{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T12:39:29Z","timestamp":1777639169398,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,1]],"date-time":"2003-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1057017600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,1]],"date-time":"2003-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1057017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Autonomous Robots"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"DOI":"10.1023\/a:1024488717009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,15]],"date-time":"2003-09-15T17:22:37Z","timestamp":1063646557000},"page":"53-66","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":184,"title":["An Adaptive Shared Control System for an Intelligent Mobility Aid for the Elderly"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Haoyong","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Spenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Dubowsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"5126827_CR1","unstructured":"ALFA Advisor (New Letter). 1995. New Report Offers Draft Regulations for Assisted Living for People with Dementia. ALFA (The Assisted Living Federation of America) Advisor, pp. 1\u20132."},{"key":"5126827_CR2","first-page":"895","volume":"1","author":"O.M. Al-Jarrah","year":"1997","unstructured":"Al-Jarrah, O.M. and Zheng, Y.F. 1997. Arm-manipulator coordination for load sharing using variable compliance control. In Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Vol. 1), Albuquerque, New Mexico, pp. 895\u2013900.","journal-title":"Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation"},{"key":"5126827_CR3","unstructured":"AOA (Administration on Aging, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services), A Profile of Older Americans, 2001."},{"key":"5126827_CR4","unstructured":"Baltus, G. et al. 2000. Towards personal service robots for the elderly. In Proceeding of the 2000 Workshop on Interactive Robotics and Entertainment (WIRE-2000), Pittsburgh."},{"key":"5126827_CR5","unstructured":"Burton, L.J. 1997. A Shoulder to Lean on: Assisted Living in the U.S. American Demographics, pp. 45\u201351."},{"key":"5126827_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cooper, R. 1995. Intelligent control of power wheelchairs. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology, pp. 423\u2013431.","DOI":"10.1109\/51.395325"},{"key":"5126827_CR7","unstructured":"D'Arrigo, C. 2001. Health monitoring sensors for a personal mobility aid for the elderly. Master Thesis. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Massachusetts Institute of Technology."},{"key":"5126827_CR8","unstructured":"Dubowsky, S. 1997. Personal Aid for Mobility and Monitoring: A Helping Hand for the Elderly, PAMM Concept Study, MIT Home Automation and Healthcare Consortium."},{"issue":"3","key":"5126827_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3426424","volume":"101","author":"S. Dubowsky","year":"1979","unstructured":"Dubowsky, S. and Deforges, D. 1979. The application of model-referenced adaptive control of robotic manipulators. ASME Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, 101(3): 193\u2013200.","journal-title":"ASME Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control"},{"key":"5126827_CR10","unstructured":"Dubowsky, S., Genot, F., Godding, S., Kozono, H., Skwersky, A., Yu, L., and Yu, H. 2000. PAMM\u2014A robotic aid to the elderly for mobility assistance and monitoring: A helping-hand for the elderly. In Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, San Francisco, CA, April 22\u00fb28."},{"key":"5126827_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Durfee, W.K., Idris, H.R., and Dubowsky, S. 1991. Real-time control of the MIT vehicle emulation system. In Proceedings of the 1991 American Control Conference, Boston, MA, June 26\u00fb28.","DOI":"10.23919\/ACC.1991.4791758"},{"key":"5126827_CR12","unstructured":"Godding, S. 1999. Field tests on a personal mobility aid for the elderly. Bachelor Thesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology."},{"key":"5126827_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Graf, B. 2001. Reactive navigation of an intelligent robot walking aid. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interaction, RO-MAN 2001, Bordeaux-Paris, France, pp. 353\u2013358.","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2001.981929"},{"key":"5126827_CR14","unstructured":"Graf, B. and H\u00e4gele, M. 2001. Dependable interaction with an intelligent home care robot. In Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Seoul, Korea, May 21\u00fb26."},{"key":"5126827_CR15","unstructured":"Kozono, H. 2000. PAMM SmartWalker electronics and computer manual. Field and Space Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology."},{"issue":"4","key":"5126827_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-8890(98)00011-6","volume":"23","author":"G. Lacey","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lacey, G. and Dawson-Howe, K.M. 1998. The application of robotics to a mobility aid for the elderly blind. Robotics and Automation Systems, 23(4):245\u2013252.","journal-title":"Robotics and Automation Systems"},{"key":"5126827_CR17","unstructured":"Lacey, G. and MacNamara, S. 2000. User involvement in the design and evaluation of a smart mobility aid. