{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T00:03:19Z","timestamp":1752537799238,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]],"date-time":"1999-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":938736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]],"date-time":"1999-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":938736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dig Dis Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"DOI":"10.1023\/a:1026634721351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,6]],"date-time":"2003-11-06T12:29:30Z","timestamp":1068121770000},"page":"2076-2080","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Smoking and Male Gender Rather than CagA Protein Are Associated with Increased Risk for Duodenal Ulcer in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Patients in Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Tseng-Shing","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Full-Young","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shou-Dong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"296383_CR1","first-page":"278","volume":"83","author":"CP Dooley","year":"1988","unstructured":"Dooley CP, McKenna D, Humphreys H, Bourke S, Keane CT, Sweeney E, O'Moran C: Histological gastritis in duodenal ulcer: Relationship to Campylobacter pylori and effect of ulcer therapy. Am J Gastroenterol 83:278\u2013282, 1988","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"296383_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)91816-6","volume":"1","author":"BJ Marshall","year":"1984","unstructured":"Marshall BJ, Warren JR: Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach of patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration. Lancet 1:1311\u20131315, 1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"296383_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91545-5","volume":"2","author":"JG Coghlan","year":"1987","unstructured":"Coghlan JG, Gilligan D, Humphries H, McKenna D, Dooley C, Sweeney E, Keane C, O'Moran C: Campylobacter pylori and recurrence of duodenal ulcers-a 12 month follow-up study. Lancet 2:1109\u20131111, 1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"296383_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)90929-4","volume":"2","author":"BJ Marshall","year":"1988","unstructured":"Marshall BJ, Warren JR, Blincow ED, Phillips M, Goodwin CS, Murray R, Blackbourn SJ, Waters TE, Sanderson CR: Prospective double-blind trial of duodenal ulcer relapse after eradication of Campylobacter pylori. Lancet 2:1437\u20131442, 1988","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"296383_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)91301-P","volume":"335","author":"EA Rauws","year":"1990","unstructured":"Rauws EA, Tytgat GNJ: Cure of duodenal ulcer associated with eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Lancet 335:1233\u20131235, 1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"296383_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-26-2-93","volume":"26","author":"RD Leunk","year":"1988","unstructured":"Leunk RD, Johnson PT, David BC, Kraft WG, Morgan DR: Cytotoxic activity in broth culture filtrates of Campylobacter pylori. J Med Microbiol 26:93\u201399, 1988","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"296383_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.27.1.225-226.1989","volume":"27","author":"N Figura","year":"1989","unstructured":"Figura N, Guglielmetti P, Rossolini A, Barberi A, Cusi G, Musmanno RA, Russi M, Quaranta S: Cytotoxin production by Campylobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with peptic ulcers and from patients with gastritis only. J Clin Microbiol 27:225\u2013226, 1989","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"296383_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90477-7","volume":"338","author":"JE Crabtree","year":"1991","unstructured":"Crabtree JE, Taylor JD, Wyatt JI, Heatley RV, Shallcross TM, Tompkins DS, Rathbone BJ: Mucosal IgA recognition of Helicobacter pylori 120 kDa protein, peptic ulceration, and gastric pathology. Lancet 338:332\u2013335, 1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"suppl1","key":"296383_CR9","first-page":"A79","volume":"37","author":"S Cadranel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cadranel S, Butzler JP, Glupcynski Y: Serum reactivity to Helicobacter pylori antigens assessed by HelicoBlot 2.0 in H. pylori positive children from different ethnic groups. Gut 37( suppl 1):A79, 1995","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"296383_CR10","first-page":"1511","volume":"89","author":"TS Chen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Chen TS, Tsay SH, Chang FY, Lee SD: Effect of eradication of Helicobacter pylori on serum pepsinogen I, gastrin, and insulin in duodenal ulcer patients: a 12\u2013month follow-up study. Am J Gastroenterol 89:1511\u20131514, 1994","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"296383_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018846723379","volume":"42","author":"S Maeda","year":"1997","unstructured":"Maeda S, Kanai F, Ogura K, Yoshida H, Ikenoue T, Takahashi M, Kawabe T, Shiratori Y, Omata M: High seropositivity of anti-CagA antibody in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients irrelevant to peptic ulcers and normal mucosa in Japan. Dig Dis Sci 42:1841\u20131847, 1997","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"296383_CR12","first-page":"1785","volume":"91","author":"HM Mitchell","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mitchell HM, Hazell SL, Li YY, Hu PJ: Serological response to specific Helicobacter pylori antigens: Antibody against CagA antigen is not predictive of gastric cancer in a developing country. Am J Gastroenterol 91:1785\u20131788, 1996","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"296383_CR13","unstructured":"Ng TM, Fock KM, Ng HC: The seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to Helicobacter pylori CagA protein in patients with peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer and non-ulcer dyspepsia in Singapore. International American Association Singapore Gastroenterological Meeting, September 6\u20139, 1995"},{"issue":"suppl1","key":"296383_CR14","first-page":"A69","volume":"37","author":"AP Lage","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lage AP, Godfroid E, Fauconnier A, Burette A, Goutier S, Butzler JP, Bollen