{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T11:44:29Z","timestamp":1759837469011},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","issue":"B13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,20]],"date-time":"2012-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1348099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9811,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Geophys. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,11,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>During the summers of 1982 and 1983, field work was completed on 10 new seismic refraction profiles in the Long Valley\u2010Mono Craters region located within the technically active zone between the eastern Sierra Nevada and the Basin and Range province. The four profiles presented here sample the upper 7\u201310 km of the crust within the western half of Long Valley cladera, the Mono craters ring fracture system, and the \u201cnormal\u201d crust north and northeast of Long Valley. The entire area shares a common crystalline basement consisting primarily of Mesozoic granitic rocks. At a depth of 2 km beneath the topographic surface, the <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> wave velocity is uniformly 5.6 km\/s beneath which the velocity increases with a gradient of about 0.1 s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. Clear secondary arrivals observed on a profile crossing the west part of the caldera support evidence from 1972 seismic refraction profiles for a reflecting boundary at a depth of 7\u20138 km beneath the west margin of the resurgent dome, which may represent the top of a magma chamber. Structural details resolved in the upper 2 km of the crust lead to the following conclusions: (1) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> wave velocities in the crystalline basement at depths shallower than 2 km vary from 3.6 to 5.0 km\/s. This variation reflects differences in the degree of fracturing of the upper portion of the basement. (2) An apparently homogeneous basement in the upper 7\u201310 km beneath the Mono Craters ring fracture system indicates that any extensive magma chamber must be at least 10 km deep there. (3) The downdropped crystalline basement beneath the western half of Long Valley caldera dips genty (5\u00b0\u201310\u00b0) to the northeast. Apparent offsets along steeply dipping caldera\u2010bounding faults are 1.0\u20131.7 km along the northern, western, and southern sides of the caldera with largest offsets in the north. (4) Rocks forming the caldera fill fall into essentially three <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> wave velocity groups. From the surface downward these velocity groups are 100\u2013400 of 1.2\u20131.8 km\/s material corresponding to unconsolidated fluvial or lacustrine deposits or highly fractured rhyolite flows, 200\u2013400 m of 2.8\u20133.1 km\/s material corresponding to sparsely jointed postcaldera rhyolite, rhyodacite and basalt flows, and approximately 1000 m of 3.9\u20134.4 km\/s material corresponding to deposits of Bishop Tuff.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/jb090ib13p11135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,28]],"date-time":"2008-04-28T22:26:58Z","timestamp":1209421618000},"page":"11135-11150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Constraints on the upper crustal structure of the Long Valley\u2010Mono Craters Volcanic Complex, eastern California, from seismic refraction measurements"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"David P.","family":"Hill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.","family":"Kissling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"Luetgert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"U.","family":"Kradolfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB090iB05p03627"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB081i005p00725"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/9781442652668"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Ray Method in Seismology","author":"Cerveny V.","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","series-title":"Bull. Calif. Div. Mines Geol.","first-page":"419","volume-title":"Geology of Northern California","author":"Eaton J. P.","year":"1966"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB089iB02p01165"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Healy J. H. W. D.Mooney H. R.Blank M. E.Gettings W. M.Kohler R. J.Lamson L. E.Leone Saudi Arabian seismic deep\u2010refraction profile: Final reportRep. 02\u201037 629U.S. Geol. Surv. Saudi Arabian Mission Jiddah Saudi Arabia 1982.","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr83390"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-246X.1973.tb02390.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB081i005p00745"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/MEM152-p145"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB090iB13p11111"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JZ070i012p02863"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB081i005p00754"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Kissling E. W. L.Ellsworth R. S.Cockerham Three\u2010dimensional structure of the Long Valley Caldera California region by geotomography Active Tectonic and Magmatic Processes Beneath Long Valley Eastern CaliforniaD. P.Hill A. S.Ryall R. A.Bailey U.S. Geol. Surv. Open File Rep. 84\u2010939 188\u2013220 1984."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Structure and metamorphism in the Mono Craters quadrangle, Sierra Nevada, California","volume":"1221","author":"Kistler R. W.","year":"1966","journal-title":"U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meador P. D. P.Hill Data report for the August 1982 seismic\u2010refraction experiment in the Mono Craters\u2010Long Valley region California U.S. Geol. Surv. Open File Rep83\u2010708 53 1983.","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr83708"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB088iB03p02345"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB081i005p00721"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Oliver H. W. andS. L.Robbins Bouguer gravity map of California Mariposa sheet scale 1:250 000 Calif. Div. of Mines and Geol. Sacramento Calif. 1978."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"B250","article-title":"Gravity, volcanism, and crustal deformation in Long Valley, California","volume":"424","author":"Pakiser L. C.","year":"1961","journal-title":"U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB075i020p04077"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB081i020p03607"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0016-7606(1960)71[415:GIOMBC]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pakiser L. C. M. F.Kane W. H.Jackson Structural geology and volcanism of the Owens Valley region California\u2010A geophysical study U.S. Geol. Surv. 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