{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T04:06:10Z","timestamp":1789790770673,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP21J22912"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21J22912"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014423","name":"Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMEERF20215003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMEERF20215003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["GeoHealth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The impacts of renewable energy shifting, passenger car electrification, and lightweighting through 2050 on the atmospheric concentrations of PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    total mass and oxidative stress\u2010inducing metals (PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010Fe, Cu, and Zn) in Japan were evaluated using a regional meteorology\u2013chemistry model. The surface concentrations of PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    total mass, Fe, Cu, and Zn in the urban area decreased by 8%, 13%, 18%, and 5%, respectively. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) have been considered to have no advantage in terms of non\u2010exhaust PM emissions by previous studies. This is because the disadvantages (heavier weight increases tire wear, road wear, and resuspention) offset the advantages (regenerative braking system (RBS) reduces brake wear). However, the future lightweighting of drive battery and body frame were estimated to reduce all non\u2010exhaust PM. Passenger car electrification only reduced PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    concentration by 2%. However, Fe and Cu concentrations were more reduced (\u22128% and \u221213%, respectively) because they have high brake wear\u2010derived and significantly reflects the benefits of BEV's RBS. The water\u2010soluble fraction concentration of metals (induces oxidative stress in the body) was estimated based on aerosol acidity. The reduction of SO\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    , NO\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and NH\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    emissions from on\u2010road and thermal power plants slightly changed the aerosol acidity (pH\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2). However, it had a negligible effect on water\u2010soluble metal concentrations (maximum +2% for Fe and +0.5% for Cu and Zn). Therefore, the metal emissions reduction was more important than gaseous pollutants in decreasing the water\u2010soluble metals that induces respiratory oxidative stress and passenger car electrification and lightweighting were effective means of achieving this.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2023gh000789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T11:25:40Z","timestamp":1697196340000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Potential Impacts of Energy and Vehicle Transformation Through 2050 on Oxidative Stress\u2010Inducing PM\n                    <sub>2.5<\/sub>\n                    Metals Concentration in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8448-1053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoko","family":"Kayaba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba  Tsukuba Japan"},{"name":"Meteorological Research Institute Japan Meteorological Agency  Tsukuba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3988-0565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mizuo","family":"Kajino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meteorological Research Institute Japan Meteorological Agency  Tsukuba Japan"},{"name":"Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba  Tsukuba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.2000.8955"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2017.10.169"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.03.338"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-22-6045-2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_6_1","volume-title":"Briefing paper on non\u2010exhaust particulate emissions from road transport","author":"Barlow T.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b03430"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2020.117886"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2004.12.073"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_10_1","unstructured":"Cabinet Office of Japan. (2021).Green growth strategy for carbon neutrality in 2050 (draft). Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.cas.go.jp\/jp\/seisaku\/seicho\/seichosenryakukaigi\/dai11\/siryou2-2.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es9700257"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_12_1","unstructured":"Center for Ocean\u2010Land\u2010Atmosphere Studies. (2023).Grid analysis and display system (GrADS) version 2.0[Software]. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/cola.gmu.edu\/grads\/grads.php"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_13_1","unstructured":"Central Environment Council Ministry of Environment. (2022).Future measures to reduce vehicle emissions(Fourteenth Report). Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.env.go.jp\/content\/900400276.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_14_1","unstructured":"Central Environment Council Ministry of Environment. (2003).Future measures to reduce vehicle emissions(Seventh Report). Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.env.go.jp\/council\/toshin\/t07-h1502\/t07-h1502_1.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2010.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-12-9321-2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es401285s"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2003.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/j100376a038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp973042r"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.97105s51053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10962247.2012.741055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2004.02.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-7939-2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_25_1","unstructured":"European Environment Agency. (2011).Air pollution impacts from carbon capture and storage (CCS).https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2800\/84208"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_26_1","volume-title":"EMEP\/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019: Technical guidance to prepare national emission inventories","author":"European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme\/European Environment Agency","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b06151"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-7-4639-2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-9-2141-2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11298\/taiki.49.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c01072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jgrg.20042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_33_1","unstructured":"Giglio L. Randerson J. T. &Van Der Werf G. R.(2013b).Global fire emissions database version 4[Dataset].https:\/\/www.globalfiredata.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370701858427"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_35_1","volume-title":"Non\u2010exhaust traffic related emissions\u2014Brake and tyre wear PM literature review","author":"Grigoratos T.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-6-3181-2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-5703-2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-12241-2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2016JD025311"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-15-5211-2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_41_1","volume-title":"50th PMP meeting","author":"Hagino H.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11298\/taiki.55.A18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2016.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2011.4123"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11431-010-4256-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2021.118592"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en9020084"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11351\/jsaeronbun.43.1401"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP9984"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2011.09.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2172\/1647165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.5b00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41612-021-00185-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos10100571"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-14-2235-2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2151\/jmsj.2019-020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2020GH000259"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2013.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2006.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kayaba S.(2023a).TMI\u2010Asia v1.1[Dataset].Mendeley Data V1.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17632\/r9c59639pg.1","DOI":"10.17632\/r9c59639pg.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kayaba S.(2023b).TMI\u2010Asia&Japan v1.1_metal contents[Dataset].Mendeley Data V1.