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The objectives included identifying and quantifying wildfire composition, smoke evolution, and climate and health impacts of wildfires and agricultural fires in the United States. Ground based mobile sampling via sorbent tubes occurred at the Nethker and Williams Flats fires (2019) and Chief Timothy and Whitetail Loop fires (2020) in Idaho and Washington. Air samples were analyzed through thermal desorption\u2010gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry for a variety of volatile organic compounds to elucidate both composition and health impacts. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, butenes, phenol, isoprene and pinenes were observed in the wildfire smoke, with benzene ranging from 0.04 to 25 ppbv. Health risk was assessed for each fire by determining sub\u2010chronic (wildfire event) and projected chronic inhalation risk exposure from benzene, a carcinogen, as well as other non\u2010carcinogenic compounds including toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, and hexane. The cancer risk of benzene from sub\u2010chronic exposure was 1 extra cancer per million people and ranged from 1 to 19 extra cancers per million people for the projected chronic scenarios, compared to a background level of 1 extra cancer per million people. The hazard index of non\u2010carcinogenic compounds was less than one for all scenarios and wildfires sampled, which was considered low risk for non\u2010cancer health events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2021gh000546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,19]],"date-time":"2022-06-19T02:59:11Z","timestamp":1655607551000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Health Risk Implications of Volatile Organic Compounds in Wildfire Smoke During the 2019 FIREX\u2010AQ Campaign and Beyond"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Gabrielle N.","family":"Dickinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis\u2010Clark State College  Lewiston ID USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan D.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis\u2010Clark State College  Lewiston ID USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7996-5758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aakriti","family":"Bajracharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis\u2010Clark State College  Lewiston ID USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Bruchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis\u2010Clark State College  Lewiston ID USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timbre A.","family":"Durbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis\u2010Clark State College  Lewiston ID USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John K. 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