{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T10:19:08Z","timestamp":1775729948960,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Hogrefe Publishing Group","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychological Test Adaptation and Development"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Abstract: Cross-cultural comparisons are often based on a single itemset that is used in several cultures and languages being translated semantically correct. In contrast, a new, emic, approach measures the same construct with individually created items for each culture and language. To test this emic approach, the current paper used the stereotype content model (SCM) with its dimensions, warmth, and competence. It is used to compare perceptions of people, residing in different countries, speaking different languages. The current paper reports a study ( N = 2,901) that tests whether an adapted scale allows reliable and structurally valid measurement and comparisons of culturally emic protagonists on SCM dimensions across four languages (English, German, Portuguese, Spanish) in eight countries (United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Switzerland, Portugal, Brazil, Spain, Argentina). The warmth dimension emerges as largely universal, but the competence dimension is a more culture-specific construct. Cross-cultural comparisons as to the competence dimension should be treated with care. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1027\/2698-1866\/a000067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,23]],"date-time":"2023-12-23T08:02:07Z","timestamp":1703318527000},"page":"350-362","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparing Social Perceptions of Culturally Emic Protagonists Using the Stereotype Content Model"],"prefix":"10.1027","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6099-5810","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Moritz","family":"Schemmerling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fakult\u00e4t Psychologie, FernUniversit\u00e4t in Hagen, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5897-8226","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria-Therese","family":"Friehs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fakult\u00e4t Psychologie, FernUniversit\u00e4t in Hagen, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5193-3359","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Patrick F.","family":"Kotzur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Durham University, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9477-1417","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Franco","family":"Bastias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cluster of Excellence \u201cThe Politics of Inequality\u201d, Universit\u00e4t Konstanz, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8062-7422","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jonas","family":"De Keersmaecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of People Management and Organization, Ramon Llull University, Esade, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5785-3026","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Francisco G.","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Work Psychology, University of Brasilia, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0112-880X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Felix","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ci\u00eancias da Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, University of Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research on Management and Information Technologies (REMIT), Universidade Portucalense, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1009-9238","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Pietraszkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6018-9245","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Katharina","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of People Management and Organization, Ramon Llull University, Esade, Spain"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Sczesny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3727-7391","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Claudio","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Work Psychology, University of Brasilia, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5435-4037","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Klaus","family":"Boehnke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bremen International Graduate School of Social Sciences (BIGSSS), Constructor University, Bremen, Germany"}]}],"member":"101","reference":[{"key":"c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsp.574"},{"key":"c35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.01810"},{"key":"c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/rev0000262"},{"key":"c36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/irsp.686"},{"key":"c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0001080"},{"key":"c4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022022114547571"},{"key":"c5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022022117749042"},{"key":"c6","volume-title":"Research design and methods: A process approach","author":"Bordens K.","year":"2010"},{"key":"c7","volume-title":"Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research","author":"Brown T. 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