{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T11:10:52Z","timestamp":1774869052417,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,4,1]],"date-time":"1997-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":859852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,4,1]],"date-time":"1997-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":859852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Mol Neurobiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]},"DOI":"10.1023\/a:1026309727518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,4]],"date-time":"2003-11-04T00:30:08Z","timestamp":1067905808000},"page":"157-169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["At Least Three Neurotransmitter Systems Mediate a Stress-Induced Increase in c-fos mRNA in Different Rat Brain Areas"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Bozas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Tritos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Phillipidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Stylianopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"425577_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4710","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)32480-3","volume":"258","author":"M. N. Alexis","year":"1983","unstructured":"Alexis, M. N., Stylianopoulou, F., Kitraki, E., and Sekeris, C. E. (1983). The distribution and properties of the glucocorticoid receptor from rat brain and pituitary. J. Biol. Chem.\n258:4710\u20134714.","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"425577_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1991.tb00076.x","volume":"3","author":"K. V. Anohkin","year":"1991","unstructured":"Anohkin, K. V., and Rose, P. R. (1991). Learning-induced increase of immediate early gene messenger RNA in the chick forebrain. Eur. J. Neurosci.\n3:162\u2013167.","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"S1","key":"425577_CR3","first-page":"14","volume":"60","author":"D. J. Autelitano","year":"1994","unstructured":"Autelitano, D. J. (1994). Rapid induction of c-fos and AP-1 modulate corticotroph responsiveness to glucocorticoids. Neuroendocrinology\n60(S1):14 (S10.3).","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"425577_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)91658-2","volume":"592","author":"G. Bing","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bing, G., Stone, E. A., Zhang, Y., and Filer, D. (1992). Immunohistochemical studies of noradrenergic-induced expression of c-Fos in the rat CNS. Brain Res.\n592:57\u201362.","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"425577_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9569","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.23.9569","volume":"86","author":"S. Ceccateli","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ceccateli, S., Villar, M. J., Goldstein, M., and Hokfelt, T. (1989). Expression of c-Fos immunoreactivity in transmitter-characterized neurons after stress. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA\n86:9569\u20139573.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"425577_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90021-2","volume":"162","author":"P. Chomczynski","year":"1987","unstructured":"Chomczynski, P., and Sacchi, N. (1987). Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal. Biochem.\n162:156\u2013159.","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"425577_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03480090092034","volume":"267","author":"G. P. Chrousos","year":"1992","unstructured":"Chrousos, G. P., and Gold, P. W. (1992). The concepts of stress and stress system disorders. JAMA\n267:1244\u20131252.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"425577_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90024-4","volume":"55","author":"T. Curran","year":"1988","unstructured":"Curran, T., and Franza, B. R., Jr. (1988). Fos and Jun: The AP-1 connection. Cell\n55:395\u2013397.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"425577_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(84)90219-8","volume":"36","author":"T. Curran","year":"1984","unstructured":"Curran, T., Miller, A. D., Zokas, L., and Verma, I. M. (1984). Viral and cellular Fos proteins. A comparative analysis. Cell\n36:259\u2013268.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"425577_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(90)90341-6","volume":"111","author":"M. Dragunow","year":"1990","unstructured":"Dragunow, M., and Faull, R. L. M. (1990). MK-801 induces c-Fos protein in thalamic and neocortical neurons of rat brain. Neurosci. Lett.\n111:39\u201345.","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"425577_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(87)90121-2","volume":"82","author":"M. Dragunow","year":"1987","unstructured":"Dragunow, M., and Robertson, H. A. (1987). Generalized seizures induce c-Fos protein(s) in mammalian neurons. Neurosci. Lett.\n82:157\u2013161.","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"425577_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(88)90993-6","volume":"440","author":"M. Dragunow","year":"1988","unstructured":"Dragunow, M., and Robertson, H. A. (1988a). Localization and induction of c-Fos protein-like immunoreactive material in the nuclei of adult mammalian neurons. Brain Res.\n440:252\u2013260.","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"425577_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(88)90088-1","volume":"445","author":"M. Dragunow","year":"1988","unstructured":"Dragunow, M., and Robertson, H. A. (1988b). Brain injury induces c-Fos protein(s) in nerve and glial-like cells in adult mammalian brain. Brain Res.\n445:295\u2013299.","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"425577_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(89)90545-4","volume":"101","author":"M. Dragunow","year":"1989","unstructured":"Dragunow, M., Abraham, W. C., Goulding, M., Mason, S. E., Robertson, H. A., and Faull, R. L. M. (1989). Long-term potentiation and the induction of c-fos mRNA and proteins in the dentate gyrus of unanesthetized rats. Neurosci. Lett.\n101:274\u2013280.","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"425577_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)90819-H","volume":"567","author":"G. Ehret","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ehret, G., and Fischer, R. (1991). Neuronal activity and tonotopy in the auditory system visualized by c-fos gene expression. Brain Res.