{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T22:10:58Z","timestamp":1747174258306,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Hogrefe Publishing Group","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychological Test Adaptation and Development"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Abstract: The bilingual samples\u2019 studies are listed as a useful tool to confirm the equivalence between linguistically different versions of a test. Yet, such studies are rare in the literature, as they require technical issues to be considered before any conclusion about equivalence can be reached. This paper discusses some of these issues, taking the example of the recent MMPI-2-RF Portuguese adaptation and standardization study. The results of a bilingual study ( N = 53) using a single-sample design are analyzed, at item, scale, profile, and structural levels, allowing an encouraging general conclusion about the equivalence of the Portuguese MMPI-2-RF to the North American original version, but also pointing out some directions for improvement. The shortcomings of the classical bilingual studies, and the specific limitations due to the obstacles to bilingual samples\u2019 recruitment in Portugal, are considered. The limited sample size and some other methodological shortcomings are discussed, considering their implications for future Portuguese MMPI equivalence studies. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1027\/2698-1866\/a000075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T12:09:33Z","timestamp":1713960573000},"page":"139-150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Bilingual Study Methodology in Translating and Adapting Personality Tests"],"prefix":"10.1027","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5555-5677","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Afonso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4670-6987","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rosa","family":"Novo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center for Psychological Science, University of Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0767-445X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cristina","family":"Camilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iscte \u2010 Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa, CIS\u2010Iscte, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"CIS-Iscte, Center for Psychological Research and Social Intervention, University of Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5142-256X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"B\u00e1rbara","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Psychological Science, University of Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Lusofona University, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"HEI\u2010Lab: Digital Human\u2013Environment Interaction Labs, Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"101","reference":[{"volume-title":"MMPI-2-RF (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form): Manual for administration, scoring, and interpretation","year":"2008","author":"Ben-Porath Y. 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