{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T21:22:27Z","timestamp":1787001747079,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82073668"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82073668"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81872708"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81872708"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["GeoHealth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Few studies have explored the effects of fine particulate matter (PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and its constituents on the progression of cerebral blood flow velocity (BFV) and the potential modifying role of greenness. In this study, we investigated the association of PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    and its constituents, including sulfate (SO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>2\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), nitrate (NO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), ammonium (NH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), organic matter (OM), and black carbon (BC), with the progression of BFV in the middle cerebral artery. Participants from the Beijing Health Management Cohort who underwent at least two transcranial Doppler sonography examinations during 2015\u20132020 were recruited. BFV change and BFV change rate were used to define the progression of cerebral BFV. Linear mixed effects models were employed to analyze the data, and the weighted quantile sum regression assessed the contribution of PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    constituents. Additionally, greenness was examined as a modifier. Among the examined constituents, OM exhibited the strongest association with BFV progression. An interquartile range increase in PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    and OM exposure concentrations was associated with a decrease of \u221216.519\u00a0cm\/s (95% CI: \u221217.837, \u221215.201) and \u221215.403\u00a0cm\/s (95% CI: \u221216.681, \u221214.126) in BFV change, and \u221210.369\u00a0cm\/s\/year (95% CI: \u221211.387, \u22129.352) and \u22129.615\u00a0cm\/s\/year (95% CI: \u221210.599, \u22128.632) in BFV change rate, respectively. Furthermore, stronger associations between PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    and BFV progression were observed in individuals working in areas with lower greenness, those aged under 45\u00a0years, and females. In conclusion, reducing PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    levels in the air, particularly the OM constituent, and enhancing greenness could potentially contribute to the protection of cerebrovascular health.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2023gh000796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T07:59:11Z","timestamp":1689148751000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Association Between Long\u2010Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Constituents and Progression of Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in Beijing: Modifying Effect of Greenness"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Zongkai","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ze","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Capital Medical University  Beijing 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