\n567:350\u2013354.","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"425577_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(83)90418-9","volume":"132","author":"A. P. Feinberg","year":"1983","unstructured":"Feinberg, A. P., and Vogelstein, B. (1983). A technique for radiolabelling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Anal. Biochem.\n132:6\u201313.","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"425577_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/13.5.1431","volume":"13","author":"P. Fort","year":"1985","unstructured":"Fort, P., Marty, L., Piechaczyk, M., El Sabrouty, S., Dani, C., Jeanteur, P., and Blanchard, J. M. (1985). Various rat adult tissues express only one major mRNA species from the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase multigenic family. Nucleic Acid Res.\n13:1431\u20131442.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acid Res."},{"key":"425577_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90621-L","volume":"53","author":"P. Gass","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gass, P., Herdegen, T., Bravo, R., and Kiessling, M. (1993). Induction and suppression of immediate early genes in specific rat brain regions by the non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist MK-801. Neuroscience\n53:749\u2013758.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"425577_CR19","first-page":"626","volume-title":"Principles of Neural Science","author":"C. Ghez","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ghez, C. (1991). The cerebellum. Principles of Neural Science, 3rd ed. (E. R. Kandel, J. H. Schwartz and T. M. Jessell, Eds.), Elsevier, New York, pp. 626\u2013646.","edition":"3rd ed."},{"key":"425577_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)38689-1","volume":"260","author":"M. E. Greenberg","year":"1985","unstructured":"Greenberg, M. E., Greene, L. A., and Ziff, E. B. (1985). Nerve growth factor and epidermal growth factor induce rapid transient changes in protooncogene transcription in PC12 cells. J. Biol. Chem.\n260:14101\u201314110.","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"425577_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-328X(89)90026-0","volume":"6","author":"R. M. Gubits","year":"1989","unstructured":"Gubits, R. M., Smith, T. M. Fairhurst, J. L., and Yu, H. (1989). Adrenergic receptors mediate changes in c-fos mRNA levels in brain. Mol. Brain Res.\n6:30\u201345.","journal-title":"Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"425577_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(90)90081-E","volume":"35","author":"D. G. Herrera","year":"1990","unstructured":"Herrera, D. G., and Robertson, H. A. (1990). N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors mediate activation of the c-fos protooncogene in a model of brain injury. Neuroscience\n35:273\u2013281.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"425577_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90173-7","volume":"598","author":"J. Honkaniemi","year":"1992","unstructured":"Honkaniemi, J. (1992). Colocalization of peptide-and tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactivities with Fos-immunoreactive neurons in rat central amygdaloid nucleus after immobilization stress. Brain Res.\n598:107\u2013113.","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"425577_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199302000-00017","volume":"4","author":"P. Hughes","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hughes, P., Dragunow, M., Beilharz, E., Lawlor, P., and Gluckman, P. (1993). MK-80t induces immediate-early gene proteins and BDNF mRNA in rat cerebrocortical neurons. Neuroreport\n4:183\u2013186.","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"425577_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.0.0090131","volume":"9","author":"E. Kitraki","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kitraki, E., Philippidis, H., and Stylianopoulou, F. (1992). Hormonal control of insulin-like growth factor-II gene expression in the rat liver. J. Mol. Endocrinol.\n9:131\u2013136.","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"425577_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08442.x","volume":"59","author":"F. Le","year":"1992","unstructured":"Le, F., Wilce, P. A., Hume, D. A., and Shanley, B. C. (1992). Involvement of \u03b3-aminobutyric acid and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the inhibitory effect of ethanol on pentylenetetrazole-induced c-fos expression in rat brain. J. Neurochem.\n59:1309\u20131315.","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"425577_CR27","first-page":"413","volume":"9","author":"J. F. McElroy","year":"1983","unstructured":"McElroy, J. F., and Meyer, J. S. (1983). Relationship between benzodiazepine receptors and the attenuation of stress-induced corticosterone elevations in rats. Neuroscience\n9:413.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"425577_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7035","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/12.18.7035","volume":"12","author":"D. Melton","year":"1984","unstructured":"Melton, D., Krieg, P. A., Rebagliati, M. R., Maniatis, T., Zinn, K., and Green, M. R. (1984). Efficient in vitro synthesis of biologically active RNA and RNA hybridization probes from plasmids containing a bacteriophage SP6 promoter. Nucleic Acids Res.\n12:7035\u20137056.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"425577_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3891","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.10.3891","volume":"86","author":"I. Mocchetti","year":"1989","unstructured":"Mocchetti, I., De Bernardi, M. A., Skekely, A. M., Alho, H., Brooker, G., and Costa, E. (1989). Regulation of nerve growth factor biosynthesis by \u03b2-adrenergic receptor activation in astrocytoma cells: A potential role of c-Fos protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA\n86:3891\u20133895.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"425577_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.14.030191.002225","volume":"14","author":"J. I. Morgan","year":"1991","unstructured":"Morgan, J. I., and Curran, T. (1991). Stimulus-transcription coupling in the nervous system: Involvement of the inducible protooncogeneses fos and jun. Annu. Rev. Neurosci.