{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T09:00:04Z","timestamp":1791104404230,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,1]],"date-time":"1999-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":922924800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,1]],"date-time":"1999-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":922924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharm Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,4]]},"DOI":"10.1023\/a:1018831415131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,19]],"date-time":"2003-02-19T16:23:59Z","timestamp":1045671839000},"page":"562-568","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Cloud Point of Nonionic Surfactants: Modulation with Pharmaceutical Excipients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"George C.","family":"Na","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara O.","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"H. Jack","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian S.","family":"Weekley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natarajan","family":"Rajagopalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"303546_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600581203","volume":"58","author":"H. Schott","year":"1969","unstructured":"H. Schott. Hydrophile-lipophile balance and cloud points of nonionic surfactants. J. Pharm. Sci.\n58:1443\u20131449 (1969).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"303546_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/0095-8522(56)90052-6","volume":"11","author":"W. N. Maclay","year":"1956","unstructured":"W. N. Maclay. Factors affecting the solubility of nonionic emulsifiers. J. Colloid Sci.\n11:272\u2013285 (1956).","journal-title":"J. Colloid Sci."},{"key":"303546_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600640419","volume":"64","author":"H. Schott","year":"1975","unstructured":"H. Schott and S. K. Han. Effect of inorganic additives on solutions of nonionic surfactants II. J. Pharm. Sci.\n64:658\u2013664 (1975).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"303546_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600660208","volume":"66","author":"H. Schott","year":"1977","unstructured":"H. Schott and S. K. Han. Effect of symmetrical tetraalkylammonium salts on cloud point of nonionic surfactants. J. Pharm. Sci.\n66:165\u2013168 (1977).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"303546_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9797(77)90324-1","volume":"60","author":"L. Marszall","year":"1977","unstructured":"L. Marszall. The effect of alcohols on the hydrophile-lipophile balance of nonionic surfactants. J. Colloid Interface Sci.\n60:570\u2013573 (1977).","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"303546_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600730622","volume":"73","author":"H. Schott","year":"1984","unstructured":"H. Schott and A. E. Royce. Effect of inorganic additives on solutions of nonionic surfactants VI: Further cloud point relations. J. Pharm. Sci.\n73:793\u2013799 (1984).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"303546_CR7","first-page":"196","volume":"98","author":"H. Schott","year":"1984","unstructured":"H. Schott, A. E. Royce, and S. K. Han. Effect of inorganic additives on solutions of nonionic surfactants. Cloud point shift values of individual ions. J. Colloid Interface Sci.\n98:196\u2013201 (1984).","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"303546_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9797(91)90250-C","volume":"144","author":"A. S. Sadaghiania","year":"1991","unstructured":"A. S. Sadaghiania and A. Khan. Clouding of a nonionic surfactant: The effect of added surfactants on the cloud point. J. Colloid Interface Sci.\n144:191\u2013200 (1991).","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"303546_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1975.tb09466.x","volume":"27","author":"A. T. Florence","year":"1975","unstructured":"A. T. Florence, F. Madsen, and F. Puisieux. Emulsion stabilization by nonionic surfactants: the relevance of surfactant cloud point. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.\n27:385\u2013394 (1975).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"303546_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5173(90)90087-K","volume":"59","author":"O. L. Johnson","year":"1990","unstructured":"O. L. Johnson, C. Washington, and S. S. Davis. Thermal stability of fluorocarbon emulsions that transport oxygen. Int. J. Pharm.\n59:131\u2013135 (1990).","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"303546_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018883431970","volume":"16","author":"G. C. Na","year":"1999","unstructured":"G. C. Na, H. J. Stevens, B. O. Yuan, and N. Rajagopalan. Physical stability of ethyl diatrizoate nanocrystalline suspension in steam sterilization. Pharm. Res.