{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T15:46:43Z","timestamp":1782316003806,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,9]],"date-time":"2024-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003306","name":"Resources for the Future","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNX17AD26A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNX17AD26A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014573","name":"Earth Sciences Division","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNX17AD26A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNX17AD26A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014573","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014573","name":"Earth Sciences Division","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["80NSSC22K1044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["80NSSC22K1044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014573","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["GeoHealth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Cholera, an acute waterborne diarrheal disease, remains a major global health challenge. Despite being curable and preventable, it can be fatal if left untreated, especially for children. Bangladesh, a cholera\u2010endemic country with a high disease burden, experiences two peaks annually, during the dry pre\u2010monsoon spring and the wet post\u2010monsoon fall seasons. An early warning system for disseminating cholera risk, which has potential to reduce the disease burden, currently does not exist in Bangladesh. Such systems can raise timely awareness and allow households in rural, riverine areas like Matlab to make behavioral adjustments with water usage and around water resources to reduce contracting and transmitting cholera. Current dissemination approaches typically target local government and public health organizations; however, the vulnerable rural populations largely remain outside the information chain. Here, we develop and evaluate the accuracy of an early warning system\u2014CholeraMap that uses high\u2010resolution earth observations to forecast cholera risk and disseminate geocoded risk maps directly to Matlab's population via a mobile smartphone application. Instead of relying on difficult to obtain station\u2010based environmental and hydroclimatological data, this study offers a new opportunity to use remote sensing data sets for designing and operating a disease early warning system. CholeraMap delivers monthly, color\u2010coded geospatial maps (1\u00a0km\u00a0\u00d7\u00a01\u00a0km spatial resolution) with household and community cholera risk information. Our results demonstrate that the satellite\u2010derived local\u2010scale risk model satisfactorily captured the seasonal cholera pattern for the Matlab region, and a detailed high\u2010resolution picture of the spatial progression of at\u2010risk areas during outbreak months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1029\/2024gh001039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,9]],"date-time":"2024-11-09T13:38:55Z","timestamp":1731159535000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Satellite\u2010Derived, Smartphone\u2010Delivered Geospatial Cholera Risk Information for Vulnerable Populations"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0121-1304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farah","family":"Nusrat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest Climate Adaptation Science Center Utah State University  Logan UT USA"},{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Rhode Island  Kingston RI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2295-6794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali S.","family":"Akanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Rhode Island  Kingston RI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Statistics University of Rhode Island  Kingston RI USA"},{"name":"Foursquare, Inc.  Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business and Economics Moravian University  Bethlehem PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3532-5596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily L.","family":"Pakhtigian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Policy Pennsylvania State University  State College PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pamplin College of Business Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University  Blacksburg VA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1483-5557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Manzoor Ahmed","family":"Hanifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/ijtmgh.2022.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2010WR009914"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214\u2010109X(13)70155\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/blt.11.092189"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12\u20100492"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2009GL039312"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/iee.v1i0.7273"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705599104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353\u20108292(01)00043\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3329\/jhpn.v31i1.14744"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003832"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","volume-title":"Climate change: Bangladesh perspective","author":"Anjumand H.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356\u2010020\u201009992\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224813"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572\u2010018\u20100005\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2014.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/inf.0000000000002648"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2017.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2214\u2010109x(18)30230\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17249378"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476\u2010069x\u20109\u201013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjm\u20102021\u20100142"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos11050449"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","volume-title":"Gridded population of the world, version 4 (GPWv4): Population density, revision 11","author":"CIESIN (Center for International Earth Science Information Network) \u2010 Columbia University","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102334\u20101\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00327795"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0809654105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(09)60935\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","volume-title":"Under the weather: Climate, ecosystems, and infectious disease","author":"Council N. R.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","article-title":"Cholera and climate change: Pursuing public health adaptation strategies in the face of scientific debate","volume":"18","author":"Craig R. K.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Houston Journal of Health Law & Policy"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2020.133"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100870.2005.00104.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2018.03.102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","volume-title":"Environmental cholera transmission triggers in Delta Bengal","author":"Elnemr W. M.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.78.823"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476\u2010069x\u20109\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001145"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1522305113"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines8040606"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002145"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.75.973"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/tellusa.v57i3.14657"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","unstructured":"Haq M. Z. Alam S. Haider M. Rahman M. Mustafa A. H. M. Saha S. K. et\u00a0al. (2018).Health and demographic surveillance system\u2013Matlab v. 51. Registration of health and demographic events 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ede.0b013e3181e5b053"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","first-page":"724","volume-title":"Vibrio cholerae (cholera) attack","author":"Hiremath N. S.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","volume-title":"GPM IMERG late precipitation L3 1 day 0.1 degree x 0.1 degree V06","author":"Huffman G. J.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.71.8.4645\u20104654.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.48.2.420\u2010424.1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009686"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","unstructured":"IEDCR (Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research). (2022).Ongoing surveillance at IEDCR\u2014Cholera surveillance. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/old.iedcr.gov.bd\/index.php\/surveillance"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2009.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0137828"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00529\u201023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12\u20100721"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2019.1577575"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17\u20100048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/2009mwr2672.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/BAMS\u2010D\u201012\u201000050.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03820"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2008EO100001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b06186"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/cr034119"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.4.1438"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/341206"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.69.5.2773\u20102785.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102458\u201012\u2010442"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/w12020483"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1617218114"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.07.021"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","first-page":"316","article-title":"Contamination of traditional drinking water sources during a period of extreme drought in the Zvimba communal lands, Zimbabwe","volume":"43","author":"Moran P.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Central African Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","volume-title":"AGU fall meeting abstracts, 2019","author":"Nusrat F.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cli10040048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","volume-title":"AGU fall meeting abstracts","author":"Nusrat F.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeem.2024.102966"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/jhm\u2010d\u201016\u20100202.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5485.1766"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10\u20100277"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1203333109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277\u20109536(96)00162\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393\u2010006\u20100079\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab440"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(03)15328\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/345865"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2019.01.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102672.2005.02554.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_90_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Cholera epidemics in Bangladesh: 1985\u20101991","volume":"10","author":"Siddique A. K.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Diarrhoeal Diseases Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004330"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.01109155"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010micro\u2010041320\u2010033201"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2017.07.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.56.6.1977\u20101980.1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.06.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010022\u201022946\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wan Z. Hook S. &Hulley G.(2015).MOD11C3 MODIS\/Terra land surface temperature\/emissivity monthly L3 global 0.05Deg CMG V006[Dataset].NASA EOSDIS Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5067\/MODIS\/MOD11C3.006","DOI":"10.5067\/MODIS\/MOD11C3.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wan Z. Hook S. &Hulley G.(2021).MODIS\/Terra land surface temperature\/emissivity daily L3 global 1km SIN Grid V061[Dataset].NASA EOSDIS Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5067\/MODIS\/MOD11A1.061","DOI":"10.5067\/MODIS\/MOD11A1.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_101_1","unstructured":"WHO. (2022).Cholera. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.who.int\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/cholera"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s095026881500223x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b693","volume-title":"Aid organisations warn Zimbabwe\u2019s cholera crisis is far from over","author":"Zarocostas J.","year":"2009"}],"container-title":["GeoHealth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1029\/2024GH001039","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T03:47:33Z","timestamp":1732679253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1029\/2024GH001039"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1029\/2024GH001039"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2024gh001039","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2471-1403","2471-1403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2471-1403","type":"print"},{"value":"2471-1403","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2024GH001039"}}