{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T03:45:21Z","timestamp":1792640721393,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IMR Press","issue":"Supplement 1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Inadequate vitamin A (VA) nutrition continues to be a major problem worldwide, and many interventions being implemented to improve VA status in various populations need to be evaluated. The interpretation of results after an intervention depends greatly on the method selected to assess VA status. To evaluate the effect of an intervention on VA status, researchers in Cameroon, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Senegal and Zambia have used serum retinol as an indicator, and have not always found improvement in response to supplementation. One problem is that homeostatic control of serum retinol may mask positive effects of treatment in that changes in concentration are observed only when status is either moderately to severely depleted or excessive. Because VA is stored mainly in the liver, measurements of hepatic VA stores are the \u0093gold standard\u0094 for assessing VA status. Dose response tests such as the relative dose response (RDR) and the modified relative dose response (MRDR), allow a qualitative assessment of VA liver stores. On the other hand, the use of the vitamin A-labeled isotope dilution (VALID) technique, (using\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C or\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    H-labeled retinyl acetate) serves as an indirect method to quantitatively estimate total body and liver VA stores. Countries including Cameroon, China, Ghana, Mexico, Thailand and Zambia are now applying the VALID method to sensitively assess changes in VA status during interventions, or to estimate a population\u0092s dietary requirement for VA. Transition to the use of more sensitive biochemical indicators of VA status such as the VALID technique is needed to effectively assess interventions in populations where mild to moderate VA deficiency is more prevalent than severe deficiency.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831\/a000184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,23]],"date-time":"2014-12-23T21:35:14Z","timestamp":1419370514000},"page":"40-51","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["International Experiences in Assessing Vitamin A Status and Applying the Vitamin A-Labeled Isotope Dilution Method"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Veronica","family":"Lopez-Teros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Sciences, Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico; Research Center for Food and Development, Sonora, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Chileshe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Ndola Central Hospital, Ndola, Zambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Idohou-Dossou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Nutrition, D\u00e9partement de Biologie Animale, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences et Techniques, Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetra","family":"Fajarwati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Applied Health Technology and Clinical Epidemiology, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD) Ministry of Health, Bogor, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Medoua Nama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Food and Nutrition Research, IMPM (Institut de recherches medicales et d\u0092etudes des plantes medicinales), Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kintampo Health Research Centre, Kintampo, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malavika","family":"Vinod Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sundar Serendipity Foundation, Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhixu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emorn","family":"Wasantwisut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet R.","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional and Health-Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, IAEA, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"16242","container-title":["International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/econtent.hogrefe.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1024\/0300-9831\/a000184","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T07:32:02Z","timestamp":1770967922000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.imrpress.com\/journal\/IJVNR\/84\/Suppl 1\/10.1024\/0300-9831\/a000184"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Supplement 1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1024\/0300-9831\/a000184"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1024\/0300-9831\/a000184","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9831","1664-2821"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-9831","type":"print"},{"value":"1664-2821","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]]}}}