{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:39:25Z","timestamp":1792082365240,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662508800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JGR Planets"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We present inversions for the structure of Mars using the first Martian seismic record collected by the InSight lander. We identified and used arrival times of direct, multiples, and depth phases of body waves, for 17 marsquakes to constrain the quake locations and the one\u2010dimensional average interior structure of Mars. We found the marsquake hypocenters to be shallower than 40\u00a0km depth, most of them being located in the Cerberus Fossae graben system, which could be a source of marsquakes. Our results show a significant velocity jump between the upper and the lower part of the crust, interpreted as the transition between intrusive and extrusive rocks. The lower crust makes up a significant fraction of the crust, with seismic velocities compatible with those of mafic to ultramafic rocks. Additional constraints on the crustal thickness from previous seismic analyses, combined with modeling relying on gravity and topography measurements, yield constraints on the present\u2010day thermochemical state of Mars and on its long\u2010term history. Our most constrained inversion results indicate a present\u2010day surface heat flux of 22\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01\u00a0mW\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , a relatively hot mantle (potential temperature: 1740\u00a0\u00b1\u00a090\u00a0K) and a thick lithosphere (540\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0120\u00a0km), associated with a lithospheric thermal gradient of 1.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3\u00a0K\/km. These results are compatible with recent seismic studies using a reduced data set and different inversion approaches, confirming that Mars' potential mantle temperature was initially relatively cold (1780\u00a0\u00b1\u00a050\u00a0K) compared to that of its present\u2010day state, and that its crust contains 10\u201312 times more heat\u2010producing elements than the primitive mantle.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2021je007067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T10:47:01Z","timestamp":1662547621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Marsquake Locations and 1\u2010D Seismic Models for Mars From InSight Data"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"127","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5625-9706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e9lanie","family":"Drilleau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Sup\u00e9rieur de l\u2019A\u00e9ronautique et de l\u2019Espace ISAE\u2010SUPAERO  Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3740-9235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henri","family":"Samuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris CNRS Universit\u00e9 de Paris  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1460-6663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rapha\u00ebl F.","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Sup\u00e9rieur de l\u2019A\u00e9ronautique et de l\u2019Espace ISAE\u2010SUPAERO  Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8626-9283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Attilio","family":"Rivoldini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Observatory of Belgium  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7200-5682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e9ment","family":"Perrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantes Universit\u00e9 Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Angers Le Mans Universit\u00e9 CNRS UMR 6112 Laboratoire de Plan\u00e9tologie et G\u00e9osciences UAR 3281 Observatoire des Sciences de l\u2019Univers de Nantes Atlantique  Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2578-0117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chlo\u00e9","family":"Michaut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lyon Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure de Lyon Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS Laboratoire de G\u00e9ologie de Lyon : Terre Plan\u00e8tes Environnement  Villeurbanne France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7007-4222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Wieczorek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur Observatoire de la C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur CNRS Laboratoire Lagrange  Nice France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9589-4304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beno\u00eet","family":"Tauzin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lyon Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure de Lyon Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS Laboratoire de G\u00e9ologie de Lyon : Terre Plan\u00e8tes Environnement  Villeurbanne France"},{"name":"Research School of Earth Sciences The Australian National University  Canberra ACT Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5060-4281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James A. 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