{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T03:52:10Z","timestamp":1791258730904,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,1]],"date-time":"2002-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1038700800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,1]],"date-time":"2002-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1038700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Card Electrophysiol Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"DOI":"10.1023\/a:1021109130276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,20]],"date-time":"2003-03-20T19:40:25Z","timestamp":1048189225000},"page":"472-481","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Electrophysiology Studies in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathies"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Henry H.","family":"Hsia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis E.","family":"Marchlinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"5108644_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90740-4","volume":"23","author":"E Kasper","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kasper E, Agema W, Hutchins G, Deckers J, Hare J, Baugham K. The causes of dilated cardiomyopathy: A clinicopathologic review of 673 consecutive patients. J AmColl Cardiol 1994;23:586\u2013590.","journal-title":"J AmColl Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(83)80089-7","volume":"51","author":"S Huang","year":"1982","unstructured":"Huang S, Messer J, Denes P. Significance of ventricular tachycardia in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: Observation in 35 patients. Am J Cardiol 1982;51:507\u2013512.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(84)90522-8","volume":"53","author":"T Meinertz","year":"1984","unstructured":"Meinertz T, Hofmann T, Kasper W, Treese N, Bechtold H, Stienen U, Pop T, Leitner E, Andresen D, Meyer J. Significance of ventricular arrhythmias in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1984;53:902\u2013907.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(84)90320-5","volume":"54","author":"D Unverferth","year":"1984","unstructured":"Unverferth D, Magorien R, Moeschberger M, Baker P, Fetters J, Leier C. Factors influencing the one-year mortality of dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1984;54:147\u2013152.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(88)91321-5","volume":"61","author":"K Olshausen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Olshausen K, Stienen U, Schwarz F, Kubler W, Meyer J. Long-term prognositic significance of ventricular arrhythmias in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1988;61:146\u2013151.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.70.3.451","volume":"70","author":"D Poll","year":"1984","unstructured":"Poll D, Marchlinski F, Buxton A, Doherty J, Waxman H, Josephson M. Sustained ventricular tachycardia in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: Electrophysiologic testing and lack of response to antiarrhythmic drug therapy. Circulation 1984;70:451\u2013456.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(86)80025-X","volume":"58","author":"D Poll","year":"1986","unstructured":"Poll D, Marchlinski F, Buxton A, Josephson M. Usefulness of programmed stimulation in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1986;58:992\u2013997.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1988.tb04551.x","volume":"11","author":"P Milner","year":"1988","unstructured":"Milner P, DiMarco J, Lerman B. Electrophysiological evaluation of sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. PACE 1988;11:562\u2013568.","journal-title":"PACE"},{"key":"5108644_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.57.3.431","volume":"57","author":"M Josephson","year":"1977","unstructured":"Josephson M, Horowitz L, Farshidi A, Kastor J. Recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia: 1. Mechanisms. Circulation 1977;57:431\u2013440.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.57.3.440","volume":"57","author":"M Josephson","year":"1977","unstructured":"Josephson M, Horowitz L, Farshidi A, Spear J, Kastor J, Moore E. Recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia: 2. Endocardial mapping. Circulation 1977;57:440\u2013447.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.57.4.659","volume":"57","author":"M Josephson","year":"1977","unstructured":"Josephson M, Horowitz L, Farshidi A. Continuous local electrical activity: A mechanism of recurrent ventricular tachycardia. Circulation 1977;57:659\u2013665.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.68.3.518","volume":"68","author":"J Fenoglio","year":"1983","unstructured":"Fenoglio J, Pham T, Harken A, Horowitz L, Josephson M, Wit A. Recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia: Structure and ultrastructure of subendocardial regions in which tachycardia originates. Circulation 1983;68:518\u2013533.