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Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The GPS\u2010derived velocity field (1988\u20132005) for the zone of interaction of the Arabian, African (Nubian, Somalian), and Eurasian plates indicates counterclockwise rotation of a broad area of the Earth's surface including the Arabian plate, adjacent parts of the Zagros and central Iran, Turkey, and the Aegean\/Peloponnesus relative to Eurasia at rates in the range of 20\u201330 mm\/yr. This relatively rapid motion occurs within the framework of the slow\u2010moving (\u223c5 mm\/yr relative motions) Eurasian, Nubian, and Somalian plates. The circulatory pattern of motion increases in rate toward the Hellenic trench system. We develop an elastic block model to constrain present\u2010day plate motions (relative Euler vectors), regional deformation within the interplate zone, and slip rates for major faults. Substantial areas of continental lithosphere within the region of plate interaction show coherent motion with internal deformations below \u223c1\u20132 mm\/yr, including central and eastern Anatolia (Turkey), the southwestern Aegean\/Peloponnesus, the Lesser Caucasus, and Central Iran. Geodetic slip rates for major block\u2010bounding structures are mostly comparable to geologic rates estimated for the most recent geological period (\u223c3\u20135 Myr). We find that the convergence of Arabia with Eurasia is accommodated in large part by lateral transport within the interior part of the collision zone and lithospheric shortening along the Caucasus and Zagros mountain belts around the periphery of the collision zone. In addition, we find that the principal boundary between the westerly moving Anatolian plate and Arabia (East Anatolian fault) is presently characterized by pure left\u2010lateral strike slip with no fault\u2010normal convergence. This implies that \u201cextrusion\u201d is not presently inducing westward motion of Anatolia. On the basis of the observed kinematics, we hypothesize that deformation in the Africa\u2010Arabia\u2010Eurasia collision zone is driven in large part by rollback of the subducting African lithosphere beneath the Hellenic and Cyprus trenches aided by slab pull on the southeastern side of the subducting Arabian plate along the Makran subduction zone. We further suggest that the separation of Arabia from Africa is a response to plate motions induced by active subduction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2005jb004051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,31]],"date-time":"2006-05-31T06:46:11Z","timestamp":1149057971000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1707,"title":["GPS constraints on continental deformation in the Africa\u2010Arabia\u2010Eurasia continental collision zone and implications for the dynamics of plate interactions"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Reilinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"McClusky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology  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