{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T19:35:07Z","timestamp":1790537707843,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Hogrefe Publishing Group","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Crisis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Background: The international literature reports that for every completed suicide there are between 8 and 22 visits to an Emergency Department (ED) for attempted suicide\/suicidal behavior. Aims: To describe the characteristics of admission to emergency departments (EDs) for suicide-related presenting complaints in the metropolitan area of Bologna; to estimate the risk for all-cause mortality and for suicide; to identify the profiles of subjects most at risk. Method: Follow-up of patients admitted to the EDs of the metropolitan area of Bologna between January 2004 and December 2010 for attempted suicide. A Cox model was used to evaluate the association between sociodemographic variables and the general mortality risk. Results: We identified 505 cases of attempted suicide, which were more frequent for female subjects, over the weekend, and at night (8:00 p.m.\/8:00 a.m.). The most used suicide methods were psychotropic drugs, sharp or blunt objects, and jumping from high places. In this cohort, 3.6% of subjects completed suicide (4.5% of males vs. 2.9% of females), 2.3% within 1 year of the start of follow-up. The most common causes of death were drug use and hanging. In the multivariate analysis, those who used illicit drugs 24 hr prior to admission to the ED (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.46, 95% CI = 1.23\u20139.73) and patients who refused the treatment (HR = 6.74, 95% CI = 1.86\u201324.40) showed an increased mortality risk for suicide. Conclusion: Deliberate self-harm patients presenting to the ED who refuse treatment represent a specific target group for setting up dedicated prevention schemes. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,22]],"date-time":"2014-11-22T05:09:19Z","timestamp":1416632959000},"page":"406-414","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Emergency Department Admission and Mortality Rate for Suicidal Behavior"],"prefix":"10.1027","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Raimondo Maria","family":"Pavarin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Local Health Trust of Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Fioritti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Local Health Trust of Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Fontana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychiatry, University of Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Marani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Local Health Trust of Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Paparelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosis, King\u2019s College London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Boncompagni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Local Health Trust of Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"101","reference":[{"key":"c1","volume-title":"Resource sheet #2: The language of suicide. Core competencies for the assessment and management of individuals at risk for suicide","author":"American Association of Suicidology\/Suicide Prevention Resource Center (AAS\/SPRC)","year":"2006"},{"key":"c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/j.1440-1614.2006.01909.x"},{"key":"c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2005.08.011"},{"key":"c4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.077651"},{"key":"c5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61141-6"},{"key":"c6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291705005404"},{"key":"c7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.10.022"},{"key":"c8","volume-title":"Statistical models in epidemiology","author":"Clayton D.","year":"1990"},{"key":"c9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2006.tb00322.x"},{"key":"c10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2005.02.001"},{"key":"c11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/0227-5910.30.3.115"},{"key":"c12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2005.04.018"},{"key":"c13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291705005416"},{"key":"c14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.171.6.556"},{"key":"c15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.182.6.537"},{"key":"c16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(00)00225-7"},{"key":"c17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2008.5.1.28"},{"key":"c18","unstructured":"ISTAT . (2012a).\nI suicidi in Italia [Suicides in\nItaly]. Retrieved from www.istat.it\/"},{"key":"c19","unstructured":"ISTAT . (2012b).\nSuicidi e tentativi di suicidio [Suicides\nand suicide attempts]. Retrieved from www.istat.it\/it\/archivio\/suicidi"},{"key":"c20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/0227-5910.29.2.73"},{"key":"c21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.149.1.41"},{"key":"c22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1566-2772(01)00032-9"},{"key":"c23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEJ.0b013e3282f4d12a"},{"key":"c24","unstructured":"OAS . (2006).\nThe OAS report: Suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, major depressive\nepisode, and substance use among adults, 34. Retrieved\nfrom www.oas.samhsa.gov"},{"key":"c25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1943-278X.1996.tb00609.x","volume":"26","author":"O\u2019Carroll P. 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A systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force","author":"O\u2019Connor E.","year":"2013"},{"key":"c27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.108"},{"key":"c28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.181.3.193"},{"key":"c29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.187.5.470"},{"key":"c30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEJ.0b013e3283440f25"},{"issue":"5","key":"c31","first-page":"353","volume":"101","author":"Pompili M.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Minerva Medica"},{"key":"c32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00063110-200508000-00005"},{"key":"c33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03161034"},{"key":"c34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1999.9422095.x"},{"issue":"8","key":"c35","first-page":"1","volume":"6","author":"Russinoff I.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emergency Medicine Practice"},{"key":"c36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/suli.2006.36.5.519"},{"key":"c37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.05.027"},{"key":"c38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2010.04.005"},{"key":"c39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-004-0796-7"},{"key":"c40","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,\nSubstance Abuse and Mental Health Services, Administration Center for\nBehavioral Health Statistics and Quality .\n(2008). Drug Abuse Warning Network report. Drug-related\nsuicide attempts: ED visits involving drug-related suicide attempts.\nRetrieved from www.dawninfo.samhsa.gov\/"},{"key":"c41","unstructured":"World Health Organization .\n(2013). Mortality and global health estimates: cause\nspecific of mortality. Estimates for 2000\u20132011.\nRetrieved from apps.who.int"},{"key":"c42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199412000-00013"},{"key":"c43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.185.1.70"}],"container-title":["Crisis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/econtent.hogrefe.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000282","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]],"date-time":"2021-03-17T06:45:17Z","timestamp":1615963517000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/econtent.hogrefe.com\/doi\/10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000282"}},"subtitle":["A Follow-Up Study on Attempted Suicides Referred to the ED Between January 2004 and December 2010"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000282"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000282","relation":{},"ISSN":["0227-5910","2151-2396"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0227-5910","type":"print"},{"value":"2151-2396","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]]}}}