{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:26:55Z","timestamp":1790141215746,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["GeoHealth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diarrheal disease, still a major cause of childhood illness, is caused by numerous, diverse infectious microorganisms, which are differentially sensitive to environmental conditions. Enteropathogen\u2010specific impacts of climate remain underexplored. Results from 15 studies that diagnosed enteropathogens in 64,788 stool samples from 20,760 children in 19 countries were combined. Infection status for 10 common enteropathogens\u2014adenovirus, astrovirus, norovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>, ETEC, <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic>\u2014was matched by date with hydrometeorological variables from a global Earth observation dataset\u2014precipitation and runoff volume, humidity, soil moisture, solar radiation, air pressure, temperature, and wind speed. Models were fitted for each pathogen, accounting for lags, nonlinearity, confounders, and threshold effects. Different variables showed complex, non\u2010linear associations with infection risk varying in magnitude and direction depending on pathogen species. Rotavirus infection decreased markedly following increasing 7\u2010day average temperatures\u2014a relative risk of 0.76 (95% confidence interval: 0.69\u20130.85) above 28\u00b0C\u2014while ETEC risk increased by almost half, 1.43 (1.36\u20131.50), in the 20\u201335\u00b0C range. Risk for all pathogens was highest following soil moistures in the upper range. Humidity was associated with increases in bacterial infections and decreases in most viral infections. Several virus species' risk increased following lower\u2010than\u2010average rainfall, while rotavirus and ETEC increased with heavier runoff. Temperature, soil moisture, and humidity are particularly influential parameters across all enteropathogens, likely impacting pathogen survival outside the host. Precipitation and runoff have divergent associations with different enteric viruses. These effects may engender shifts in the relative burden of diarrhea\u2010causing agents as the global climate changes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2021gh000452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]],"date-time":"2021-12-18T04:17:10Z","timestamp":1639801030000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Associations Between Eight Earth Observation\u2010Derived Climate Variables and Enteropathogen Infection: An Independent Participant Data Meta\u2010Analysis of Surveillance Studies With Broad Spectrum Nucleic Acid Diagnostics"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4567-5813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josh M.","family":"Colston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health University of Virginia School of Medicine  Charlottesville VA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0698-0658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin F.","family":"Zaitchik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Johns Hopkins Krieger School of Arts and Sciences  Baltimore MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9808-2344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamada S.","family":"Badr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Johns Hopkins Krieger School of Arts and Sciences  Baltimore MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleanor","family":"Burnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Diseases US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Asad","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Aga Khan University  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajit","family":"Rayamajhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics National Academy of Medical Sciences Kanti Children's Hospital  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed M.","family":"Satter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Programme for Emerging Infections International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B)  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Eibach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM)  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3053-476X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ralf","family":"Krumkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM)  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM)  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roma","family":"Chilengi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia  Lusaka Zambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leigh M.","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville TN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samba O.","family":"Sow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre pour le D\u00e9veloppement des Vaccins, Mali  Bamako Mali"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Jahangir Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine  Banjul The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debasish","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Health Economics GSK Vaccine  Wavre Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2378-4720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Imran Nisar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health The Aga Khan University  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita K. M.","family":"Zaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health The Aga Khan University  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suman","family":"Kanungo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00e1cio","family":"Mandomando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a  Manhi\u00e7a Mozambique"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abu S. G.","family":"Faruque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nutrition &amp; Food Security International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B)  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen L.","family":"Kotloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Maryland School of Medicine  Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myron M.","family":"Levine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health University of Maryland School of Medicine  Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert F.","family":"Breiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health Rollins School of Public Health Emory University  Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Omore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute Center for Global Health Research  Kisumu Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5845-4417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Enteric Diseases National Institute for Communicable Diseases  Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Platts\u2010Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health University of Virginia School of Medicine  Charlottesville VA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulla","family":"Ashorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research Tampere University  Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue\u2010Mei","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research Tampere University  Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prakash Sunder","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Health Institute of Medicine of Tribhuvan University  Kirtipur Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahmeed","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutrition and Clinical Services International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B)  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Estomih","family":"Mduma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haydom Global Health Institute  Haydom Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo Penatero","family":"Yori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health University of Virginia School of Medicine  Charlottesville VA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zulfiqar","family":"Bhutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Aga Khan University  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Bessong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV\/AIDS &amp; Global Health Research Programme University of Venda  Thohoyandou South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maribel P.","family":"Olortegui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asociacion Benefica PRISMA  Iquitos Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aldo A. M.","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Cear\u00e1  Fortaleza Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gagandeep","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences Christian Medical College  Vellore India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Humphrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Prendergast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Genomics and Child Health Blizard Institute Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Ntozini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research  Harare Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1225-7933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuhisa","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Microbial Diseases Osaka University  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warawan","family":"Wongboot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences National Institute of Health  Nonthaburi Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Gaensbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Colorado School of Public Health Center for Global Health  Aurora CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario T.","family":"Melgar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Diseases Hospital Roosevelt  Guatemala City Guatemala"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7688-9059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuula","family":"Pelkonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital Helsinki University Central Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cesar Mavacala","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Pedi\u00e1trico David Bernardino  Luanda Angola"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret N.","family":"Kosek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health and Public Health Sciences University of Virginia School of Medicine  Charlottesville VA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.60.10.3704-3710.1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Meteorology today: An introduction to weather, climate, and the environment","author":"Ahrens C. D.