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Eleven non\u2010retarded, primary school\u2010age children with classical phenylketonuria who had been treated early and continuously were indistinguishable from healthy, matched controls on the measures and test performance was not predicted by historical or concurrent plasma phenylalanine concentrations. Mean lifetime phenylalanine concentrations for the phenylketonuric subjects were within ranges currently recommended as dietary optima in the United Kingdom. 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