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The bioavailability of \u03b2-carotene, among the most frequently consumed carotenoid from the diet, is determined by food matrix related factors such as carotenoid dose, its location in food the matrix, the physical state in food, the presence of other food compounds in the matrix such as dietary fiber, dietary lipids, other micronutrients present such as minerals, and food processing, influencing also the size of food particles, and the presence of absorption inhibitors (fat replacers and anti-obesity drugs) or enhancers (nano-\/micro-formulations). However, also host-related factors such as physiochemical interactions by gastrointestinal secretions (enzyme and salts) and other host-related factors such as surgery, age, disease, obesity, and genetic variations have shown to play a role. This review contributes to the knowledge regarding factors affecting the bioavailability of \u03b2-carotene (food and host-relegated), as well as highlights in vitro models employed to evaluate \u03b2-carotene bioavailability aspects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831\/a000674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T07:51:42Z","timestamp":1597218702000},"page":"1-21","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Factors affecting the fate of \u03b2-carotene in the human gastrointestinal tract: A narrative review"],"prefix":"10.31083","author":[{"given":"Vaibhav Kumar","family":"Maurya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Applied Science, National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat 131 028, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jagmeet","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat 131 028, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vijay","family":"Ranjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat 131 028, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kodiveri Muthukaliannan","family":"Gothandam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Torsten","family":"Bohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Department of Population Health, Nutrition and Health Group, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6873-6936","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sunil","family":"Pareek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat 131 028, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"16242","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2016.1160362"},{"issue":"1","key":"c4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.80510","volume":"73","author":"Yonekura L","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biosc Biotechnol Biochem"},{"issue":"7","key":"c5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-2863(97)00060-0","volume":"8","author":"Furr HC","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"c6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.109.119024"},{"key":"c7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034850"},{"issue":"2","key":"c8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201100230","volume":"56","author":"Weber D","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Nutr Food Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"c9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.22.010402.102834","volume":"22","author":"Yeum KJ","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Rev Nutr"},{"key":"c10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.02.146","volume":"229","author":"Salvia-Trujillo L","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"c11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2018.05.053","volume":"87","author":"Salvia-Trujillo L","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll"},{"issue":"1","key":"c12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/ijfs.13272","volume":"52","author":"Raikos V","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Food Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"c13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb26159.x","volume":"691","author":"Erdman JW","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann New York Acad Sci"},{"key":"c14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2012.04425.x"},{"key":"c15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-464-3_13","volume-title":"Nutrition and health in developing countries","author":"West KP","year":"2008","edition":"2"},{"issue":"84","key":"c16","first-page":"69","volume":"26","author":"Bruins M","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comm Eye Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"c17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2011.06.002","volume":"1821","author":"Harrison EH","year":"2012","journal-title":"BBA - 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