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Eingang fanden kontrollierte Studien und Metaanalysen zwischen 1980 und 2011. Verwendete Suchw\u00f6rter waren Amphetamin, Amphetaminsalze, Lisdexamphetamin, kontrollierte Studien und Metaanalysen. Ergebnisse und Diskussion: Amphetaminpr\u00e4parate weisen gegen\u00fcber Methylphenidat einige pharmakologische Besonderheiten auf, indem sie neben der Dopamin-Wiederaufnahmehemmung auch die Freisetzung von Dopamin und Noradrenalin bewirken. Die klinische Wirksamkeit von Amphetaminpr\u00e4paraten ist so gut wie die von Methylphenidat und das Nebenwirkungsspektrum als vergleichbar einzusch\u00e4tzen. Bei ausbleibender Therapieresponse auf Methylphenidat kann vor dem \u00dcbergang auf eine Substanz zweiter Wahl durch den Einsatz eines Amphetaminpr\u00e4parates die Ansprechrate auf Psychostimulanzien optimiert werden. Da potentiell bei nicht vorgeschriebener Einnahme im Erwachsenenalter eine erh\u00f6hte Missbrauchsgefahr von herk\u00f6mmlichen Amphetaminpr\u00e4paraten feststellbar ist, k\u00f6nnte dar\u00fcber hinaus dem Propharmakon Lisdexamphetamin eine wichtige Bedeutung zukommen aufgrund einer robusten klinischen Wirksamkeit, eines besseren Wirkprofils und m\u00f6glicherweise geringeren Missbrauchsgefahren. Schlussfolgerungen: Amphetaminpr\u00e4parate sind eine wichtige Erg\u00e4nzung zu Methylphenidat in der Behandlung der Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivit\u00e4tsst\u00f6rung. Unklarheit besteht derzeit \u00fcber eine differentielle Behandlungsindikation in Abh\u00e4ngigkeit der Symptomkonstellation und m\u00f6glicher Komorbidit\u00e4ten.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1024\/1422-4917\/a000185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,10]],"date-time":"2012-08-10T07:29:31Z","timestamp":1344583771000},"page":"287-300","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Die medikament\u00f6se Behandlung der Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivit\u00e4tsst\u00f6rung im Kindes- und Jugendalter mit Amphetaminpr\u00e4paraten"],"prefix":"10.1024","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Jan","family":"Fr\u00f6lich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zentralinstitut f\u00fcr Seelische Gesundheit, Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Mannheim"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Banaschewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zentralinstitut f\u00fcr Seelische Gesundheit, Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Mannheim"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"Spanagel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zentralinstitut f\u00fcr Seelische Gesundheit, Institut f\u00fcr Psychopharmakologie, Mannheim"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"D\u00f6pfner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters der Universit\u00e4t zu K\u00f6ln"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"Lehmkuhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters der Universit\u00e4t zu K\u00f6ln"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"101","reference":[{"key":"c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.09m05335pur"},{"key":"c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054706295605"},{"key":"c3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E 10","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.1.e10","volume":"107","author":"Ahmann P. 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