{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T13:36:06Z","timestamp":1780061766808,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Hogrefe Publishing Group","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Praxis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Abstract. The non-medical use of image- and performance-enhancing drugs (IPEDs) is widespread in the fitness and bodybuilding scene. The reasons for IPED use are often hedonistic in nature and they are used in so-called \u201ccycles\u201d over several weeks. The most common side effects are: testicular atrophy, acne, hypersexuality, hypertension, gynecomastia, lipid metabolism disorders, mood swings, hair loss, and policythemia. Common consequences following IPED use are: decreased libido, oligo- or azoospermia, and erectile dysfunction. To reduce undesirable side effects and consequences, IPED users often take medications for self-treatment; occasionally IPED users also mention such medications and ask for them in the general medical practice. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1024\/1661-8157\/a003874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T07:01:52Z","timestamp":1651042912000},"page":"e333-e337","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Recognizing IPED Use in Clinical Practice"],"prefix":"10.1024","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Samuell","family":"Iff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric                Hospital of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"},{"name":"Clinic for Psychosis and Dependence, PZM Psychiatry Center M\u00fcnsingen                AG, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"G\u00e4hwiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Sports Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Aarau,                   Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingo","family":"Butzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Psychosis and Dependence, PZM Psychiatry Center M\u00fcnsingen                AG, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris B.","family":"Quednow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric                Hospital of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malte Christian","family":"Claussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric                Hospital of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"},{"name":"Private Clinic Wyss, M\u00fcnchenbuchsee, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Adult Psychiatry, Psychiatric Services Grisons, Chur,                   Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"101","reference":[{"key":"c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2014.01.009"},{"key":"c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988320966536"},{"key":"c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000404"},{"key":"c4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-19-0557"},{"key":"c5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hsc.12326"},{"key":"c6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0019370"},{"key":"c7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.08111699"},{"key":"c8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1550-2783-4-12"},{"key":"c9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2004.00781.x"},{"key":"c10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022042616661837"},{"key":"c11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2015.06.001"},{"key":"c12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.37.4.335"},{"key":"c13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/msm.2018.30.49-52"},{"key":"c14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2008.05.004"},{"key":"c15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.02.002"},{"key":"c16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12850"},{"key":"c17","first-page":"167","volume":"76","author":"Smit DL","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neth J Med"}],"container-title":["Praxis"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/econtent.hogrefe.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1024\/1661-8157\/a003874","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T10:08:43Z","timestamp":1660298923000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/econtent.hogrefe.com\/doi\/10.1024\/1661-8157\/a003874"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1024\/1661-8157\/a003874"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1024\/1661-8157\/a003874","relation":{},"ISSN":["1661-8157","1661-8165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1661-8157","type":"print"},{"value":"1661-8165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}}}