{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:01:59Z","timestamp":1789621319074,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Hogrefe Publishing Group","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Crisis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: In early 2005 the UK Committee on Safety of Medicines (CSM) announced gradual withdrawal of the analgesic co-proxamol because of its adverse benefit\/safety ratio, especially its use for intentional and accidental fatal poisoning. Prescriptions of co-proxamol were reduced in the 3-year withdrawal phase (2005 to 2007) following the CSM announcement. Aims: To assess the impact of the CSM announcement in January 2005 to withdraw co-proxamol on nonfatal self-poisoning with co-proxamol and other analgesics. Methods: Interrupted time series analysis of general hospital presentations for nonfatal self-poisoning (five hospitals in three centers in England), comparing the 3-year withdrawal period 2005\u20132007 with 2000\u20132004. Results: A marked reduction in the number of episodes of nonfatal self-poisoning episodes involving co-proxamol was found following the CSM announcement (an estimated 62% over the period 2005 to 2007 compared to 2000 to 2004). There was no evidence of an increase in nonfatal self-poisoning episodes involving other analgesics (co-codamol, codeine, co-dydramol, dihydrocodeine, and tramadol) in relation to the CSM announcement over the same period, nor a change in the number of all episodes of self-poisoning. Limitations: Data were from three centers only. Conclusions: The impact of the policy appears to have reduced nonfatal self-poisoning with co-proxamol without significant substitution with other analgesics. This finding is in keeping with that for suicide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,22]],"date-time":"2011-05-22T02:30:51Z","timestamp":1306031451000},"page":"81-87","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Impact of Withdrawal of the Analgesic Co-proxamol on Nonfatal Self-Poisoning in the UK"],"prefix":"10.1027","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Keith","family":"Hawton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Suicide Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Bergen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Suicide Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Waters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Derbyshire Mental Health Trust, Derby, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Suicide Prevention, University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayne","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Suicide Prevention, University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navneet","family":"Kapur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Suicide Prevention, University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"101","reference":[{"key":"c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7409.287"},{"key":"c2","first-page":"11","volume":"31","author":"Committee on Safety of Medicines","year":"2006","journal-title":"Current Problems in Pharmacovigilance"},{"key":"c3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1136\/dtb.21.5.17","volume":"21","author":"Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin","year":"1983","journal-title":"Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin"},{"key":"c4","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency . (2009).European Medicines Agency recommends withdrawal of dextropropoxyphene-containing medicines. European Medicines Agency [online]. Retrieved from www.emea.europa.eu\/pdfs\/human\/press\/pr\/40106209en.pdf"},{"key":"c5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-007-0199-7"},{"key":"c6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2270"},{"key":"c7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291703007943"},{"key":"c8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7397.1006"},{"key":"c9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2004.02252.x"},{"key":"c10","unstructured":"Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) . (2005).Withdrawal of co-proxamol products and interim updated prescribing information CEM\/CMO\/2005\/2. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) [On-line]. Retrieved from www.mhra.gov.uk\/home\/groups\/pl-a\/documents\/websiteresources\/con019461.pdf"},{"key":"c11","first-page":"82","volume":"33","author":"Office for National Statistics","year":"2007","journal-title":"Health Statistics Quarterly"},{"key":"c12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0266462303000576"},{"key":"c13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2008.03206.x"},{"key":"c14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hci026"},{"key":"c15","volume-title":"Stata statistical software: Release 10","author":"Stata Corporation","year":"2007"},{"key":"c16","volume-title":"Prescription cost analysis: England 2005","author":"The Information Centre for health and social care, P. S.U","year":"2006"},{"key":"c17","volume-title":"Prescription cost analysis: England 2006","author":"The Information Centre for health and social care, P. S.U","year":"2007"},{"key":"c18","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration . (2009a).FDA [On-line]. Retrieved from www.fda.gov\/default.htm"},{"key":"c19","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration . (2009b).FDA takes actions on Darvon, other pain medications containing propoxyphene. FDA [Online]. Retrieved from www.fda.gov\/NewsEvents\/Newsroom\/PressAnnouncements\/ucm170769.htm"},{"key":"c20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2710.2002.00430.x"},{"key":"c21","unstructured":"Zhang, F. Wagner, A. Soumerai, S. B. Ross-Degnan, D. (2002).Estimating confidence intervals around relative changes in outcomes in segmented regression analyses of time series data. 15th Annual NESUG (NorthEast SAS Users Group Inc) Conference [On-line]. Retrieved from www.nesug.info\/Proceedings\/nesug02\/st\/st005.pdf."}],"container-title":["Crisis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/econtent.hogrefe.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000063","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T22:25:03Z","timestamp":1637706303000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/econtent.hogrefe.com\/doi\/10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000063"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000063"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000063","relation":{},"ISSN":["0227-5910","2151-2396"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0227-5910","type":"print"},{"value":"2151-2396","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]}}}