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Sugarcane is burned in Florida to facilitate the harvesting process, with the majority of these fires occurring in the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA), where there is only one regulatory air quality monitor. During the 2022\u20132023 sugarcane burning season (October\u2013May), we used public low\u2010cost PurpleAir sensors, regulatory monitors, and 29 PurpleAir sensors deployed for this study to quantify PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    from agricultural fires. We found satellite imagery is of limited use for detecting smoke from agricultural fires in Florida due to the cloud cover, overnight smoke, and the fires being small and short\u2010lived. For these reasons, surface measurements are critical for capturing increases in PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    from smoke, and we used multiple smoke\u2010identification criteria. During the study period, median 24\u2010hour PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    concentrations increased by 2.3\u20136.9\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\n                    on smoke\u2010impacted days compared to unimpacted days, with smoke observed on 4%\u201328% of the campaign days (ranges from the different smoke\u2010identification criteria). Further, short\u2010term PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    increases were observed over 40\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\n                    during smoke events. We contrast the region near the EAA with large populations of low\u2010income and minoritized groups to the more affluent coastal region. The inland region experienced more smoke\u2010impacted monitor days than the Florida east coast region, and there was a higher study\u2010average smoke PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    concentration in the inland area. These findings highlight the need to increase air quality monitoring near the EAA.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2025gh001365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T12:23:51Z","timestamp":1769516631000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Characterizing Particulate Matter Impacts of Smoke From 2022 to 2023 Agricultural Burning in South Florida"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6706-6062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivia","family":"Sablan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University  Fort Collins CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7045-8346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bonne","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorado State University Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere  Fort Collins CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3949-6627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Gargulinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Aerospace  Hampton VA USA"},{"name":"NASA Langley Research Center  Hampton VA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna L.","family":"Henery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Journalism and Media Communication Colorado State University  Fort Collins CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7291-7887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holly","family":"Nowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tall Timbers  Tallahassee FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7179-3560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoey","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oklahoma Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis  Norman OK USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kellin","family":"Slater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Colorado State University  Fort Collins CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8637-3040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amber J.","family":"Soja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Aerospace  Hampton VA USA"},{"name":"NASA Langley Research Center  Hampton VA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4830-683X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa K.","family":"Wiese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida Atlantic University College of Nursing  Boca Raton FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3740-6138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine L.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida Atlantic University College of Nursing  Boca Raton FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2874-3530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheryl","family":"Magzamen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Colorado State University  Fort Collins CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8298-3669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily V.","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University  Fort Collins CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4241-838X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey R.","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University  Fort Collins CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16193720"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940\u2010016\u20100146\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.2948785"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/amt\u201014\u20104617\u20102021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.32473\/edis-sc032-2009","volume-title":"An overview of Florida sugarcane","author":"Baucum L. 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