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.72.3.596","volume":"72","author":"P Gardner","year":"1985","unstructured":"Gardner P, Ursell P, Fenoglio J, Wit A. Electrophysiologic and anatomical basis for fractionated electrograms recorded from healed myocardial infarcts. Circulation 1985;72:596\u2013611.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.36.1.127","volume":"36","author":"P Friedman","year":"1975","unstructured":"Friedman P, Fenoglio J, Wit A. Time course for reversal of electrophysiological and ultrastructural abnormalities in subendocardial Purkinje fibers surviving extensive myocardial infarction in dogs. Circulation Research 1975;36:127\u2013144.","journal-title":"Circulation Research"},{"key":"5108644_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.63.1.182","volume":"63","author":"S Dillon","year":"1988","unstructured":"Dillon S, Allessie M, Ursell P, Wit A. Influences of anisotropic tissue structure on reentrant circuits in the epicardial border zone of subacute canine model. Circulation Research 1988;63:182\u2013206.","journal-title":"Circulation Research"},{"key":"5108644_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(85)90731-3","volume":"55","author":"J Vassallo","year":"1985","unstructured":"Vassallo J, Cassidy D, Simson M, Buxton A, Marchlinski F, Josephson M. Relation of late potentials to site of origin of ventricular tachycardia associated with coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol 1985;55:985\u2013989.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(83)80020-4","volume":"51","author":"M Simson","year":"1983","unstructured":"Simson M, Untereker W, Spielman S, Horowitz L, Marcus N, Falcone R, Harken A, Josephson M. Relation between late potentials on body surface and directly recorded fragmented eletrograms in patients with ventricular tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 1983;51:105\u2013112.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(87)90618-7","volume":"60","author":"W Roberts","year":"1987","unstructured":"Roberts W, Siegel R, McManus B. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: Analysis of 152 necropsy patients. Am J Cardiol 1987;60:1340\u20131355.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(89)90815-1","volume":"64","author":"Y Lo","year":"1989","unstructured":"Lo Y, Billingham M, Rowan R, Lee H, Liem L, Swerdlow C. Histopathologic and electrophysiologic correlations in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and sustained ventricular tachyarrhthymias. Am J Cardiol 1989;64:1063\u20131066.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(83)80275-7","volume":"2","author":"J Cameron","year":"1983","unstructured":"Cameron J, Myerburg R, Wong S, Gaide M, Epstein K, Alvarez R, Gelband H, Guse P, Bassett A. Electrophysiologic consequences of chronic experimentally induced left ventricular pressure overload. J Am Coll Cardiol 1983;2:481\u2013487.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.4.1034","volume":"92","author":"S. Pogwizd","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pogwizd S. Nonreentrant mechanisms underlying spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias in a model of nonischemic heart failure in rabbits. Circulation 1995;92:1034\u20131048.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116540","volume":"92","author":"K Anderson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Anderson K, Walker R, Urie P, Ershler E, Philip R, Lux R, Karwandee S. Myocardial electrical propagation in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. J Clin Invest 1993;92:122\u2013140.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"5108644_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(95)00612-5","volume":"27","author":"J de Bakker","year":"1996","unstructured":"de Bakker J, van Capelle F, Janse M, Tasseron S, JT V, de Jonge N, Lahpor J. Fractionated electrograms in dilated cardiomyopathy: Origin and relation to abnormal conduction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996;27:1071\u20131078.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00184-3","volume":"32","author":"T Wu","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wu T, Ong J, Hwang C, Lee J, Fishbein M, Czer L, Trento A, Blanche C, Kass R, Mandel W, Karagueuzian H, Chen P. Characteristics of wave fronts during ventricular fibrillation in human hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy: Role of increased fibrosis in the generation of reentry. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998;32:187\u2013196.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2404","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.22.2404","volume":"98","author":"S Pogwizd","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pogwizd S, McKenzie J, Cain M. Mechanisms underlying spontaneous and induced ventricular arrhythmias in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Circulation 1998;98:2404\u20132414.