{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T02:44:00Z","timestamp":1783824240742,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["GeoHealth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Wastewater monitoring for virus infections within communities can complement conventional clinical surveillance. Currently, most SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) clinical testing is voluntary and inconsistently available, except for a few occupational and educational settings, and therefore likely underrepresents actual population prevalence. Randomized testing on a regular basis to estimate accurate population\u2010level infection rates is prohibitively costly and is hampered by a range of limitations and barriers associated with participation in clinical research. In comparison, community\u2010level fecal monitoring can be performed through wastewater surveillance to effectively surveil communities. However, epidemiologically defined protocols for wastewater sample site selection are lacking. Herein, we describe methods for developing a geographically resolved population\u2010level wastewater sampling approach in Jefferson County, Kentucky, and present preliminary results. Utilizing this site selection protocol, samples (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0237) were collected from 17 wastewater catchment areas, September 8 to October 30, 2020 from one to four times per week in each area and compared to concurrent clinical data aggregated to wastewater catchment areas and county level. SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 RNA was consistently present in wastewater during the studied period, and varied by area. Data obtained using the site selection protocol showed variation in geographically resolved wastewater SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 RNA concentration compared to clinical rates. These findings highlight the importance of neighborhood\u2010equivalent spatial scales and provide a promising approach for viral epidemic surveillance, thus better guiding spatially targeted public health mitigation strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2021gh000420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T01:09:53Z","timestamp":1623719393000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Wastewater Sample Site Selection to Estimate Geographically Resolved Community Prevalence of COVID\u201019: A Sampling Protocol Perspective"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Yeager","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Christina Lee Brown Enviroment Institute University of Louisville  Louisville KY USA"},{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences School of Public Health and Information Sciences University of Louisville  Louisville KY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. H.","family":"Holm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Christina Lee Brown Enviroment Institute University of Louisville  Louisville KY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Saurabh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"James Graham Brown Cancer Center School of Medicine University of Louisville  Louisville KY USA"},{"name":"Department of Oncology St. Jude Children's Research Hospital  Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. L.","family":"Fuqua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Predictive Medicine University of Louisville  Louisville KY USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville  Louisville KY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Talley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Morris Forman Water Quality Treatment Center  Louisville KY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Bhatnagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Christina Lee Brown Enviroment Institute University of Louisville  Louisville KY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2804-4294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Christina Lee Brown Enviroment Institute University of Louisville  Louisville KY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.138764"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es305181x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.115246"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c02388"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.10.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","volume-title":"Guidelines on environmental surveillance for detection of polioviruses. 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