\n14:421\u2013451.","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"425577_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3037702","volume":"237","author":"J. I. Morgan","year":"1987","unstructured":"Morgan, J. I., Cohen, D. R., Hempstead, J. L., and Curran, T. (1987). Mapping patterns of c-fos expression in the central nervous system after seizure. Science\n237:192\u2013197.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"425577_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(90)90172-8","volume":"511","author":"D. G. Nehls","year":"1990","unstructured":"Nehls, D. G., Park, C. K., MacCormack, A. G., and McCulloch, J. (1990). The effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockade with MK-801 upon the relationship between cerebral blood flow and glucose utilisation. Brain Res.\n511:271\u2013279.","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"425577_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2660263","volume":"244","author":"J. W. Olney","year":"1989","unstructured":"Olney, J. W., Labruyere, J., and Price, M. T. (1989). Pathological changes induced in cerebrocortical neurons by phencyclidine and related drugs. Science\n244:1360\u20131362.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"425577_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8382376","volume":"259","author":"D. Pearse","year":"1993","unstructured":"Pearse, D., and Yamamoto, K. R. (1993). Mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor activities distinguished by nonreceptor factors at a composite response element. Science\n259:1161\u20131165.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"425577_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(94)90572-X","volume":"252","author":"R. N. Pechnick","year":"1994","unstructured":"Pechnick, R. N., and Hiramatsu, M. (1994). The effects of MK-801 on body temperature and behavior in the rat; Cross-sensitization and cross-tolerance with phencyclidine. Eur. J. Pharmacol.\n252:35\u201342.","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"425577_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-328X(90)90068-O","volume":"7","author":"S. M. Sagar","year":"1990","unstructured":"Sagar, S. M., and Sharp, F. R. (1990). Light induces a Fos-like nuclear antigen in retinal neurons. Mol. Brain Res.\n7:17\u201321.","journal-title":"Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"425577_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3131879","volume":"240","author":"S. M. Sagar","year":"1988","unstructured":"Sagar, S. M., Sharp, F. R., and Curran, T. (1988). Expression of c-fos protein in brain: Metabolic mapping at the cellular level. Science\n240:1328\u20131331.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"425577_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199301000-00014","volume":"4","author":"M. Sallaz","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sallaz, M., and Jourdan, F. (1993). C-fos expression and 2-deoxyglucose uptake in the olfactory bulb of odour-stimulated awake rate. NeuroReport\n4:55\u201358.","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"425577_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6174","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.19.6174","volume":"81","author":"R. M. Sapolsky","year":"1984","unstructured":"Sapolsky, R. M., Krey, L. C., and McEwen, B. S. (1984). Glucocorticoid-sensitive hippocampal neurons are involved in terminating the adrenocortical stress response. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA\n81:6174\u20136177.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"425577_CR40","first-page":"1221","volume":"5","author":"R. M. Sapolsky","year":"1985","unstructured":"Sapolsky, R. M., Krey, L. C., and McEwen, B. S. (1985). Prolonged glucocorticoid exposure reduces hippocampal neuron number: Implications for aging. J. Neurosci.\n5:1221\u20131226.","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"425577_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199101000-00004","volume":"2","author":"S. S. Schreiber","year":"1991","unstructured":"Schreiber, S. S., Tocco, G., Shors, T. J., and Thompson, R. F. (1991). Activation of immediate early genes after acute stress. NeuroReport\n2:17\u201320.","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"425577_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(90)90106-P","volume":"4","author":"M. Sheng","year":"1990","unstructured":"Sheng, M., and Greenberg, M. E. (1990). The regulation and function of c-fos and other immediate early genes in the nervous system. Neuron\n4:477\u2013485.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"425577_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(90)90115-V","volume":"4","author":"M. Sheng","year":"1990","unstructured":"Sheng, M., McFadden, G., and Greenberg, M. E. (1990). Membrane depolarization and calcium induce c-fos transcription via phosphorylation of transcription factor CREB. Neuron\n4:571\u2013582.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"425577_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)91589-S","volume":"542","author":"Y. Uemura","year":"1991","unstructured":"Uemura, Y., Kowall, N. M., and Beal, M. F. (1991). Global ischemia induces NMDA receptor-mediated c-fos expression in neurons resistant to injury in gerbil hippocampus. Brain Res.\n542:343\u2013347.","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"425577_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)90800-B","volume":"567","author":"T. C. Wessel","year":"1991","unstructured":"Wessel, T. C., Jon, T. H., and Volpe, B. T. (1991). In situ hybridization analysis of c-fos and c-jun expression in the rat brain following transient forebrain ischemia. Brain Res.\n567:231\u2013240.","journal-title":"Brain Res."}],"container-title":["Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1026309727518.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1026309727518\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.springerlink.com\/index\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1026309727518","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1026309727518.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]],"date-time":"2025-07-06T17:28:49Z","timestamp":1751822929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1023\/A:1026309727518"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]}},"alternative-id":["425577"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/a:1026309727518","relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-4340","1573-6830"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0272-4340","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6830","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]}}}