A, Glupczynski Y: Frequency of cagA in Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Belgian and Moroccan patients. Gut 37( suppl 1):A69, 1995","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"296383_CR15","first-page":"1322","volume":"91","author":"S Miehlke","year":"1996","unstructured":"Miehlke S, Kibler K, Kim JG, Figura N, Small SM, Graham DY, Go MF: Allelic variation in the cagA gene of Helicobacter pylori obtained from Korea compared to the United States. Am J Gastroenterol 91:1322\u20131325, 1996","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"296383_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.1994.tb00366.x","volume":"9","author":"RJ Owen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Owen RJ, Hurtado A, Banatvala N, Abdi Y, Devies GR, Feldman R, Hardie JM: Conservation of the cytotoxinassociated (cagA) gene of Helicobacter pylori and investigation of association with vacuolating-cytotoxin activity and gastroduodenal disease. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 9:307\u2013316, 1994","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"296383_CR17","first-page":"1316","volume":"92","author":"JC Yang","year":"1997","unstructured":"Yang JC, Wang TH, Wang HJ, Kuo CH, Wang JT, Wang WC: Genetic analysis of the cytotoxin-associated gene and the vacuolating toxin gene in Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Taiwanese patients. Am J Gastroenterol 92:1316\u20131321, 1997","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"296383_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/25.3.638","volume":"25","author":"JY Wang","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wang JY, Liu SB, Chen SY, Dobson A: Risk factors for peptic ulcer in Shanghai. Int J Epidemiol 25:638\u2013643, 1996","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"296383_CR19","first-page":"65","volume":"6","author":"JW Kikendall","year":"1984","unstructured":"Kikendall JW, Evaul J, Johnson LF: Effect of cigarette smoking on gastrointestinal physiology and non-neoplastic digestive disease. J Clin Gastroenterol 6:65\u201379, 1984","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"296383_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(83)90438-9","volume":"85","author":"MG Korman","year":"1983","unstructured":"Korman MG, Hansky J, Eaves ER, Schmidt GT: Influence of cigarette smoking on healing and relapse in duodenal ulcer disease. Gastroenterology 85:871\u2013874, 1983","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"296383_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529409090466","volume":"29","author":"XY Zhang","year":"1994","unstructured":"Zhang XY, Leung FW: Cigarette smoke aggravates acidinduced duodenal mucosal injury in the rat. Scand J Gastroenterol 29:214\u2013218, 1994","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"296383_CR22","first-page":"1390","volume":"87","author":"TJ Borody","year":"1992","unstructured":"Borody TJ, George LL, Brandl S, Andrews P, Jankiewicz E, Ostapowicz N: Smoking does not contribute to duodenal ulcer relapse after Helicobacter pylori eradication. Am J Gastroenterol 87:1390\u20131393, 1992","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"296383_CR23","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Principles and Practice of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","author":"IL Taylor","year":"1988","unstructured":"Taylor IL: Duodenal ulcer disease. In Principles and Practice of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. G Gitnick, D Hollander, N Kaplowitz, IM Samloff, LJ Schoenfield (eds). New York, Elsevier, 1988, pp 175\u2013190"},{"key":"296383_CR24","first-page":"150","volume":"7","author":"TS Chen","year":"1990","unstructured":"Chen TS, Lai KH, Kuo LW, Jeng SS, Lee SD, Tsai YT: Clinical analysis of 112 asymptomatic peptic ulcers. Chin J Gastroenterol 7:150\u2013154, 1990","journal-title":"Chin J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"296383_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)90644-Z","volume":"100","author":"DY Graham","year":"1991","unstructured":"Graham DY, Malaty HM, Evans DG, Evans DJ, Klein PD, Adam E: Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori in an asymptomatic population in the United States. Gastroenterology 100:1495\u20131501, 1991","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"296383_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.6.4.364","volume":"6","author":"BJ Vakiland","year":"1965","unstructured":"Vakiland BJ, Mulekar AM: Studies with the maximal histamin test. Gut 6:364\u2013371, 1965","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"296383_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.17.3.169","volume":"17","author":"SK Lam","year":"1976","unstructured":"Lam SK, Ong GB: Duodenal ulcers: Early and late onset. Gut 17:169\u2013179, 1976","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"296383_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4883.315","volume":"2","author":"I Aird","year":"1954","unstructured":"Aird I, Bentall HH, Mehigan JA, Roberts JAF: The blood groups in relation to peptic ulceration and carcinoma of colon, rectum, breast and bronchus. Br Med J 2:315\u2013321, 1954","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"296383_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529709025057","volume":"32","author":"HO Hein","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hein HO, Suadicani P, Gyntelberg F: Genetic markers for peptic ulcer. A study of 3387 men aged 54 to 74 years: The Copenhagen male study. Scand J Gastroenterol 32:16\u201321, 1997","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Digestive Diseases and Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1026634721351.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1026634721351\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1023\/A:1026634721351.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T03:08:12Z","timestamp":1752462492000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1023\/A:1026634721351"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}},"alternative-id":["296383"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/a:1026634721351","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-2116","1573-2568"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0163-2116"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1573-2568"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}}}