{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T03:50:36Z","timestamp":1781841036940,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","issue":"G1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,12]],"date-time":"2008-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1205280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Geophys. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The Community Land Model version 3 (CLM3) is the land component of the Community Climate System Model (CCSM). CLM3 has energy and water biases resulting from deficiencies in some of its canopy and soil parameterizations related to hydrological processes. Recent research by the community that utilizes CLM3 and the family of CCSM models has indicated several promising approaches to alleviating these biases. This paper describes the implementation of a selected set of these parameterizations and their effects on the simulated hydrological cycle. The modifications consist of surface data sets based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer products, new parameterizations for canopy integration, canopy interception, frozen soil, soil water availability, and soil evaporation, a TOPMODEL\u2010based model for surface and subsurface runoff, a groundwater model for determining water table depth, and the introduction of a factor to simulate nitrogen limitation on plant productivity. The results from a set of offline simulations were compared with observed data for runoff, river discharge, soil moisture, and total water storage to assess the performance of the new model (referred to as CLM3.5). CLM3.5 exhibits significant improvements in its partitioning of global evapotranspiration (ET) which result in wetter soils, less plant water stress, increased transpiration and photosynthesis, and an improved annual cycle of total water storage. Phase and amplitude of the runoff annual cycle is generally improved. Dramatic improvements in vegetation biogeography result when CLM3.5 is coupled to a dynamic global vegetation model. Lower than observed soil moisture variability in the rooting zone is noted as a remaining deficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2007jg000563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,11]],"date-time":"2008-03-11T21:07:56Z","timestamp":1205269676000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":657,"title":["Improvements to the Community Land Model and their impact on the hydrological cycle"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"K. W.","family":"Oleson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate and Global Dynamics Division National Center for Atmospheric Research  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.\u2010Y.","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geological Sciences University of Texas at Austin  Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.\u2010L.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geological Sciences University of Texas at Austin  Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. M.","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate and Global Dynamics Division National Center for Atmospheric Research  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. E.","family":"Thornton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate and Global Dynamics Division National Center for Atmospheric Research  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. J.","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"St\u00f6ckli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"},{"name":"Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences ETH Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"NASA Earth Observatory Goddard Space Flight Center  Greenbelt Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. E.","family":"Dickinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. B.","family":"Bonan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate and Global Dynamics Division National Center for Atmospheric Research  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Levis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate and Global Dynamics Division National Center for Atmospheric Research  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate and Global Dynamics Division National Center for Atmospheric Research  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate and Global Dynamics Division National Center for Atmospheric Research  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0477(2001)082<2415:FANTTS>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02626667909491834"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/JCLI3741.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2000GB001360"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0442(2004)017<0187:TRLSSI>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","volume-title":"Evaporation Into the Atmosphere","author":"Brutsaert W.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2005GL022964"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1694(97)00149-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/WR014i004p00601"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/JCLI3761.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/WR020i006p00682"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1525-7541(2002)003<0660:EOFDFC>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/JHM-386.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00382-006-0216-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2005GL024914"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","unstructured":"Dickinson R. E. A.Henderson\u2010Sellers andP. J.Kennedy(1993) Biosphere\u2010Atmosphere Transfer Scheme (BATS) version 1e as coupled to the NCAR Community Climate Model NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\/TN\u2010387+STR Natl. Cent. for Atmos. Res. Boulder Colo."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/JCLI3742.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/BAMS-87-10-1381"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0442(1989)002<0816:LSHPFA>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2151\/jmsj1965.77.1B_183"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","unstructured":"Fekete B. M. C. J.V\u00f6r\u00f6smarty andW.Grabs(2000) Global composite runoff fields based on observed river discharge and simulated water balances (version 1.0). (Available athttp:\/\/www.grdc.sr.unh.edu)."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/1999GB001254"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00704-004-0046-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2007GL029804"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2006JD007233"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/JCLI3755.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0442(1994)007<0822:ASMCOI>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/JCLI4184.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0450(1990)029<0385:APOEFB>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/JHM596.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2006JG000168"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0450(1992)031<0480:ETSSSH>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","unstructured":"Levis S. G. B.Bonan M.Vertenstein andK. W.Oleson(2004) The Community Land Model's Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (CLM\u2010DGVM): Technical description and user's guide 50 pp. NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\/TN\u2010459+IA Natl. Cent. for Atmos. Res. Boulder Colo."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2001JD000623"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1694(00)00301-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2151\/jmsj1965.70.6_1071"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1694(70)90255-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2001JD000360"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/JHM538.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2005JD006111"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2006JD007522"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_43_1","unstructured":"Oleson K. W. et al. (2004) Technical description of the Community Land Model (CLM) NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\/TN\u2010461+STR 173 pp. Natl. Cent. for Atmos. Res. Boulder Colo."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0469(1957)014<0354:EAMAHF>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/JHM540.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0477(2000)081<1281:TGSMDB>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/92JD01096"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00190-004-0410-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1988.0024"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2007JG000562"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2000JD900719"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/JCLI4222.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2006GB002868"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_54_1","volume-title":"Amazonian Deforestation and Climate","author":"Ubarana V. N.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0442(1991)004<0066:SMEDAM>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0450(1987)026<0018:CTRBEA>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1087-3562(2000)004<0003:PASAOT>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07055900.2000.9649638"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/95JD01076"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2006GL026340"}],"container-title":["Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1029%2F2007JG000563","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1029\/2007JG000563","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T02:03:07Z","timestamp":1697162587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1029\/2007JG000563"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"G1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1029\/2007JG000563"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2007jg000563","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-0227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-0227","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"article-number":"2007JG000563"}}