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.73.4.645","volume":"73","author":"D Cassidy","year":"1986","unstructured":"Cassidy D, Vassallo J, Miller J, Poll D, Buxton A, Marchlinski F, Josephson M. Endocardial catheter mapping in patients in sinus rhythm: Relationship to underlying heart disease and ventricular arrhythmias. Circulation 1986;73:645\u2013652.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR27","first-page":"I","volume":"82","author":"R Perlman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Perlman R, Miller J, Kindwall K, Buxton A, Josephson M, Marchlinski F. Abnormal epicardial and endocardial electrograms in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: Relationship to arrhythmmias. Circulation 1990;82:I\u2013708.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2002.01114.x","volume":"25","author":"H Hsia","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hsia H, Marchlinski F. Characterization of the electroanatomical substrate for monomorphic ventricular tachycardia in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy. PACE 2002;25:1114\u20131127.","journal-title":"PACE"},{"key":"5108644_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(92)90503-F","volume":"19","author":"H Li","year":"1992","unstructured":"Li H, Jones D, Yee R, Klein G. Electrophysiologic substrate associated with pacing-induced heart failure in dogs: Potential value of programmed stimulation in predicting sudden death. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992;19:444\u2013449.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(91)90672-5","volume":"121","author":"B Brembilla-Perrot","year":"1991","unstructured":"Brembilla-Perrot B, Donetti J, de la Chaise A, Sadoul N, Aliot E, Juilliere Y. Diagnostic value of ventricular stimulation in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am Heart J 1991;121:1124\u20131131.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"5108644_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2000.tb00728.x","volume":"11","author":"E Delacretaz","year":"2000","unstructured":"Delacretaz E, StevensonW, Ellison K, MaiselW, Friedman P. Mapping and radiofrequency catheter ablation of the three types of sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia in nonischemic heart disease. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2000;11:11\u201317.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(86)90514-4","volume":"112","author":"N Stamato","year":"1986","unstructured":"Stamato N, O'Connell J, Murdock D, Moran J, Loeb H, Scanlon P. The response of patients with complex ventricular arrhythmias secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy to programmed electrical stimulation. Am Heart J 1986;112:505\u2013508.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"5108644_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2001.01623.x","volume":"24","author":"E Brilakis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Brilakis E, Shen W, Hammill S, Hodge D, Rea R, Lexvold N, Friedman P. Role of programmed ventricular stimulation and implantable cardioverter defibrillators in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and syncope. PACE 2001;24:1623\u20131630.","journal-title":"PACE"},{"key":"5108644_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000012350.99718.AD","volume":"105","author":"D Bansch","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bansch D, Antz M, Boczor S, Volkmer M, Tebbenjohanns J, Deidl K, Block M, Gietzen F, Berger J, Kuck K, Investigators ftC. Primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: The cardiomyopathy trial (CAT). Circulation 2002;105:1453\u20131458.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(86)80026-1","volume":"58","author":"S Das","year":"1986","unstructured":"Das S, Morady F, DiCarlo L, Krol R, DeBuitleir M, Crevey B. Prognostic usefulness of programmed stimulation in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy without symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias. Am J Cardiol 1986;58:998\u20131000.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.84.2.672","volume":"84","author":"P Vaitkus","year":"1991","unstructured":"Vaitkus P, Kindwall K, Marchlinski F, Miller J, Buxton A, Josephson M. Differences in electrophysiological substrae in patients with coronary artery disease and cardiac arrest or ventricular tachycardia: Insights from endocardial mapping and signal averaged electrocardiography. Circulation 1991;84:672\u2013678.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(83)90517-9","volume":"52","author":"A Buxton","year":"1983","unstructured":"Buxton A, Waxman H, Marchlinski F, Josephson M. Electrophysiologic studies in nonsustained ventricular tachycardia: Relation to underlying heart disease. Am J Cardiol 1983;52:985\u2013991.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00148-5","volume":"33","author":"B Knight","year":"1999","unstructured":"Knight B, Goyal R, Pelosi F, Flemming M, Horwood R, Morady F, Strickberger A. Outcome of patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy and unexplained syncope treated with implantable defibrillator. J Am Coll Crdiol 1999;33:1964\u20131970.