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2020.113517"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16224309"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0473"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.114.207225"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","volume-title":"Understanding natural ventilation","author":"Atkinson J.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62630-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","unstructured":"Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. (2012). Improved biomarkers for the assessment of environmental enteropathy. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/gcgh.grandchallenges.org\/grant\/improved-biomarkers-assessment-environmental-enteropathy"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054445"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0639"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-018-1385-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz621"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv296"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268819001651"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268814000843"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16234745"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007211"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-017-0630-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-019-0550-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2017.100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21767\/2573-0282.100064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","first-page":"1029","volume-title":"Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change","author":"Collins M.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17020487"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","volume-title":"Seasonality and hydrometeorological predictors of rotavirus infection in an eight\u2010site birth cohort study: Implications for modeling and predicting pathogen\u2010specific enteric disease burden","author":"Colston J. M.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268818000304"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.02.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17218078"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","first-page":"S2542","article-title":"Use of Earth observation\u2010derived hydrometeorological variables to model and predict rotavirus infection (MAL\u2010ED): A multisite cohort study","volume":"3","author":"Colston J. M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Lancet Planetary Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b05797"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200010001-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2011.00349.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3840-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sste.2018.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1481-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","unstructured":"ESRI. (2019). Environmental Systems Research Institute. ArcGIS desktop: Release 10.8."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56207-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/493960"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02336"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0962"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0198"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c05060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.13106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2015.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.48508"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2017GH000101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268807009776"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-014-2106-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15040709"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00484-009-0294-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30374-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.40.6.1067-1079.1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/m85-129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos10090522"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","volume-title":"A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change","author":"Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","volume-title":"Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change","author":"Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0038168"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000000448"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kotloff K. L. Blackwelder W. C. Nasrin D. Nataro J. P. Farag T. H. vanEijk A. et\u00a0al. (2012).The Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) of diarrheal disease in infants and young children in developing countries: Epidemiologic and clinical methods of the case\/control study.55(4) S232\u2013S245.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/cis753","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis753"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60844-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP6181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-08057-4_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(21)00051-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP4621"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-446"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00535-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/13.4.688"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyn260"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b06186"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwz010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007154"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158199"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02257-15"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S193","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu653","article-title":"The MAL\u2010ED study: A multinational and multidisciplinary approach to understand the relationship between enteric pathogens, malnutrition, gut physiology, physical growth, cognitive development, and immune responses in infants and children up to 2 years of age in resource\u2010poor environments","volume":"59","author":"MAL\u2010ED Network Investigators","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007327"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1528"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","volume-title":"Medical microbiology","author":"Murray P. R.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","unstructured":"NASA. (2021). Earth Data. Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC). Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/disc.gsfc.nasa.gov\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advwatres.2016.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-60711-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP4731"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix294"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.10.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.08.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001781"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17966-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix494"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30349-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_1","unstructured":"R Core Team. (2020). R Foundation for Statistical Computing (Version 4.0.3)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30114-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/BAMS-85-3-381"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32203-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X0700700103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsre.2004.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-0810"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.74.1067"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00115-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_104_1","unstructured":"StataCorp. (2019). StataCorp LLC. Stata statistical software: Release 16."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-1317"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_106_1","first-page":"1927","article-title":"Backyard poultry raising in Bangladesh: A valued resource for the villagers and a setting for zoonotic transmission of avian influenza. A qualitative study","volume":"12","author":"Sultana R.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rural and Remote Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3707-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199710000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16132321"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_110_1","unstructured":"VEuPathDB. (2021). Online data repository. Clinical epidemiology resources. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/clinepidb.org\/ce\/app"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22551-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.06.189"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2611-6"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_114_1","first-page":"349","article-title":"Airborne Campylobacter infection in a poultry worker: Case report and review of the literature","volume":"7","author":"Wilson I. G.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Communicable Disease and Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_115_1","volume-title":"Infection prevention and control of epidemic\u2010and pandemic\u2010prone acute respiratory infections in health care WHO guidelines","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_116_1","volume-title":"Quantitative risk assessment of the effects of climate change on selected causes of death, 2030s and 2050s","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh090"}],"container-title":["GeoHealth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1029\/2021GH000452","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1029\/2021GH000452","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1029\/2021GH000452","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T10:03:16Z","timestamp":1693216996000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1029\/2021GH000452"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":116,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1029\/2021GH000452"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2021gh000452","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2471-1403","2471-1403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2471-1403","type":"print"},{"value":"2471-1403","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-05-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-11-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2021GH000452"}}