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 37(6)."},{"key":"5126827_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1109\/86.808948","volume":"74","author":"S.P. Levine","year":"1999","unstructured":"Levine, S.P., Bell, D.A., Jaros, L.A., Simpson, R.C., Koren, Y., and Borenstein, J. 1999. The NavChair assistive wheelchair navigation system. IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering, 74:443\u2013451.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering"},{"key":"5126827_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mori, H. and Kotani, S. 1998. A robotic travel aid for the blind\u2014Attention and custom for safe behavior. International Symposium of Robotics Research, Springer-Verlag, pp. 237\u2013245.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-1580-9_22"},{"key":"5126827_CR20","volume-title":"Stable Adaptive Systems","author":"K.S. Narendra","year":"1989","unstructured":"Narendra, K.S. and Annaswamy, A.M. 1989. Stable Adaptive Systems, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J."},{"key":"5126827_CR21","unstructured":"Nemoto et al. 1999. Power assist control for walking support system. In Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Advanced Robotics, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 15\u201318."},{"key":"5126827_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papadopoulos, E.G. and Rey, D.A. 1996. A new measure of tipover stability margin for mobile manipulators. In Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Minneapolis, MN, pp. 3111\u20133116.","DOI":"10.1109\/ROBOT.1996.509185"},{"issue":"54003","key":"5126827_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5403.796","volume":"283","author":"E.L. Schneider","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schneider, E.L. 1999. Aging in the third millennium. Science, 283(54003):796\u2013797.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"5126827_CR24","first-page":"2476","volume":"4","author":"R.D. Schraft","year":"1998","unstructured":"Schraft, R.D., Schaeffer, C., and May, T. 1998. Care-O-bot(tm): The concept of a system for assisting elderly or disabled persons in home environments. In IECON'98: Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Vol. 4), Aachen, Germany, pp. 2476\u20132481.","journal-title":"IECON'98: Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society"},{"key":"5126827_CR25","volume-title":"Telerobotics, Automation, and Human Supervisory Control","author":"T.B. Sheridan","year":"1992","unstructured":"Sheridan, T.B. 1992. Telerobotics, Automation, and Human Supervisory Control, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA."},{"key":"5126827_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1109\/86.808949","volume":"74","author":"R.C. Simpson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Simpson, R.C. and Levine, S.P. 1999. Automatic adaptation in the NavChair assistive wheelchair navigation system. IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering, 74:452\u2013463.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering"},{"key":"5126827_CR27","unstructured":"Spenko, M. 2001. Design and analysis of the SmartWalker, a mobility aid for the elderly. Master Thesis. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology."},{"key":"5126827_CR28","unstructured":"Spenko, M., Yu, H., and Dubowsky, S. 2002. Analysis and design of an omni directional platform for operation on non-ideal floors. In Proceedings of 2002 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Washington D.C., May 11\u00fb15."},{"key":"5126827_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wasson, G., Gunderson, J., Graves, S., and Felder, R. 2001. An assistive robotic agent for pedestrian mobility. In International Conference on Autonomous Agents: AGENTS'01, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, pp. 169\u2013173.","DOI":"10.1145\/375735.376038"},{"key":"5126827_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, H., Dubowsky, S., and Skwersky, A. 2000. Omni-directional mobility using active split offset castors. In Proceedings of 2000 ASME IDETC\/CIE 26th Biennial Mechanics and Robotics Conference, Baltimore, Maryland, September 10\u00fb13.","DOI":"10.1115\/DETC2000\/MECH-14210"},{"key":"5126827_CR31","unstructured":"Yu, H. 2000. Mobility design and control of personal mobility aids for the elderly. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology."}],"container-title":["Autonomous Robots"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1024488717009.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1024488717009\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1024488717009.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T07:10:50Z","timestamp":1748070650000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1023\/A:1024488717009"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]}},"alternative-id":["5126827"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/a:1024488717009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0929-5593","1573-7527"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0929-5593","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7527","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]}}}