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Crdiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(01)02133-6","volume":"88","author":"A Russo","year":"2001","unstructured":"Russo A, Verdino R, Schorr C, Nicholas M, Dias D, Hsia H, Callans D, Marchlinski F. Occurrence of implantable defibrillator events in patients with syncope and nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy.AmJ Cardiol 2001;88:1444\u20131446.","journal-title":"AmJ Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.93.1.85","volume":"93","author":"J Kron","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kron J, Hart M, Schual-Berke S, Niles N, Hosenpud J, McAnulty J. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: Role of programmed electrical stimulation and Holter monitoring in predicting those at risk of sudden death. Chest 1988;93:85\u201390.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"5108644_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(85)90860-4","volume":"56","author":"T Meinertz","year":"1985","unstructured":"Meinertz T, Treese N, Kasper W, Geibel A, Hofmann T, Zehender M, Bohn D, Pop T, Just H. Determinants of prognosis in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy as determined by programmed electrical stimulation. Am J Cardiol 1985;56:337\u2013341.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2714","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1997.tb06121.x","volume":"20","author":"J Brachmann","year":"1997","unstructured":"Brachmann J, Hilbel T, Grunig E, Benz A, Haass M, Kubler W. Ventricular arrhythmias in dilated cardiomyopathy. PACE 1997;20:2714\u20132718.","journal-title":"PACE"},{"key":"5108644_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.11.1288","volume":"101","author":"F Marchlinski","year":"2000","unstructured":"Marchlinski F, Callans D, Gottlieb C, Zado E. Linear ablation lesions for control of unmappable ventricular tachycardia in patients with ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2000;101:1288\u20131296.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2000.tb00734.x","volume":"11","author":"K Ellison","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ellison K, Stevenson L, Sweeney M, Lefroy D, Delacretaz E, Friedman P. Catheter ablation for hemodynaimcally unstable monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2000;11:41\u201344.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.4.1647","volume":"88","author":"W Stevenson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Stevenson W, Khan H, Sager P, Saxton L, Middlekauff H, Natterson P, Weiner I. Identification of reentry circuit sites during catheter mapping and radiofrequency ablation of VT late after myocardial infarction. Circulation 1993;88:1647\u20131670.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2001.01261.x","volume":"24","author":"E Delacretaz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Delacretaz E, Stevenson W. Catheter ablation of ventriucular tachycardia in patients with coronary heart disease, Part I: Mapping. PACE 2001;24:1261\u20131277.","journal-title":"PACE"},{"key":"5108644_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(84)80133-2","volume":"54","author":"A Buxton","year":"1984","unstructured":"Buxton A, Marchlinski F, Doherty J, Cassidy D, Vassallo J, Flores B, Josephson M. Repetitive, monomorphic ventricualr tachycardia: Clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics in patients with and patients without organic heart disease. Am J Cardiol 1984;54:997\u20131002.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.87.1.126","volume":"87","author":"D Wilbur","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wilbur D, Baerman J, Olshansky B, Kall J, Kopp D. Adenosine-sensitive ventricular tachycardia. Circulation 1993;87:126\u2013134.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.79.5.990","volume":"79","author":"R Lemery","year":"1989","unstructured":"Lemery R, Brugada P, Bella P, Dugernier T, van den Dool A, Wellens H. Nonischemic ventricular tachycardia: Clinical course and long-term follow-up in patients without clinically overt heart diseases. Circulation 1989;79:990\u2013999.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1996.tb06525.x","volume":"19","author":"N Jaggarao","year":"1996","unstructured":"Jaggarao N, Nanda A, Daubert J. Ventricular tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy: Improvement with radiofrequency ablation. PACE 1996;19:505\u2013508.","journal-title":"PACE"},{"key":"5108644_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(96)00592-X","volume":"29","author":"J Shinbane","year":"1997","unstructured":"Shinbane J, Wood M, Jensen N, Ellenbogen K, Fitzpatrick A, Scheinman M. Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy: A review of animal models amd clinical studies. J Am Coll Crdiol 1997;29:709\u2013715.