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17632\/ygwxphz2p4.1","DOI":"10.17632\/ygwxphz2p4.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2022JD037578"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b04253"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b03192"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_65_1","unstructured":"Kendrick E. &Kulkarni P.(2019).Quantifying the environmental impacts of braking emissions. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/core.ac.uk\/download\/pdf\/224975744.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2009.03.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2151\/jmsj.2015-001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx0100993"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010611-134517"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_70_1","unstructured":"Kurokawa J. &Ohara T.(2020a).Regional emission inventory in ASia (REAS) version 3.2.1[Dataset].https:\/\/www.nies.go.jp\/REAS\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-20-12761-2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-11019-2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32916"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b00711"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.05.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b07478"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es048715f"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2172\/1483998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-9731-2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos12111491"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2003GL018035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_82_1","unstructured":"Meteorological Research Institute. (2022).Application for use of Japan Meteorological Agency's regional\u2010scale meteorology\u2010chemistry model[Software]. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.mri-jma.go.jp\/Dep\/glb\/nhmchem_model\/application_en.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_83_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Land Infrastructure and Transport. (2012).Annual report on fuel consumption of automobiles for FY2012. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.mlit.go.jp\/k-toukei\/22\/errata\/kaitei\/annual\/pdf\/new\/22201200a00000_n.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_84_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Economy. (2023).Results of mass concentration and component measurement of fine particulate matter (PM2.5)[Dataset]. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.env.go.jp\/air\/osen\/pm\/monitoring.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_85_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry. (2019).Energy white paper 2019\u2014HTML version. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.enecho.meti.go.jp\/about\/whitepaper\/2019html\/2-1-4.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_86_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry. (2021).Strategies to achieve carbon neutrality in 2050. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.enecho.meti.go.jp\/committee\/council\/basic_policy_subcommittee\/2021\/043\/043_004.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_87_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Land Infrastructure and Transport. (2010).National road and street traffic conditions survey (road traffic census). Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.mlit.go.jp\/road\/census\/h22-1\/data\/pdf\/syuukei04.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_88_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Land Infrastructure and Transport. (2018).Current status of EV\/PHV penetration. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.mlit.go.jp\/common\/001283224.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2172\/1245199"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_90_1","volume-title":"Light\u2010duty vehicle fuel consumption displacement potential up to 2045","author":"Moawad A.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11298\/taiki.52.A74"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-20-3249-2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C3AY40435H"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b04868"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es300701c"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_96_1","unstructured":"Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. (2020).Non\u2010exhaust particulate emissions from road transport. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.actu-environnement.com\/media\/pdf\/news-36643-rapport-ocde-emissions-hors-echappement.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c00651"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2019.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_99_1","unstructured":"Platform for Electro\u2010mobility. (2016).Briefing: Non\u2010exhaust emissions of electric cars. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.platformelectromobility.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Briefing_Electro-Mobility-Platform-responds-to-studies-on-tyre-emissions-from-EVs.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10473289.2006.10464485"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-357-2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.12.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su12010147"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2019.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo501"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_106_1","unstructured":"Seinfeld J. H. &Pandis S. N.(2016).Atmospheric chemistry and physics: From air pollution to climate change(3rd ed.)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106343"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5572\/ajae.2018.12.2.139"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b04417"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11367-013-0642-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150171"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es025567p"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeaoa.2020.100062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2014.09.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1406853111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2016.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-1761-2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_118_1","unstructured":"U.S. EPA. (2019).Integrated science assessment for particulate matter. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK588509\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10590500802494538"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1352-2310(99)00435-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_121_1","volume-title":"Transport non\u2010exhaust PM\u2010emissions an overview of emission estimates, relevance, trends and policies","author":"Vanherle K.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-12765-2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4010337"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c00483"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.05.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b01272"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2022.119246"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b04261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2015.2405918"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2015JD023531"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2005JD006565"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2467\/mripapers.62.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es001108h"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2004JD004920"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es00016a021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es702137g"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2018JD028998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-8681-2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_10_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Land Infrastructure and Transport Urban Bureau. (2012).Guidelines for the installation of charging facilities in parking lots etc. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.mlit.go.jp\/common\/000212869.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es034145s"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-7423-2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2467\/mripapers.53.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-20-7259-2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-10-3225-2017"}],"container-title":["GeoHealth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1029\/2023GH000789","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]],"date-time":"2024-01-03T07:10:40Z","timestamp":1704265840000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1029\/2023GH000789"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"references-count":143,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1029\/2023GH000789"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2023gh000789","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2471-1403","2471-1403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2471-1403","type":"print"},{"value":"2471-1403","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-01-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2023GH000789"}}