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However, the potential consequences of floods on specific medical causes in densely populated metropolitan cities has not been characterized yet. Therefore, we evaluate the changes in healthcare utilization patterns after the 2022 Seoul flood using nationwide health insurance data. Based on the flood inundation map, districts within the flooded municipalities of Seoul were classified as severe\u2010(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012), mild\u2010(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a022), or non\u2010(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a038) flood\u2010affected districts. Capitalizing on the timing of the flood as a natural experiment, a generalized synthetic control method was applied to estimate changes in the number of disease\u2010specific hospital visits in flood\u2010affected districts during 2\u00a0weeks after the flood. We found excess hospital visits for external injuries (20.2 visits, 95% CI: \u22126.0, 45.2) and fewer visits for pregnancy and puerperium (\u22123.0 visits, 95% CI: \u22125.1, \u22120.5) in residents of flooded districts. When comparing severe\u2010 and non\u2010flood districts, the increase in hospital visits for external injuries (56.2 visits, 95% CI: 17.2, 93.2) and a decrease in hospital visits related to pregnancy and puerperium (\u22125.3 visits, 95% CI: \u22128.4, \u22121.6) were prominent in residents living in severe\u2010flood affected districts. Disease specific analysis showed an increase in hospital visits for injuries to the elbow and forearm, ankle and foot injuries, and chronic lower respiratory diseases in severe\u2010flood\u2010affected districts. However, these impacts were not observed when comparing the mild\u2010 and non\u2010flood\u2010affected districts. Our study suggests an immediate and substantial change in medical demand following flood exposure, highlighting the importance of public health responses after flood events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2024gh001084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]],"date-time":"2024-09-28T14:44:30Z","timestamp":1727534670000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Changes in Healthcare Utilization After the 2022 Seoul Metropolitan Flood: Applying a Generalized Synthetic Control Approach"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Marnpyung","family":"Jang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chungnam National University College of Medicine  Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0723-4611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaeyoung","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chungnam National University College of Medicine  Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeseul","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NARA Space Technology  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaiyong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Big Data Research and Development National Health Insurance Service  Wonju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoyeon","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Big Data Research and Development National Health Insurance Service  Wonju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarik","family":"Benmarhnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography UC San Diego  La Jolla CA USA"},{"name":"Inserm EHESP Irset (Institut de Recherche en Sant\u00e9, Environnement et Travail) \u2010 UMR_S 1085 Universit\u00e9 de Rennes  Rennes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5127-4680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changwoo","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography UC San Diego  La Jolla CA USA"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine Chungnam National University College of Medicine  Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/17595901011080869"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2013.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2012.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257\u2010015\u20100138\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/gha.v4i0.6356"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0377\u20101237(03)80136\u20103"},{"issue":"41","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"797","article-title":"Morbidity surveillance following the Midwest flood\u2010\u2010Missouri, 1993","volume":"42","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"1993","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","volume-title":"Damp indoor spaces and health","author":"Clark N.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.118398"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268815002654"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5055\/ajdm.2007.0034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/currents.dis.f4deb457904936b07c09daa98ee8171a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","article-title":"Alternative versus standard packages of antenatal care for low\u2010risk pregnancy","volume":"10","author":"Dowswell T.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901671"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s1049023x00008141"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2007.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476\u2010069X\u20109\u201072"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"Accuracy improvement for building inundation trace map using accurate DEM data and flood damage information","volume":"19","author":"Goo S. 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