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Crdiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.69.3.532","volume":"69","author":"A Buxton","year":"1984","unstructured":"Buxton A, Waxman H, Marchlinski F, Untereker W, Waspe L, Josephson M. Role of triple extrastimuli during electrophysiologic study of patients with documented sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Circulation 1984;69:532\u2013540.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.50.6.1150","volume":"50","author":"M Akhtar","year":"1974","unstructured":"Akhtar M, Damato A, Batsford W, Ruskin J, Ogunkelu B, Vargas G. Demonstration of re-entry within the His-Purkinje system in man. Circulation 1974;50:1150\u20131162.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.67.3.674","volume":"67","author":"P Touboul","year":"1983","unstructured":"Touboul P, Kirkorian G, Atallah G, Moleur P. Bundle branch reentry: A possible mechanism of ventricular tachycardia. Circulation 1983;67:674\u2013680.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.1993.tb01228.x","volume":"4","author":"Z Blanck","year":"1993","unstructured":"Blanck Z, Dhala A, Deshpande S, Sra J, Jazayeri M, Akhtar M. Bundle branch reentrant ventricular tachycardia: Cumulative experience in 48 patients. [see comments]. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1993;4:253\u2013262.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5108644_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.79.2.256","volume":"79","author":"J Caceres","year":"1989","unstructured":"Caceres J, Jazayeri M, McKinnie J, Avitall B, Denker S, Tchou P, Akhtar M. Sustained bundle branch reentry as a mechanism of clinical tachycardia. Circulation. 1989;79(2):256\u2013270.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.82.5.1561","volume":"82","author":"M. Akhtar","year":"1990","unstructured":"Akhtar M. Clincial spectrum of ventricular tachycardia. Circulation 1990;82:1561\u20131573.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108915","volume":"61","author":"M Josephson","year":"1978","unstructured":"Josephson M, Kastor J. His-Purkinje conduction during retgrograde stress. J Clin Invest 1978;61:171\u2013177.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"5108644_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.78.2.246","volume":"78","author":"P Tchou","year":"1988","unstructured":"Tchou P, Jazayer IM, Denker S, Dongas J, Caceres J, Akhtar M. Transcatheter electrical ablation of right bundle branch. A method of treating macroreentrant ventricular tachycardia attributed to bundle branch reentry. Circulation 1988;78:246\u2013257.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.71.2.254","volume":"2","author":"M Lehmann","year":"1985","unstructured":"Lehmann M, Denker S, Mahmud R, Addas A, Akhtar M. Linking: A dynamic electrophysiologic phenomenon in macroreentry circuits. Circulation 1985;2:254\u2013265.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(77)90121-8","volume":"63","author":"W Roberts","year":"1977","unstructured":"Roberts W, McAllister H, Ferrans V. Sarcoidosis of the heart. A clinicopathologic study of 35 necropsy patients (group 1) and review of 78 previously described necropsy patients (group 11). American Journal of Medicine 1977;63:86\u2013108.","journal-title":"American Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"5108644_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.58.6.1204","volume":"58","author":"K Silverman","year":"1978","unstructured":"Silverman K, Hutchins G, Bulkley B. Cardiac sarcoid: A clinicopathologic study of 84 unselected patients with systemic sarcoidosis. Circulation 1978;58:1204\u20131211.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.57.3.256","volume":"57","author":"H Valantine","year":"1987","unstructured":"Valantine H, McKenna W, Nihoyannopoulos P, Mitchell A, Foale R, Davies M, Oakley C. Sarcoidosis: A pattern of clinical and morphological presentation. British Heart J 1987;57:256\u2013263.","journal-title":"British Heart J"},{"key":"5108644_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(98)00377-4","volume":"82","author":"Y Yazaki","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yazaki Y, Isobe M, Hiramitsu S, Morimoto S, Hiroe M, Omichi C, Nakano T, Saeki M, Izumi T, Sekiguchi M. Comparison of clinical features and prognosis of cardiac sarcoidosis and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1998;82:537\u2013540.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(91)90750-4","volume":"18","author":"S Winters","year":"1991","unstructured":"Winters S, Cohen M, Greenberg S, Stein B, Curwin J, Pe E, Gomes J. Sustained ventricular tachycardia associated with sarcoidosis: Assessment of the underlying cardiac anatomy and the prospective utility of programmed ventricular stimulation, drug therapy and an implantable antitachycardia device. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991;18:937\u2013943.