\n16:569\u2013574 (1999).","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"303546_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820060609","volume":"6","author":"I. R. Schmolka","year":"1972","unstructured":"I. R. Schmolka. Artificial skin I. Preparation and properties of pluronic F-127 gels for treatment of burns. J. Biomed. Mater. Res.\n6:571\u2013582 (1972).","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res."},{"key":"303546_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5173(84)90022-X","volume":"22","author":"M. Vadnere","year":"1984","unstructured":"M. Vadnere, G. Amidon, S. Lindenbaum, and J. L. Haslam. Thermodynamic studies of the gel-sol transition of some pluronic polyols. Int. J. Pharm.\n22:207\u2013218 (1984).","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"303546_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-3659(87)90002-2","volume":"5","author":"J. C. Gilbert","year":"1987","unstructured":"J. C. Gilbert, J. L. Richardson, M. C. Davies, K. J. Palin, and J. Hadgraft. The effect of solutes and polymers on the gelation properties of pluronic F-127 solutions for controlled drug delivery. J. Contr. Rel.\n5:113\u2013118 (1987).","journal-title":"J. Contr. Rel."},{"key":"303546_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1021\/js970034d","volume":"86","author":"L. P. Stratton","year":"1997","unstructured":"L. P. Stratton, A. Dong, M. C. Manning, and J. F. Carpenter. Drug delivery matrix containing native protein precipitates suspended in a poloxamer gel. J. Pharm. Sci.\n86:1006\u20131010 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"303546_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9797(92)90300-B","volume":"153","author":"L. A. M. Rupert","year":"1992","unstructured":"L. A. M. Rupert. A thermodynamic model of clouding in water\/alcohol ethoxylate mixtures. J. Colloid Interface Sci.\n153:92\u2013105 (1992).","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"303546_CR17","unstructured":"C. Tanford. The Hydrophobic Effect: Formation of Micelles and Biological Membranes, J. Wiley & Sons, 1973."},{"key":"303546_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6116","DOI":"10.1063\/1.467327","volume":"101","author":"J. Turner","year":"1994","unstructured":"J. Turner and A. K. Soper. The effect of apolar solutes on water structure: Alcohols and tetraalkylammonium ions. J. Chem. Phys.\n101:6116\u20136125 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"303546_CR19","first-page":"265","volume-title":"Stability of Protein Pharmaceuticals, Part B: In Vivo Pathways of Degradation and Strategies for Protein Stabilization","author":"S. N. Timasheff","year":"1992","unstructured":"S. N. Timasheff. Stabilization of protein structure by solvent additives. In T. J. Ahern and M. C. Manning (eds.), Stability of Protein Pharmaceuticals, Part B: In Vivo Pathways of Degradation and Strategies for Protein Stabilization, Plenum Press, New York, 1992, pp. 265\u2013285."},{"key":"303546_CR20","unstructured":"C. Tanford. Physical Chemistry of Macromolecules, J. Wiley & Sons, 1961."},{"key":"303546_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)70019-2","volume":"256","author":"J. C. Lee","year":"1981","unstructured":"J. C. Lee and L. L. Y. Lee. Preferential solvent interactions between proteins and polyethylene glycols. J. Biol. Chem.\n256:625\u2013631 (1981).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"303546_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1021\/ma950516g","volume":"29","author":"E. Feitosa","year":"1996","unstructured":"E. Feitosa, W. Brown, and P. Hansson. Interactions between the nonionic surfactant C12E5 and poly(ethylene oxide) studied using dynamic light scattering and fluorescence quenching. Macromolecules\n29:2169\u20132178 (1996).","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"303546_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9797(90)90219-E","volume":"138","author":"E. S. Aman","year":"1990","unstructured":"E. S. Aman and D. Serve. A conductimetric study of the association between cyclodextrins and surfactants-application to the electrochemical study of a mixed aqueous system: Substrate, cyclodextrin, surfactant. J. Colloid Interface Sci.\n138:365\u2013375 (1990).","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."}],"container-title":["Pharmaceutical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1018831415131.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1018831415131\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1018831415131.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T07:42:46Z","timestamp":1754034166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1023\/A:1018831415131"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,4]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,4]]}},"alternative-id":["303546"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/a:1018831415131","relation":{},"ISSN":["0724-8741","1573-904X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0724-8741","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-904X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,4]]}}}