{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T07:21:47Z","timestamp":1793172107991,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,1]],"date-time":"2003-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1054425600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,1]],"date-time":"2003-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1054425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Autism Dev Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"DOI":"10.1023\/a:1024410702242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,15]],"date-time":"2003-09-15T17:22:37Z","timestamp":1063646557000},"page":"319-328","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale: Convergence and Discrepancy in Diagnosing Autism"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Evald","family":"Saemundsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e1ll","family":"Magn\u00fasson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Sm\u00e1ri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solveig","family":"Sigurdard\u00f3ttir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"466598_CR1","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.) Washington, DC: Author."},{"key":"466598_CR2","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed., rev.). Washington, DC: Author."},{"key":"466598_CR3","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author."},{"key":"466598_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/13224-000","volume-title":"Manual for the Arthur Adaptation of the Leiter International Performance Scale","author":"G. Arthur","year":"1952","unstructured":"Arthur, G. (1952). Manual for the Arthur Adaptation of the Leiter International Performance Scale. Washington, DC: The Psychological Service Center Press."},{"key":"466598_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01381.x","volume":"37","author":"A. Bailey","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bailey, A., Philips, W., & Rutter, M. (1996). Autism: Towards an integration of clinical, genetic, neuropsychological and neurobiological perspectives. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37, 89-126.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"466598_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026052417561","volume":"28","author":"M. Barton","year":"1998","unstructured":"Barton, M., & Volkmar, F. (1998). How commonly are known medical conditions associated with autism? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 28, 273-278.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR7","volume-title":"Manual for the Bayley Scales of Infant Development","author":"N. Bayley","year":"1969","unstructured":"Bayley, N. (1969). Manual for the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. New York: Psychological Corporation."},{"key":"466598_CR8","volume-title":"Manual for the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (2nd ed.)","author":"N. Bayley","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bayley, N. (1993). Manual for the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (2nd ed.). New York: Psychological Corporation.","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"466598_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.175.5.444","volume":"175","author":"S. K. Berument","year":"1999","unstructured":"Berument, S. K., Rutter, M., Lord, C., Pickles, A., & Bailey, A. (1999). Autism screening questionnaire: Diagnostic validity. British Journal of Psychiatry, 175, 444-451.","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"466598_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00488","volume":"40","author":"A. Cox","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cox, A., Klein, K., Charman, T., Baird, G., Baron-Cohen, S., Swettenham, J., Drew, A., & Wheelwright, S. (1999). Autism spectrum disorders at 20 and 42 months of age: Stability of clinical and ADI-R diagnosis. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, 719-732.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"466598_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02172092","volume":"24","author":"D. L. DiLalla","year":"1994","unstructured":"DiLalla, D. L., & Rogers, S. J. (1994). Domains of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale: Relevance for diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24, 115-128.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00916315","volume":"21","author":"R. C. Eaves","year":"1993","unstructured":"Eaves, R. C., & Milner, B. (1993). The criterion-related validity of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale and the Autism Behavior Checklist. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 21, 481-491.","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology"},{"key":"466598_CR13","volume-title":"R\u00e9ttm\u00e6tis-og \u00e1rei\u00f4anleikaathugun \u00e1 Greiningarkvar\u00f4a fyrir barnaeinhverfu (CARS). [Study of the reliability and validity of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS)]","author":"A. V. Einarsd\u00f3ttir","year":"1992","unstructured":"Einarsd\u00f3ttir, A. V., & Haraldsd\u00f3ttir, G. (1992). R\u00e9ttm\u00e6tis-og \u00e1rei\u00f4anleikaathugun \u00e1 Greiningarkvar\u00f4a fyrir barnaeinhverfu (CARS). [Study of the reliability and validity of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS)]. Unpublished B. A. thesis, University of Iceland, Reykjav\u00edk, Iceland."},{"key":"466598_CR14","first-page":"32","volume-title":"Autism and pervasive developmental disorders","author":"E. Fombonne","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fombonne, E. (1998). Epidemiological surveys of autism. In F. R. Volkmar (Ed.), Autism and pervasive developmental disorders (pp. 32-63). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"466598_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02212193","volume":"18","author":"D. G. Garfin","year":"1988","unstructured":"Garfin, D. G., McCallon, D., & Cox, R. (1988). Validity and reliability of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale with autistic adolescents. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 18, 367-378.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR16","volume-title":"Greindarpr\u00f3f Wechslers handa b\u00f6rnum. [Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children]","author":"A. Hannibalsson","year":"1971","unstructured":"Hannibalsson, A. (1971). Greindarpr\u00f3f Wechslers handa b\u00f6rnum. [Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children]. Reykjavik, Iceland: Reykjavik Primary Health Care Center."},{"key":"466598_CR17","volume-title":"Statistical Methods in Psychology (3rd ed.)","author":"D. C. Howell","year":"1992","unstructured":"Howell, D. C. (1992). Statistical Methods in Psychology (3rd ed.). Belmont, CA: Duxbury Press.","edition":"3rd ed."},{"key":"466598_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02212936","volume":"19","author":"A. Le Couteur","year":"1989","unstructured":"Le Couteur, A., Rutter, M., Lord, C., Rios, P., Robertson, S., Holdgrafer, M., & McLennan, J. (1989). Autism Diagnostic Interview: A standardized investigator-based instrument. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 19, 363-387.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR19","volume-title":"Leiter International Performance Scale: A handbook","author":"M. N. Levine","year":"1982","unstructured":"Levine, M. N. (1982). Leiter International Performance Scale: A handbook. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services."},{"key":"466598_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195050356.001.0001","volume-title":"Foundations of Epidemiology","author":"D. E. Lilienfeld","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lilienfeld, D. E., & Stolley, P. D. (1994). Foundations of Epidemiology. New York: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"466598_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(18)30325-3","volume":"14","author":"C. Lord","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lord, C. (1991). Methods and measures of behavior in the diagnosis of autism and related disorders. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 14, 69-80.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America"},{"key":"466598_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01669.x","volume":"36","author":"C. Lord","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lord, C. (1995). Follow-up of two-year-olds referred for possible autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 1365-1382.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"466598_CR23","first-page":"460","volume-title":"Autism and pervasive developmental disorders","author":"C. Lord","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lord, C. (1997). Diagnostic instruments in autism spectrum disorders. In D. J. Cohen, & F. R. Volkmar (Eds.), Autism and pervasive developmental disorders (pp. 460-483). New York: Wiley."},{"key":"466598_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025873925661","volume":"27","author":"C. Lord","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lord, C., Pickles, A., McLennan, J., Rutter, M., Bregman, J., Folstein, S., Fombonne, E., Leboyer, M., & Minshew, N. (1997). Diagnosing autism: Analyses of data from the Autism Diagnostic Interview. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 27, 501-517.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2779(1998)4:2<90::AID-MRDD5>3.0.CO;2-0","volume":"4","author":"C. Lord","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lord, C., & Risi, S. (1998). Frameworks and methods in diagnosing autism spectrum disorders. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Review, 4, 90-96.","journal-title":"Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Review"},{"key":"466598_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02172145","volume":"24","author":"C. Lord","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994). Autism Diagnostic Interview\u2013Revised: A revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24, 659-685.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0355(199323)14:3<234::AID-IMHJ2280140308>3.0.CO;2-F","volume":"14","author":"C. Lord","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lord, C., Storoschuck, S., Rutter, M., & Pickles, A. (1993). Using the ADI-R to diagnose autism in preschool children. Infant Mental Health Journal, 14, 234-252.","journal-title":"Infant Mental Health Journal"},{"key":"466598_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026067104198","volume":"28","author":"V. Nordin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nordin, V., Gillberg, C., & Nyd\u00e9n, A. (1998). The Swedish version of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale in a clinical setting. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 28, 69-75.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026092632466","volume":"28","author":"T. Pilowsky","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pilowsky, T., Yirmiya, N., Shulman, C., & Dover, R. (1998). The Autism Diagnostic Interview\u2013Revised and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale: Differences between diagnostic systems and comparison between genders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 28, 143-151.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR30","first-page":"170","volume-title":"The Eleventh Mental Measurements Yearbook","author":"B. Prizant","year":"1992","unstructured":"Prizant, B. (1992). Review of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale. In J. J. Kramer, J. C. Conoley, & L. L. Murphy (Eds.), The Eleventh Mental Measurements Yearbook (pp. 170-171). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press."},{"key":"466598_CR31","volume-title":"Autism Diagnostic Interview\u2013Revised research protocol (3rd. ed.), corrected 11 September 1991","author":"M. Rutter","year":"1990","unstructured":"Rutter, M., Lord, C., & Le Couteur, A. (1990) Autism Diagnostic Interview\u2013Revised research protocol (3rd. ed.), corrected 11 September 1991. London: Institute of Psychiatry.","edition":"3rd. ed."},{"key":"466598_CR32","volume-title":"The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS)","author":"E. Schopler","year":"1988","unstructured":"Schopler, E., Reichler, R. J., & Renner, B. R. (1988). The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services."},{"key":"466598_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02206868","volume":"21","author":"J. A. Sevin","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sevin, J. A., Matson, J. L., Coe, D. A., Fee, V. E., & Sevin, B. M. (1991). A comparison and evaluation of three commonly used autism scales. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 21, 415-432.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02172273","volume":"26","author":"E. Sponheim","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sponheim, E. (1996). Changing criteria of autistic disorders: A comparison of the ICD-10 research criteria and DSM-IV with DSMIII-R, CARS, and ABC. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 26, 513-525.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022111419409","volume":"29","author":"J. Stella","year":"1999","unstructured":"Stella, J., Mundy, P., & Tuchman, R. (1999). Social and nonsocial factors in the Childhood Autism Rating Scale. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 307-317.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199803000-00011","volume":"37","author":"P. E. Tanguay","year":"1998","unstructured":"Tanguay, P. E., Robertson, J., & Derrick, A. (1998). A dimensional classification of autism spectrum disorder by social communication domains. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 37, 271-277.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"466598_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01046324","volume":"22","author":"M. Van Bourgondien","year":"1992","unstructured":"Van Bourgondien, M., Marcus, M., & Schopler, E. (1992). Comparison of DSM-III-R and Childhood Autism Rating Scale diagnoses of autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 22, 493-506.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01046323","volume":"22","author":"F. R. Volkmar","year":"1992","unstructured":"Volkmar, F. R., Cicchetti, D. V., Bregman, J., & Cohen, D. J. (1992). Three diagnostic systems for autism: DSM-III, DSM-III-R and ICD-10. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 22, 483-492.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.3.445-a","volume":"151","author":"F. R. Volkmar","year":"1994","unstructured":"Volkmar, F. R., Klin, A., Siegel, B., Szatmari, P., Lord, C., Campbell, M., Freeman, B. J., Cicchetti, D. V., Rutter, M., Kline, W., Buitelaar, J., Hattab, Y., Fombonne, E., Fuentes, J., Werry, J., Stone, W., Kerbeshian, J., Hoshino, Y., Bregman, J., Loveland, K., Szymanski, L., & Towbin, K. (1994). Field trial for autistic disorder in DSM-IV. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 1361-1367.","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"466598_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02276235","volume":"26","author":"L. Waterhouse","year":"1996","unstructured":"Waterhouse, L., Morris, R., Allen, D., Dunn, M., Fein, D., Feinstein, C., Rapin, I., & Wing, L. (1996). Diagnosis and classification in autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 26, 59-86.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"466598_CR41","volume-title":"Manual for the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children","author":"D. Wechsler","year":"1949","unstructured":"Wechsler, D. (1949). Manual for the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. New York: Psychological Corporation."},{"key":"466598_CR42","volume-title":"Manual for the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence\u2013Revised","author":"D. Wechsler","year":"1989","unstructured":"Wechsler, D. (1989). Manual for the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence\u2013Revised. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation."},{"key":"466598_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02098832","volume":"2","author":"L. Wing","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wing, L. (1993). The definition and prevalence of autism: A review. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2, 61-74.","journal-title":"European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"466598_CR44","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (1993). The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders. Diagnostic criteria for research. Geneva, Switzerland: Author."}],"container-title":["Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1024410702242.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1024410702242\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1024410702242.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T08:28:11Z","timestamp":1749112091000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1023\/A:1024410702242"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]}},"alternative-id":["466598"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/a:1024410702242","relation":{},"ISSN":["0162-3257","1573-3432"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0162-3257","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-3432","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]}}}