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1253\/jcj.62.458","volume":"62","author":"Y Kawamura","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kawamura Y, Yoshida A, Toyoshima E, Sato N, Kawashima E, HasebeN, Kikuchi K, Matsuhashi H. A case of cardiac sarcoidosis: Significance of ventricular tachycardia originating from the septum. Jap Circ J 1998;62:458\u2013461.","journal-title":"Jap Circ J"},{"key":"5108644_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(91)90734-Y","volume":"121","author":"P Huang","year":"1991","unstructured":"Huang P, Brooks R, Carpenter C, Garan H. Antiarrhythmic therapy guided by programmed stimulation in cardiac sarcoidosis with ventriucalr tachycardia. Am Heart J 1991;121:599\u2013601.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"5108644_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.75.6.1140","volume":"75","author":"J Maguire","year":"1987","unstructured":"Maguire J, Hoff R, Sherlock I, Guimaraes A, Sleigh A, Ramos N, Mott K, Weller T. Cardiac morbidity and mortality due to Chagas' disease: Prospective electrocardiographic study of a Brazilian community. Circulation 1987;75:1140\u20131145.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5108644_CR69","first-page":"163","volume":"80","author":"A Teixeira","year":"1975","unstructured":"Teixeira A, Teixeira M, Santos-Buch C. The immunology of experimental Chagas' disease. IV. Production of lesions in rabbits similar to those of chronic Chagas' disease in man. Am J Pathol 1975;80:163\u2013180.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"5108644_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(85)90222-4","volume":"110","author":"J. Oliveira","year":"1985","unstructured":"Oliveira J. A natural human model of intrinsic heart nervous system denervation: Chagas' cardiopathy. Am Heart J 1985;110:1092\u20131098.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"5108644_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.1998.tb00907.x","volume":"9","author":"E Sosa","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sosa E, Scanavacca M, d'Avila A, Piccioni J, Sanchez O, Velarde J, Silva M, Reolao B. Endocardial and epicardial ablation guided by nonsurgical transthoracic epicardial mapping to treat recurrent ventricular tachycardia. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1998;9:229\u2013239.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(86)90765-4","volume":"57","author":"I Mendoza","year":"1986","unstructured":"Mendoza I, Camardo J, Moleiro F, Castellanos A, Medina V, Gomez J, Acquatella H, Casal H, Tortoledo F, Puigbo J. Sustained ventricular tachycardia in chronic chagasic myocarditis: Electrophysiologic and pharmacologic characteristics. Am J Cardiol 1986;57:423\u2013427.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(92)91190-F","volume":"70","author":"A Giniger","year":"1992","unstructured":"Giniger A, Retyk E, Laino R, Sananes E, Lapuente A. Ventricular tachycardia in Chagas' disease. Am J Cardiol 1992;70:459\u2013462.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"5108644_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-31801995000200016","volume":"113","author":"M Scanavacca","year":"1995","unstructured":"Scanavacca M, Sosa E. Electrophysiologic study in chronic Chagas' heart disease. Revista Paulista de Medicina 1995;113:841\u2013850.","journal-title":"Revista Paulista de Medicina"},{"key":"5108644_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1999.tb00311.x","volume":"22","author":"E Sosa","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sosa E, Scanavacca M, d'Avila A, Bellotti G, Pilleggi F. Radiofrequency catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia guided by nonsurgical epicardial mapping in chronic Chagasic heart disease. PACE 1999;22:128\u2013130.","journal-title":"PACE"},{"key":"5108644_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.5.1159","volume":"92","author":"H Kottkamp","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kottkamp H, Hindricks G, Chen X, Jurgen B, Willems S, Haverkamp W, Block M, Breithardt G, Borggrefe M. Radiofrequency catheter ablation of sustained ventricular tachycardia in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Circulation1995;92:1159\u20131168.","journal-title":"Circulation"}],"container-title":["Cardiac Electrophysiology Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1021109130276.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1021109130276\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1021109130276.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]],"date-time":"2025-07-06T13:26:03Z","timestamp":1751808363000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1023\/A:1021109130276"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5108644"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/a:1021109130276","relation":{},"ISSN":["1385-2264","1573-725X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1385-2264","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-725X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]}}}