{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T05:45:06Z","timestamp":1785822306373,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1P20TW012709\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1P20TW012709\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["GeoHealth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Climate\u2010linked heatwaves and dust storms can exacerbate non\u2010communicable disease (NCD) morbidity, yet quantitative evidence from displacement settings remains limited. We assessed short\u2010term impacts of heat and dust events on symptom burden among Syrian refugees with non\u2010communicable diseases (NCDs) in Jordan's Zaatari Camp. We conducted a prospective study of 660 adults receiving care at King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Clinics (KS\u2010Relief) clinics in Zaatari across three periods aligned to seasonal heatwaves. Self\u2010reported symptoms following heatwaves and dust storms were collected via structured interviews. Repeated measures were analyzed using generalized linear mixed\u2010effects models and generalized estimating equations with prespecified covariates. Heatwaves and dust storms were associated with increased symptom burden among participants with NCDs. Symptom burden was highest in Phase 1, the hottest period of 2024 in the Mafraq region (mean daily max 37.8\u00b0C; peak 43\u00b0C; multiple heatwave events and dust storm days), with more dyspnea, fatigue, and hypertension symptoms, especially among those with asthma or hypertension. Phase 2 (moderate heat with intermittent dust; mean daily max 34.1\u00b0C; peak 37\u00b0C) had lower odds of heatwave\u2010 and dust storm\u2013related impacts than Phase 1 (odds ratio 0.54 and 0.62, respectively) with similar symptom profiles. Phase 3 (moderate heat; fewer dust storms; mean daily max 32.6\u00b0C) showed no significant change compared to Phase 2. Across phases, women, larger households, and asthma were associated with higher odds of adverse health impacts. In a displaced, low\u2010resource setting, heatwaves and dust storms impose measurable, recurrent symptom burdens on adults living with NCDs, with heightened vulnerability among those with asthma and in larger households, and generally higher reported impacts among women. Camp\u2010appropriate adaptation (improved cooling, shading, dust\u2010 mitigation) and targeted patient education and surveillance may reduce climate\u2010 sensitive NCD morbidity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2025gh001687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T08:47:51Z","timestamp":1785228471000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Heat and Dust Impacts on the Health of Refugees in Zaatari Refugee Camp"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1551-3869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samer","family":"Makahleh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Appeal Society  Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maha","family":"Al\u2010Harahsheh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Appeal Society  Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8410-6113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ka Wai","family":"Sit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health &amp; Human Longevity Science University of California San Diego  La Jolla CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9364-8200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natasha","family":"Hessami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of California San Diego  La Jolla CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8292-0510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wael K.","family":"Al\u2010Delaimy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health &amp; Human Longevity Science University of California San Diego  La Jolla CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201040012\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmh.2022.100136"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542\u20105196(23)00132\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2017.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-31125-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdrr.2024.104557"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-20182-0_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfclm\/kgae001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25646\/11655"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","volume-title":"Protect yourself from the dangers of extreme heat","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fclim.2025.1465223"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cky103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","unstructured":"European Commission Directorate\u2010General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations. (2024).Forced displacement: Refugees asylum seekers and internally displaced persons (IDPs). 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(2024).UNHCR in Jordan shifts gear to reduce its carbon footprint. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/jo\/news\/unhcr\u2010jordan\u2010shifts\u2010gear\u2010reduce\u2010its\u2010carbon\u2010footprint"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","unstructured":"UNHCR & Partners. (2024).Vulnerability Assessment Framework: Socio\u2010economic survey of refugees in camps (2023 results). Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.3rpsyriacrisis.org\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/FINAL\u2010VAF\u2010Socio\u2010economic\u2010Survey\u2010in\u2010Camps.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","volume-title":"A review of cooking systems for humanitarian settings","author":"Vianello M.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","volume-title":"Noncommunicable diseases and climate change: Policy brief","author":"WHO","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2024a).Climate change: Heat and health. 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