"5116308_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020410728852","volume":"55","author":"M. Thelwall","year":"2002","unstructured":"THELWALL, M., SMITH, A. (2002), A study of the interlinking between Asia-Pacific University Web sites, Scientometrics, 55 (3): 335-348.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"5116308_CR40","unstructured":"THELWALL, M., TANG, R. (2002), Disciplinary and Linguistic Considerations for Academic Web Linking: An Exploratory Hyperlink Mediated Study with Mainland China and Taiwan, University of Wolverhampton."},{"issue":"1","key":"5116308_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1080\/01434630208666454","volume":"23","author":"J. Treffers-DALLER","year":"2002","unstructured":"TREFFERS-DALLER, J. (2002), Language use and language contact in Brussels, Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 23 (1): 50-64.","journal-title":"Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development"},{"issue":"1","key":"5116308_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005690102069","volume":"50","author":"A. F. J. Van Raan","year":"2001","unstructured":"VAN RAAN, A. F. J. (2001), Bibliometrics and Internet: Some observations and expectations, Scientometrics, 50 (1): 59-63.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"5116308_CR43","unstructured":"VAUGHAN, L., HYSEN, K. (2002, to appear), Do Web link counts resemble citation counts: An empirical examination, ASLIB Proceedings."},{"key":"5116308_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"VAUGHAN, L., THELWALL, M. (2003, to appear), Scholarly use of the Web: What are the key inducers of links to journal Web sites? Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology.","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.10184"},{"issue":"1","key":"5116308_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1177\/016555150302900105","volume":"29","author":"D. Wilkinson","year":"2003","unstructured":"WILKINSON, D., HARRIES, G., THELWALL, M., PRICE, E. (2003, to appear), Causes of academic Web site interlinking: Evidence for the Web as a novel source of information on informal scholarly communication, Journal of Information Science, 29 (1) 59-66.","journal-title":"Journal of Information Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"5116308_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1080\/01434630208666453","volume":"23","author":"R. Willemyns","year":"2002","unstructured":"WILLEMYNS R. (2002), The Dutch-French language border in Belgium, Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 23 (1): 36-49.","journal-title":"Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development"},{"key":"5116308_CR47","unstructured":"WORLDATLAS.COM (2002), World Atlas Switzerland, Europe, Information Page. Available: http:\/\/www.worldatlas.com\/webimage\/countrys\/europe\/chcia.htm"},{"issue":"3","key":"5116308_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005632319799","volume":"47","author":"M. Zitt","year":"2000","unstructured":"ZITT, M., BASSECOULARD, E., OKUBO, Y. (2000), Shadows of the past in international cooperation: Collaboration profiles of the top five producers of science, Scientometrics, 47 (3): 627-657.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"}],"container-title":["Scientometrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1022387105904.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1022387105904\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1022387105904.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T08:20:40Z","timestamp":1754554840000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1023\/A:1022387105904"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]}},"alternative-id":["5116308"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/a:1022387105904","relation":{},"ISSN":["0138-9130","1588-2861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0138-9130","type":"print"},{"value":"1588-2861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]}}}